Cardiovascular disease is high in winter, be wary of this sign!

Text/Yangcheng Evening News all-media reporter Lin Qingqing

Correspondent Zhang Chengbin Peng Fengmei

Cold air continues to threaten. Zhao Yiye, chief physician of the Cardiovascular Department of the Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Southern Medical University, reminded that winter is a high incidence of cardiovascular disease, whether it is a citizen with elderly people at home or a group of people with high work pressure, in addition to cold protection and warmth, special attention should also be paid to preventing cardiovascular disease.

Signs of cardiovascular disease: chest tightness, feeling of oppression

"From November to March of the following year, it is a time of year when the incidence of cardiovascular disease is high, which is more obvious in the elderly." Zhao Yiye reminded that there are elderly people at home, and special attention should be paid to the symptoms of cardiovascular disease - when cardiovascular disease occurs, it is usually manifested as abnormal fluctuations in blood pressure and spasms, and patients will have chest tightness and an indescribable sense of oppression. If these symptoms cannot be relieved within 5-15 minutes, they are an acute episode of cardiovascular disease and should be treated immediately.

Photo/Visual China Infographic

Why is the incidence of cardiovascular disease high in winter?

Zhao Yiye explained that the main reasons for the high incidence of cardiovascular disease in winter are as follows:

1. Cold and suddenly warm. In the case of low temperature, blood vessels will constrict, which can easily cause ischemia and hypoxia of important organs such as the heart, inducing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Moreover, the temperature difference between day and night in winter is large, and the function of the human nervous system and endocrine system is prone to disorders, increasing the possibility of inducing acute diseases.

2. Blood pressure fluctuates greatly. Changes in winter hormone levels, changes in indoor and outdoor temperatures, etc., are easy to cause blood pressure fluctuations, especially in the elderly, and the back and forth fluctuations of blood pressure will accelerate the formation and development of arteriosclerosis, which is easy to cause angina or cerebrovascular problems.

3. Haze effects. Air pollution is relatively common in winter, and pollutants such as PM2.5 can speed up heart rate, raise blood pressure, stimulate vascular inflammation, and cause blood to be in a highly coagulated state and cause heart disease. In addition, the air pressure in smog weather is low, the oxygen concentration in the air is also low, and patients with poor cardiopulmonary function such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, and heart failure are prone to hypoxia.

4. Upper respiratory tract infection. In autumn and winter, the incidence of respiratory infections increases. After infection, the oxygen exchange capacity of lung tissue decreases, the burden on the heart increases, and it is easy to induce acute myocardial infarction, sudden death, etc., and heart failure is more likely to occur.

5． Decreased exercise. Due to the cold weather, the public's outdoor activities are reduced, more indoor entertainment, young people may play games more online, and people who insist on working in the office will usually be sedentary, coupled with low temperatures, it is easy to cause vasoconstriction, slow blood flow, and increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs.

6． Improper diet. Around the Spring Festival, citizens are often prone to consume more high-fat diets, causing obesity, increased blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and increasing the likelihood of cardiovascular disease attacks.

These crowds should be especially vigilant!

Zhao Yiye reminded the following groups of people that they should pay special attention to the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

1． Suffer from high blood pressure. It is estimated that there are about 435 million people with normal high blood pressure in the country. Long-term hypertension can thicken or stiffen the walls of cerebral arteries and thinn the walls of tubes. When blood pressure rises sharply, cerebral blood vessels are prone to rupture and cerebral hemorrhage occurs; or hypertension accelerates the arteriosclerosis process, the arterial endothelial cell fluid is damaged, platelets are easy to accumulate in the wound, and it is easy to form cerebral blood pressure plugs, causing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

2． Long-term smoking. The data show that smokers have a much higher incidence of cardiovascular disease than non-smokers, with subarachnoid hemorrhage 3-5.7 times more. Because nicotin can promote the increase of epinephrine content in plasma, promote platelet aggregation and endothelial cell contraction, causing an increase in blood viscosity factors.

3. Staying up late is stressful and unbalanced. Late-night EMO (low mood), emotional instability, the habit of staying up late to play games, brushing videos are the norm for many young people; the pace of life is tense, and the pressure on young and middle-aged people is also increasing by family and career.

At the same time, excessive alcohol consumption in winter, intake of too much food fat, lack of necessary exercise, resulting in slower metabolism of the human body, blood flow rate will slow down, blood viscosity will increase rapidly, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the heart and brain, if not timely conditioning, will cause coronary heart disease, hypertension, cerebral thrombosis, fatty liver and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

4. Long-term exposure to air pollution. A large number of epidemiological studies have confirmed that there is a significant association between increased outdoor air pollutant concentrations and increased cardiovascular disease mortality and incidence. Total suspended particulate matter (TSP), SO2, NOx, and PM2.5 significantly increased the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease deaths.

In addition, patients with dyslipidemia, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, and sleep disorders should also be vigilant.

Winter Safety Tips:

Zhao Yiye reminded everyone that cardiovascular disease patients should especially do the following in winter:

1． Standardize medication. Strictly follow the doctor's instructions for medication.

2． Take care to keep warm.

3． Science movement. The elderly should reasonably arrange exercise time and control the amount of exercise, and do not rush to get out of bed when waking up, and lie in bed for a while. Because people's platelets are easy to accumulate in the early morning, blood pressure is easy to rise, the heartbeat is faster, and the hormone level is strong, which can easily lead to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases, so cardiovascular disease patients should not exercise in the morning, and they should wait until the sun rises in winter to go to exercise.

4． Reasonable meals. Low-salt and low-fat diet, the amount of salt (including soy sauce) per day should be reduced to about 5 grams, and the elderly can be 70% full. The elderly have a slow and pure response to thirst, easy to lack of water and not easy to perceive, so they can slowly drink 500 ml of warm boiled water in the morning, and drink more water outside three meals a day, which helps to dilute the blood and reduce the probability of thrombosis. Eat plenty of foods that contain dietary fiber.

5． Pay attention to protective measures when there is severe smog.

6. Peace of mind. Mood swings are taboo for cardiovascular diseases, and it is necessary to maintain cheerfulness, emotional stability and stability, not to be angry, less excited, and to maintain positive energy.

Source | Yangcheng Evening News Yangcheng Pie

Editor-in-charge | Cui Wencan