There are many texts in the primary school textbook that talk about scenic spots, such as "I want to see more" introduces Beijing Tiananmen, and "Huangshan Strange Stone" introduces Huangshan, Anhui. Primary school textbooks are not selected for any scenery, only national key cultural relics, key projects or key scenic spots can be selected, opening up the enlightenment for students' aesthetics. The bridge in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, was selected as a primary school textbook. This bridge is the Zhaozhou Bridge.
This bridge is located in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, Zhao County, nan wei river, where the Zhao County was called Zhao Prefecture in ancient times, so it is also called "Zhao Zhou Bridge", the local people call it the Big Stone Bridge, to distinguish it from the Yongtong Bridge (Xiaoshi Bridge) outside the west gate of the city.
It was built in the Sui Dynasty and was designed and built by the craftsman Li Chun. Later, zhao Xu, the Emperor Zhezong of Song, gave the name Anji Bridge, and it has been called Anji Bridge ever since. It has undergone many repairs in history, dating back more than 1400 years. Such a long time span made it witness the prosperity of Tang Taizong's Zhenguan, and also saw the grain and grass of Song Taizong's Yongxi Northern Expedition, and the Khitans and Jin soldiers invaded the Iron Hooves of the Song Dynasty in the south.
There are many reasons why it can become a thousand-year-old bridge. An important reason is that its location is reasonable. At that time, Li Chun chose the base site of the Zhaozhou Bridge in the coarse sand of the Weihe River, taking into account that using coarse sand as the foundation can improve the load-bearing strength of the bridge and ensure the stability of the bridge. Modern surveys have also proved this, the strata distribution is stable, the soil is mainly dense silty clay, there is a silt and sandy soil sandwich in the middle, the clay layer is small in compressibility, and there is no liquefaction of sandy soil during earthquakes, which is a good natural foundation.
Another reason is the exquisite structure. This bridge is the world's oldest surviving, the largest span and the best preserved single-hole Tan arc open-shoulder stone arch bridge. The open-shoulder arch of the design, lying on the shoulder of the main arch, conforms to the principles of structural mechanics, increases the drainage area, and also saves stone. The two sections of the bridge are wide and narrow in the middle, and the longitudinal juxtaposition masonry method is adopted, the river center does not have piers, and the bridge adopts a single-hole long span form, which is larger than the porous bridge, and is conducive to the advantages of flood discharge.
The last reason is the unique construction process. The bridge was built using blue-gray sand and stone produced by nearby states and counties as stone, and the texture was hard. Although zhaozhou bridge has experienced several floods, wind and rain, erosion of ice and snow and earthquakes in the long years, it is safe and sound, and still stands majestically on the Qingshui River.
This bridge has created the first "open-shoulder arch" structural form in the history of bridges in the world, which has high scientific research value, shows the strict and handsome stone carving style of the Sui Dynasty, occupies an important historical position in the history of bridge building in China and even the world, and has a profound impact on bridge architecture all over the world.
(The picture in the article comes from Ctrip's contracted traveler @ the stupidest traveler stone)