After decades of fighting, Chairman Mao and others finally contributed to the founding of the People's Republic of China, and as a nascent regime, There were many shortcomings in China's medical, economic, or educational development.
But it is precisely because of a great man like Chairman Mao who cleaned up the mountains and rivers that China was able to complete its vigorous development in only 27 years.
In the past 27 years, Chairman Mao, with his great talent and strategy, has enabled China to achieve nine great achievements, and it is precisely because of these achievements that China has achieved such great development.
So what are these nine great feats, which are called miracles of the world?
First, economic development
It is said that the economic base determines the superstructure, whether it is to develop education, medical care or the military, it needs the support of money, and at the same time, the lack of money means that the people cannot eat and wear warmly.
When New China was first founded, the mainland's total GDP was simply not ranked in the world, and in order to promote economic development, Chairman Mao and other national leaders jointly formulated four five-year plans.
The plan was officially implemented in 1970 until the initial completion of the 1976 plan, which smoothly led to GDP growth.
The Four Five-Year Plan has vigorously developed the mainland industry by vigorously grasping steel, military industry, and transportation, and the development of industrial mechanization has also led to the process of agricultural mechanization, so that the people have truly realized that they have food to eat.
During the entire period of the Fourth Five-Year Plan, the national economy developed rapidly, and in 1970 alone, the total industrial and agricultural output value of the mainland reached 446.7 billion.
Second, the construction of industry
Since the industrial revolution, the world has entered a new stage of development, and the traditional agricultural production methods are no longer suitable for today's world.
In order to catch up with and surpass other countries and develop their own national strength, Chairman Mao personally supervised the construction of industrialization and established an independent and complete industrial system.
For China, a big agricultural country, industry is one of our shortcomings.
Before the founding of New China, China's industrial base had always been very weak, and at that time, only a few cities on the mainland had an industrial base in the northeast and other cities.
Although the mainland and the Soviet Union were both socialist countries, the industrial output of the mainland at that time was even less than 1/15 of that of Belgium.
However, after the founding of New China, it took the mainland only more than twenty years to complete the rapid growth of industrial output.
During the leadership of Chairman Mao, the total output value of industry alone increased by more than thirty times.
Although the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea broke out as soon as New China was founded, when a large number of young people of appropriate age were sent to the battlefield of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and the mainland's working population suffered a great impact as a result, China's industrial output at that time was still growing at an average annual rate of 11.2 percent.
Especially between 1953 and 1973, China's industrial productivity more than doubled.
The rapid development of China's industry has not only led to economic growth, but also provided significant support for the development of technology.
As steel production went up, China also produced a large number of jets, railway locomotives and modern sea vessels.
As we all know, China is a country with a large proportion of land area, and since ancient times, the mainland has attached great importance to the development of agriculture.
When New China was founded, industry accounted for less than 30% of the gross national product, but just over two decades later, industry accounted for 72% of the country's economic production.
It is precisely because of Chairman Mao's leadership that China was able to achieve industrialization in such a short period of time.
Third, the development of infrastructure
The development of industry has also led to the development of infrastructure, just as the so-called road is to be rich, and Chairman Mao is also well versed in this way.
In the Mao Zedong era, the mainland completed more than 800,000 kilometers of road construction and more than 20,000 kilometers of railway construction.
It is worth mentioning that these infrastructures have not only fallen on economically developed cities, but also overcome technical difficulties, crossed the vast desert Gobi, crossed the lofty mountains, and improved the lives of people in remote areas.
In addition to the railway, the mainland has also completed the work of harnessing major rivers and rivers, and built more than 50,000 reservoirs, which have provided a solid guarantee for disaster prevention work, facilitated the production and life of the people, and also created important conditions for the economic development of the new socialist period.
Fourth, the population growth has been successfully completed
Because of China's vast territory and rich resources, the population of the mainland has been very large since ancient times, but since Britain launched the Opium War and opened the door to China, China has suffered aggression for more than a hundred years.
