During the Chongqing negotiations, because the proposals in the specific negotiations were put forward by our party, many people believed that the Kuomintang did not have a strategy for preparing for negotiations, so that they were led by the nose of the Communist Party in the negotiations. In fact, the Kuomintang still had certain preparations, and in Mr. Zhang Zhizhong's memoirs, it was pointed out that the Kuomintang was prepared for the negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and had a strategy. So what does the KMT's specific strategy contain?
First of all, it must be explained that Chiang Kai-shek's three invitations to Chairman Mao to Chongqing for negotiations were for political and military purposes, and politically: on the one hand, they should make an example for the Chinese people, show their determination to make peace, and in the future, push the responsibility for the civil war on the Communist Party; on the other hand, Chiang Kai-shek was forced by the pressure of the United States and the Soviet Union, because the United States and the Soviet Union did not want to see a unified China, so it was in their interest to let the Kuomintang and the Communist Party maintain the existence of the two forces through negotiations. In addition, militarily, Chiang Kai-shek also needed to delay time through negotiations to facilitate the transportation of Kuomintang troops from the southwest to the whole country. Therefore, under such circumstances, the Kuomintang could not be unprepared for the Kuomintang-Communist negotiations.
However, the Kuomintang did have some surprises, because Chiang Kai-shek invited Chairman Mao to Chongqing for negotiations three times, and after the first two refusals, he agreed to it for the third time, which surprised the Kuomintang; secondly, Chairman Mao's personal visit to Chongqing also surprised Chiang Kai-shek, because the incident of Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng shocked the whole country at that time, and no one can guarantee that Chairman Mao will not repeat Zhang Xueliang's mistakes when he comes to Chongqing this time. Chairman Mao's courage to go to Chongqing in person surprised the Kuomintang.
In the face of the arrival of Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou, Chiang Kai-shek specially organized a meeting to discuss and formulate a strategy of announcing the facts of the consultation and the government's painstaking efforts to show grievances and seek full tolerance, in exchange for the support of the people.
In terms of specific policy requirements for the Communist Party, first of all, it is necessary to abolish illegal organizations (that is, abolish the Communist government), and secondly, to abolish the right to issue money without authorization (no currency in the border areas is allowed), and so on. These demands of Chiang Kai-shek are actually intended to occupy the dominant advantage in the negotiations through the war of public opinion.
In terms of the two key points of negotiations involving military and political affairs, the demands put forward by the Kuomintang were rather harsh. First of all, the Kuomintang demanded that the Communist Party abandon the army, and that the army be under the unified command of the government, and that the armies in various places should not attack the areas occupied by the Japanese army; at the same time, the Chinese Communist army should be reorganized, and the committee responsible for rectification was designated by the Kuomintang, and after the reorganization, the number of Communist troops retained was also determined by the committee.
The Kuomintang's demands on the army have completely challenged the communist bottom line, and if it is implemented according to the Kuomintang's plan, it will be equivalent to the Communist Party handing over the army to the Kuomintang, and the Communist Party will become a fish and meat to be slaughtered.
In the political aspect, the kmt proposed the following plan:
1. Establish the Executive Yuan, which is responsible to the Party;
2. The President of the Executive Yuan and the ministers of the Ministries shall be elected by the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang and appointed by the Chairman of the State Council;
(3) The Executive Yuan shall establish three or four ministers without real power, to be held by the Communist Party and non-party personages;
(4) Establish legislative organs and supervisory organs, which can accommodate both Communist Party and non-party personnel, but the proportion is lower than that of Kuomintang personnel;
(5) The National Assembly shall be attended by members of all parties and shall be re-elected, provided that the number of representatives of the Communist Party and democrats shall not exceed that of the Kuomintang in general.
6. Recognize the legitimacy of other political parties.
The Kuomintang's political conditions basically determined the dominant position of the Kuomintang as a family, and of course the Kuomintang still made concessions to the legitimacy of other political parties.
On the whole, the kuomintang's military and political demands showed the strength of the kuomintang, but they also seriously challenged the bottom line of the communist party, which also doomed the kuomintang to the hardships of the Chongqing negotiations. As for how the KMT and the CPC fought between the Kuomintang and the CPC in the course of the Chongqing negotiations, we will talk about it later.