"Peony flowers die, ghosts also flow", about the origin of this poem, many people's first reaction is "Peony Pavilion".
"Peony Pavilion" is the representative work of the Ming Dynasty playwright Tang Xianzu, published in the forty-fifth year of the Ming Wanli Calendar (1617). The play depicts the love story of the official Qianjin Du Liniang and the scholar Liu Mengmei. They fell in love with each other, but they died of wounds, turned into souls to find lovers in reality, people and ghosts fell in love with each other, and finally rose from the dead to life, and finally married forever, white heads and old age.
It is precisely because in the "Peony Pavilion", there is such a poem, "Ask the king what he wants, ask the king what he wants, the peony flower dies, and the ghost is also merry!" Jun also has no desire, jun also has nothing to ask for, do not let the lonely woman, into the account to solve a thousand sorrows! ”。 Therefore, the provenance of "peonies die under the flowers, and ghosts are also flowing" has been misread for 700 years.
In fact, the original sentence of this poem comes from the Yuan Dynasty, which is an era earlier than the Ming Dynasty when Tang Xianzu wrote "Peony Pavilion", and it is also related to Guan Hanqing, the first of the four great masters of the Yuan Qu. Next, Wen Shijun will talk to you.
Guan Hanqing (c. 1220 – 1300), a miscellaneous playwright of the Yuan Dynasty. He is a representative figure of ancient Opera creation in China, and together with Ma Zhiyuan, Zheng Guangzu and Bai Pu, he is known as the "Four Greats of Yuanqu".
He has made great achievements in miscellaneous dramas in his life, writing more than 60 kinds, 18 of which exist today, the most famous of which are "Dou E'e Grievance", "Single Knife Society", "Single Whip To Seize the Hammer", "Western Shu Dream", etc., and there are more than 40 songs and more than 10 sets of scattered songs.
He has a very famous saying, which is also the shaping of self-image, "I am not steamed, cooked, pounded, fried, and a copper pea", and I am known as a "composer saint".
Readers who have seen Guan Hanqing's portrait can see at first glance that he is a majestic and rugged man, but under the tough appearance, there is also a gentle heart and an extraordinary love history.
The ancient literati, like today's fillers, were highly sought after and chased by kabuki (singers).
For example, liu yong, a song dynasty lyricist, gave up his meritorious name because of the failure of the imperial examination, and spent his life wandering in the Qinglou, and was regarded as a "sweetheart" by the Qinglou singers. After his death, he was very poor, and in the end, the Qinglou singers gathered silver two to pay for his funeral. Years later, someone else swept his grave.
During the Yuan Dynasty, Guan Hanqing, as the peak figure of the original song, naturally had a follower and a large number of fans. Among them, there is a performance artist named Zhu Shuxiu, who admires Guan Hanqing very much, and Guan Hanqing composes the music, and she interprets it. The two have been working together for many years, and they have been in love, leaving behind many famous works. Among them, Guan Hanqing's most famous "Dou E'e Grievance" is from the hands of the two people.
Zhu Shuxiu, at a glance, knows that it is a stage name. There are few documentary records about her life, which have long been lost in the annals of history. But what can be imagined is that she must be the daughter of a talented, rich and talented official eunuch.
Guan Hanqing once used these two poems to describe her. "Rich and noble like the Hou family's purple tent, the wind flow is like the red lotus of Xie Fu." "Ten miles of Yangzhou wind and things, out of the gods." Both color and art, talent and beauty.
In addition, Xia Tingzhi also mentioned Zhu Shuxiu in the "Collection of Qinglou": "Zi Rong Shu Li, miscellaneous dramas are today's solo steps, driving heads, Hua Dan, soft mud, etc., all of which are wonderful, and the famous scribes are quite recommended." ”
This means that Zhu Shuxiu's performance talent is extremely high, and it is highly respected by celebrities and literati at that time. In this way, it can be said that Zhu Shuxiu and Guan Hanqing are definitely a pearl of the original music industry, and they are absolutely proud. It's just that in ancient times, too much attention was paid to women, let alone the Qinglou Kabuki, so there were not too many records of her in history.
Zhu Shuxiu, during the Yuan Dynasty, had the reputation of "Empress of Miscellaneous Drama", and this title can be seen in its position in the original music industry. She is the interpreter, admirer, and supporter of Guan Hanqing's works, and the inspiration for Guan Hanqing. Among them, the works we are familiar with, such as "Wangjiang Pavilion" and "Saving the Wind and Dust", are specially created for her by Guan Hanqing.
It is said that "Dou E'e Grievance" was written by Guan Hanqing with feelings about Zhu Xiaolan's case. At that time, Guan Hanqing was afraid that writing it would cause trouble, and he did not write for a long time, until Zhu Curtain Show encouraged and supported him: "If you dare to write, I dare to act!" So Guan Hanqing also made up his mind to create, and wrote "Dou E'e Grievance" of "Flying Snow in June, Three Years of Drought".
Their love is not romantic, but confidant. Just like Cao Xueqin and her "Fat Yan Zhai". However, it is a pity that Guan Hanqing and Zhu Shuxiu were not able to walk together in the end.
No matter how prestigious Ren Zhu curtain show is, he can't get rid of the identity of an official prostitute, and Guan Hanqing already has a family. Later, Zhu Yuxiu married a Qiantang Taoist monk named Hong Dangu, and in his later years he was exiled to Hangzhou and depressed.
It is rumored that her husband Hong Dangu is devoted to the Tao, and does not have much enthusiasm for her, and Zhu Shuxiu's life is very miserable. It was also in that environment that she wrote all her love for Guan Hanqing in a poem called "Jade Furong".
Yuan Zhu Shuxiu , "Jade Furong"
Lonely for a few hours to rest, looking forward to the music book sky. Add people sick yellow bird branches, help people worry about the decline of the city.
The spring river is full of tears, and there are not many sorrows. If you have to return and go along with them, you will die under the peony flowers, and you will be a ghost.
Days without you, loneliness, how difficult, lovesickness urges people to grow old.
I wish I could have heard from you, even if it was only a few words, even if they were thousands of miles apart. The rushing river is full of my tears, but not a single drop is dripping into your heart. If we can reunite again and rejoice in the twilight, even if we drown in such tenderness, I am willing to be a ghost.
Judging from the original words, "peony flowers die, and ghosts also flow", which is not the so-called "vulgar words" at all. Rather, it is a poignant love song described. At this point, we pay tribute to Guan Hanqing and Zhu Shuxiu, the two great people of the original song.
Readers, what do you think about the "Guan Hanqing in history"? If you like this article, please forward the favorite Oh ~