During this period, the mainland experienced the Eight-Power Alliance's war of aggression against China, the War of Resistance Against Japan, and the War of Liberation, and in the past hundred years or so, countless patriots and innocent people have paid the price of their lives.
It is also because of the long war that after the founding of New China, the total population of the country was only 540 million people.
Chairman Mao was also very sad to see this shocking figure, and he knew very well what population meant to a country.
It is said that the productive forces are the first meaning of development, no one means that there are no productive forces, and how can a country without productive forces talk about the economy? What about revival? What about development?
Even after the founding of New China, the mainland experienced the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea and the war with Vietnam and India, but he increased the population by strengthening infrastructure construction, developing the economy, and encouraging fertility.
Surveys show that the number of people on the mainland reached 940 million in 1976, a net increase of 400 million Chinese compared with 1949.
In that year, in order to improve the survival rate of babies, Chairman Mao also advocated the construction of countless water conservancy projects throughout the country, and it was precisely because of sufficient water sources that the survival rate of babies increased from the previous 20% to 70%.
Fifth, vigorous development of health care
When the birth rate rises, the state has to consider the problem of medical facilities.
In the past, due to imperfect medical construction and other reasons, there were many problems such as difficulty in seeing a doctor and expensive medical treatment, so the average life expectancy of Chinese citizens at that time was as low as 35 years old.
Chairman Mao's southern conquest of the northern war for many years, he deeply understood the importance of medical treatment to the people, so as early as the founding of New China, he once gave a speech in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, saying that "the party and the government in all localities should put medical development work on their own agendas."
After the founding of new China, he personally drafted a "Directive on Strengthening Health, Epidemic Prevention and Medical Work" to supervise the development of the medical industry.
However, in the face of such a large population, it is not easy to revitalize the medical industry.
In order to truly solve the problem of difficulty in seeing a doctor, Chairman Mao allocated a large amount of money from the financial revenue and established health centers in various counties and communities.
At the call of the state, free medical care spread throughout towns in a short period of time.
With the free medical policy, the people no longer have to worry about looking down on the disease, and it is in this environment that the mainland has truly expelled vicious infectious diseases such as leprosy, smallpox, and plague from the country.
The vigorous development of medical care has directly increased the average life expectancy of the people from 35 years to 65 years.
Sixth, the reform of education has been completed
While grasping the economy and industry, Chairman Mao did not forget to grasp culture.
Because in the past, China was in a state of war for a long time, so the people at that time generally did not have the opportunity to systematically learn knowledge and culture.
Therefore, in view of the national conditions at that time, the state specially formulated a literacy plan.
During this period, the State not only popularized primary education in rural areas and secondary education in urban areas, but also pioneered adult education and in-service education programmes in both urban and rural areas.
Long before the founding of New China, Chairman Mao put forward the concept of socialist education, and Chairman Mao pointed out that China must establish a new national, scientific, and popular education.
In September 1949, the People's Democratic Consultative Assembly adopted the Common Program as the fundamental law at the beginning of the founding of New China.
Article 41 of the Common Program quotes Chairman Mao's thought by providing that "the cultural education of the People's Republic of China is new-democratic, that is, national, scientific and popular cultural education."
In the later process of educational reform, Chairman Mao also implemented this educational concept.
In the seven years from 1949 to 1956, the mainland carried out socialist transformation, and at the same time as socialist transformation, Chairman Mao also carried out extremely effective transformation of China's educational, cultural, and scientific undertakings.
It was under the leadership of Chairman Mao that the mainland fundamentally changed the nature of education in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal areas of old China, thus establishing a new socialist education system.
The Chinese education policy formulated by Chairman Mao and others not only solved the most difficult problems in China at that time, but also had the characteristics of advancing with the times.
Chairman Mao also said, "Our education policy should enable the educated to develop in moral, intellectual, and physical education. ”
And this comprehensive development he mentioned is still affecting China's education cause.
It is precisely because Chairman Mao and others have put forward a series of educational ideas suited to the national conditions of the mainland and have truly completed their implementation that China's educational undertakings have been able to achieve such great development in this short period of time.
