Important
January 20, 1939
Mao Zedong wrote the preface to the English translation of On Protracted War, "The Relationship between the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and Foreign Aid." The preface points out: My friends in Shanghai are translating my "On Protracted War" into English, and I am of course very happy to hear it, because the great Chinese War of Resistance is not only a matter for China and the East, but also for the world. If, because of my book, I can give people who sympathize with China to understand the truth of China's resistance to Japan, of course, it is my hope. At present, Japan is forced to end its strategic offensive and turn to strategic conservatism, and I am ending my strategic retreat (the main force, not the guerrillas) due to the resolute resistance and the increase in strength, and this situation is about to come. In the great War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, China basically relied on its own strength to defeat the enemy, and China's strength is also being mobilized, not only becoming an invincible force, but also overwhelming the enemy and driving it away. But at the same time, the cooperation of foreign aid is needed, our enemy is a world enemy, China's war of resistance is a world war of resistance, and the history of the idea of isolating war has pointed out that it is incorrect. This preface is included in the second volume of The Collected Works of Mao Zedong.
January 20, 1941
On January 20, the Revolutionary Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee issued an order to rebuild the Military Headquarters of the New Fourth Army, appointing Chen Yi as acting commander, Zhang Yunyi as deputy commander, Liu Shaoqi as political commissar, Lai Chuanzhu as chief of staff, and Deng Zihui as director of the political department. On the 25th, a new military headquarters of the New Fourth Army was established in Yancheng, northern Jiangsu Province, and immediately proceeded to reorganize the troops in accordance with the instructions of the CPC Central Committee, expanding the whole army into seven divisions and an independent brigade. Su Yu, commander of the First Division, and Liu Yan, political commissar; Zhang Yunyi, commander of the Second Division; Zheng Weisan, political commissar; Huang Kecheng, commander of the Third Division and political commissar; Peng Xuefeng, commander of the Fourth Division and political commissar; Li Xiannian, commander of the Fifth Division and political commissar; Tan Zhenlin, commander of the Sixth Division and political commissar; Zhang Dingcheng, commander of the Seventh Division; and Zeng Xisheng, political commissar; and more than 90,000 people in the whole army continued to persist in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in the north and south of the Yangtze River.
This order is included in the second volume of the Selected Works of Mao Zedong.
On the same day, Mao Zedong, in the name of the spokesman of the Revolutionary Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee, delivered a speech to a Xinhua reporter about the incident in southern Anhui. The conversation put forward twelve ways to resolve the incident in southern Anhui, including demanding that the Kuomintang stop its provocations; cancel the reactionary order of January 17; punish the culprits; release Ye Ting; abolish the Kuomintang's one-party dictatorship and practice democratic politics. The final counsel of the speech is: If the above twelve points can be implemented, the situation will naturally calm down, and we in the Communist Party and the people of the whole country will not do anything more. Otherwise, "I am afraid of the worries of the season and the sun, not in the shadows, but within the Xiao Wall", and the reactionaries must lift stones and hit their own feet.
This conversation is included in the second volume of the Selected Works of Mao Zedong.
January 20, 1987
When Deng Xiaoping met with Zimbabwean Prime Minister Mugabe, he said of China's policy of opening up to the outside world: If a country wants to achieve true political independence, it must strive to get rid of poverty. To get rid of poverty, we must base ourselves on our own reality in economic and foreign policies, do not set obstacles for ourselves, and do not isolate ourselves from the world. China's implementation of the policy of opening up is correct and has received great benefits. If there is anything that is lacking, it is that it is not open enough. We want to continue to be open, more open. Because our ability to bear it is relatively large, coupled with the fact that we have correct policies, even if there are some negative things, it will not affect the fundamentals of our socialist system. Educating the people to adhere to the four cardinal principles fundamentally provides a fundamental guarantee for the healthy development of our cause. Part of this speech was titled "Strengthening Education on the Four Cardinal Principles and Adhering to the Policy of Reform and Opening Up" and was included in the third volume of Deng Xiaoping's Selected Writings.
January 20, 1988
When Deng Xiaoping met with Norwegian Prime Minister Mrs. Brundtland, he talked about China's development problems and pointed out: If China wants to develop, it is impossible to develop without international cooperation, without opening up, and behind closed doors. We have delayed for twenty years, and these twenty years are the twenty years of the sixties and the seventies, which is the twenty years of rapid development of the world economy and science and technology, and it is not easy for us to make up for the losses of these twenty years.
January 20, 1992
When listening to reports by Xie Fei, secretary of the Guangdong Provincial CPC Committee, and Li Hao, secretary of the Cpc Shenzhen Municipal CPC Committee, Deng Xiaoping pointed out in Shenzhen: The changes in The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe show that we can only take the socialist road. China cannot be chaotic. If China is in turmoil, it will be a disaster. We will not be able to achieve moderate prosperity until the end of this century, and with this step, we will catch up with the level of medium-developed countries. We don't have much time! The world market is also very tight and not easy to compete. Be a man with your tail between your legs.
