During the Battle of Xuzhou, Chiang Kai-shek always wanted to gain the support of the Soviet Union, because in addition to the resources of strategic materials, the Soviet Union has always been stationary. But during the Battle of Wuhan, in the summer of 1938, the Soviet Union suddenly sent troops to Zhang Gufeng, what was his purpose? Why did the Japanese army in its heyday lose to the Soviet Union?
On May 12, 1938, the Minister of the Far East of the USSR, Samoylovich V. As a high-ranking Soviet official, Liushikov, who suddenly defected to Manchuria, had a large amount of intelligence in his hands, including the formation of the Soviet garrison in far Eastern Siberia, the number of the military, and the military radio code in use.
This guy sold all the information directly to the Japanese, who were shocked when they learned that the Soviets had deployed troops in the Far East with a total strength of more than 500,000 troops and more than 2,000 fighters. At this time, japan's total military strength in Korea and China was less than 200,000, and if a large-scale military operation was launched in the Far East, the situation of the Japanese army could be imagined.
The Battle of Wuhan in China was about to begin, and in order to avoid falling into the dilemma of being caught in a two-front battle and suffering from the enemy on its back, Japan sent spies and secretly entered the Soviet defense zone near ZhangGufeng to investigate. The result was tragic, the Japanese spy was discovered by the Soviet border guards that there was a gun battle between the two sides, and the spy leader Matsushima was killed, which was the fuse of the Zhang Gufeng incident.
Zhang Gufeng is located on the Sino-Russian boundary 1.5 kilometers north of Fangchuan Village, Jingxin Town, Hunchun City, Jilin Province, and is such a place that cannot be found on the map, and many things can happen in history. In the Treaty of Yaohun, Zhang Gufeng was a Chinese territory, but in the Russian Sakamoto Treaty, Zhang Gufeng belonged to Tsarist Russia.
In 1932, after the establishment of Puppet Manchuria, Zhang Gufeng was considered his territory and assigned it to Yaohun County. In the eyes of the Japanese army, Zhang Gufeng belongs to the pseudo-Manchukuo from a legal point of view, which can overlook the three countries of China and the Soviet Union, and the terrain is very narrow and cannot be carried out in large-scale operations, because the Japanese army wants to fight a battle here and feel the strength of the Soviet Union.
Due to the strength of the Soviet Union, the Japanese Emperor has always refused to send troops, but the Japanese army has always had a tradition of "following the kagami". The commander of the 10th Division, Ocho Kamezo, directly came to a "general outside, the military orders are not affected", directly excluded 4 infantry squadrons, 2 mountain artillery brigades, 1 field heavy artillery brigade, about 1700 troops, directly advanced to the border area.
On July 30, the Japanese army secretly crossed the river and evacuated the old and young women and children, leaving only the young and middle-aged to carry water and deliver ammunition for the Japanese army. On July 31, the Japanese shelled Zhanggufeng, followed by 2 infantry brigades under the cover of artillery, began to attack, and on August 1, occupied Zhanggufeng.
On August 2, the Soviet army began to counterattack, and the first wave of attack sent 10 bombers to directly bomb Zhang Gufeng. It turned out that the Japanese army had only one division and a small number of border troops in this area. Immediately after the Japanese attack, the Soviet Union sent reinforcements, 2 infantry divisions, 1 mechanized brigade.
Overall, the Soviet Union concentrated 15,000 people, 237 artillery, 258 tanks, and 250 aircraft in the Zhanggufeng area, while the Japanese army had only 7,000 people, 37 artillery pieces, and 70 aircraft.
The two armies fought until August 4, and on the surface the Japanese had the advantage and did not lose their positions, but in reality the Soviet Union had cut off all railways and cut off the Supply Lines of the Japanese Army. On August 5, the Japanese army telegraphed the Tokyo base camp hoping to start diplomatic negotiations, which was actually a disguised cessation of military operations.
For various reasons, the order of the base camp was delayed for several days, directly causing the Japanese army to suffer heavy losses.
On August 6, the Soviet Union launched a general offensive, 180 bombers under the cover of 70 fighters, directly bombed the Japanese positions of ZhangGufeng, followed by artillery battles, infantry battles, white-knife battles, and on August 9, the Japanese army was completely expelled from Zhanggulou.
On August 10, japan and the Soviet Union signed the "Zhanggulou Armistice Agreement", and on August 11, the Liang army retreated 80 meters from the Zhanggufeng position. On August 13, the Liang army exchanged the bodies of prisoners of war and fallen soldiers.
At this point, the Zhang Gulou incident officially ended.