Seventh, the popularization of colleges and universities
The seventh achievement and the sixth achievement are complementary, after all, for the country, it is not enough to let the people know the words, and if the country wants to achieve real development, it must let more people learn more professional and useful knowledge.
Therefore, at that time, the state also deliberately approved the establishment of thousands of colleges and universities and technical colleges, so that all students of the right age could learn really useful professional knowledge as much as possible.
It is precisely because of the implementation of this policy that the number of students in mainland china at that time increased by 8.4 times, and a few years later, the enrollment rate of Chinese students was as high as more than 97%.
In addition to these secondary schools, Chairman Mao was particularly concerned about the construction of colleges and universities, and during his lifetime, he personally wrote the names of 20 schools.
As we all know, Chairman Mao was an outstanding calligrapher, and the characters he wrote were also called "Mao body".
In addition to the names of Peking University, Fudan University, Tsinghua University and other schools, which use Chairman Mao's ink treasure, even chairman Mao's alma mater, the name of Hunan First Normal School, is also written by himself!
After field visits and understanding of the characteristics of each school, the state also formulated policies to decentralize higher colleges in 1969.
Talent is the foundation of the country, precisely because the national leaders pay so much attention to education and the development of talent. Only then can China have so many rising stars and continue the unfinished revolutionary cause.
Eighth, the improvement of the country's military strength
Being able to lead the soldiers of the Red Army through the Long March and winning the final victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan and the War of Liberation, Chairman Mao's own military strength naturally goes without saying much.
Although New China was fully established in 1949 and the Chinese people stood up, China was still facing internal and external troubles.
After the founding of New China, not only Chiang Kai-shek, who was defeating and retreating from Taiwan, but even the capitalist countries headed by the United States and our neighbor Japan did not give up their covetousness for China.
Just one year after the founding of New China, the United States set its sights on the northeast of the mainland, not only trying to restrain China through the Korean War, but also launching a nuclear threat again and against China.
Chairman Mao knew in his heart that if we did not pay close attention to the development of China's military strength, China would not be able to achieve real development.
When meeting with the central leaders, he said bluntly:
"The reason why the imperialist countries bully us so much is because we have great shortcomings in industry, and it is imperative to solve the problem of weapons and equipment of the troops!"
In order to improve the mainland's armament capabilities, Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou, and others even put forward proposals to study nuclear weapons.
According to the overall strength of China at that time, it was necessary to explore for a long time to develop modern weapons and break through technological barriers, but Chairman Mao felt that nothing was impossible.
In order to truly develop nuclear weapons, he also traveled to foreign countries many times and brought a lot of international help to scientific researchers.
Finally, with the joint efforts of mainland researchers and engineers, China successfully developed atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, intercontinental missiles and artificial satellites in only a decade.
When that giant mushroom cloud lifts off Chinese soil, China will no longer have to be threatened by other countries' nuclear weapons.
The ninth point is China's diplomatic achievements
When New China was first founded, due to the "intentional action" of the Western capitalist countries, the mainland was hindered by many obstacles in the international community.
In order to break the diplomatic blockade, Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou, and others successively put forward diplomatic guidelines such as the "Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence" and "Cleaning up the House and Then Leaving."
It was also because of these diplomatic policies that China not only completed the establishment of diplomatic relations with many countries, but also greatly improved the relations between China and the United States in the later period.
Through the enhancement of China's comprehensive national strength and the unremitting efforts of the people, on October 25, 1971, the legitimate seat of the People's Republic of China in the United Nations was officially restored.
Many years ago, when a professor at Yale University in the United States studied Chinese society, he said that "the Mao Zedong era was one of the greatest modernization eras in the history of the world."
At the same time, the US media also commented, saying that "New China has achieved no other country's achievements."
Although Chairman Mao has now left us, his spirit and the policies he formulated are still influencing countless descendants in future generations, and future generations must also work hard to study Mao Zedong Thought and understand the spirit of Mao Zedong in order to complete the great rejuvenation of the country with a better posture.