January 20, 2000
When briefing the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on the "three stresses" situation, Jiang Zemin pointed out: Over the past ten years, we have always kept in mind Comrade Deng Xiaoping's political explanations and the great trust placed in us by the party and the people, and we have never dared to slacken off on the duties we have undertaken. What we are most concerned about are two major issues: One is to continuously strengthen party building, consolidate our party's ruling position, and enable our party to always become the core force leading the people of the whole country in carrying out reform, opening up, and socialist modernization; the other is to adhere to the basic line of "one center, two basic points," speed up economic development and all-round social progress, continuously enhance the mainland's comprehensive national strength, improve the people's living standards, and lay a strong foundation for material and spiritual civilization for the mainland's socialist system. This speech was entitled "Speech on the Situation of the "Three Stresses" of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee" and was included in the second volume of "Selected Writings of Jiang Zemin."
Party history looks back
In 1924
January 20-30 Under the auspices of Sun Yat-sen, the Kuomintang of China held its first national congress in Guangzhou. The congress adopted a declaration drafted with the participation of communists, with anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism as the main content, and defined the three major policies of the United Russia, the United Communist Party, and the support of peasants and workers, thus developing the old Three People's Principles into the new Three People's Principles. The congress elected Li Dazhao, Tan Pingshan, Mao Zedong, Lin Boqu, Qu Qiubai, and ten other Communist Party members as members and alternate members of the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee. This was followed by the reorganization of the Party Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee, with the Communists serving as the heads of the Organization Department and the Peasants' Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee, and the Workers' Department was in fact headed by communists. Subsequently, most parts of the country reorganized or established Kuomintang party departments at all levels with Communist Party members and leftists as the backbone. Thus the Kuomintang began to transform from a bourgeois party into a democratic revolutionary alliance of workers, peasants, the urban petty bourgeoisie and the bourgeoisie. When discussing the "Constitution of the Chinese Kuomintang," Fang Ruilin, a deputy from Guangzhou and a rightist member of the Kuomintang, opposed the "cross-party" of Communist Party members and advocated the addition of an article to the "Constitution" that "members of the Party shall not join other parties." Li Dazhao immediately made a speech to refute it, solemnly pointing out: "I have joined our party in order to make contributions to our party and contribute to the cause of the national revolution, and it is definitely not for the sake of taking advantage of the situation and becoming a communist movement in the name of the Kuomintang." "It is an honorable and upright act for us to join our own party and cross the inherent party membership." Li Dazhao's statement raised the banner of Sun Yat-sen's policy of uniting with the Communist Party and solemnly stated the principled stand of Communists in joining the Kuomintang. His statement was supported by most of the delegates, including Liao Zhongkai, who rejected the right-wing proposal.
In 1942
From January 20 to March 5, the Central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held its first enlarged meeting, and Liu Shaoqi made a basic summary of the work of Central China in the past three years and a report on the tasks ahead, stressing that the general task of the Communist Party in central China is to continue to persist in the War of Resistance behind enemy lines in central China and consolidate and develop the anti-Japanese base areas. After the meeting, the anti-Japanese base areas in central China strengthened the work of party building, political power building, economic construction, militia building, streamlining the administration of crack troops, and supporting the army and giving preferential treatment to subordinates.
In 1983
On January 20, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Circular on Strengthening Ideological and Political Work in Rural Areas. The "Circular" points out: At present and for some time to come, the task of the party's ideological and political work in the rural areas is to, in accordance with the strategic arrangements put forward by the Twelfth National Congress of the Party and centering on the central idea of the rural work of making the broad masses of peasants prosperous as soon as possible, and strive to use about three to five years to enable the broad masses of peasants to have a comprehensive and profound understanding of the spirit of the documents of the Twelfth National Congress and the party's principles and policies in the rural areas, dare to work hard to get rich, and achieve a balance between the interests of the state, the collective, and the individual; grass-roots cadres and party members have taken on a new look after rectifying the work style and studying The party style and social atmosphere have fundamentally improved.
In 1993
On January 20, guests from all walks of life and overseas in the capital gathered to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the birth of the late Honorary President of the People's Republic of China, Soong Ching Ling. In a lengthy speech, Jiang Zemin highly praised Soong Ching-ling as a great fighter for patriotism, democracy, internationalism, and communism.
Historical moments
On January 20, 1941, the Central Military Commission ordered the reconstruction of the New Fourth Army. The picture shows Liu Shaoqi reporting to the cadres of the new military headquarters of the New Fourth Army.
On January 20, 1992, Deng Xiaoping came to shenzhen Guomao Building and was warmly welcomed by the staff of the building.
Source: Website of the Central Party History Documentation Institute, Party History Fangzhi Office of the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China