On April 23, 1949, the People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing, the center of Kuomintang rule, marking the end of kuomintang reactionary rule.
Many people may be influenced by the battle scenes depicted in the film and television dramas of the Battle of crossing the River, believing that the People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing after many battles and paid heavy casualties before occupying Nanjing. In fact, the People's Liberation Army did go through a lot of battles in the battle of crossing the river before the occupation of Nanjing, but when it occupied the city of Nanjing, it basically did not go through any battles, and it can even be said that "soldiers do not have bloodshed", for the simple reason: because as early as a day ago, the Kuomintang troops guarding Nanjing ran out!
On April 20, 1949, peace talks between the Chinese Communists and the Nanjing authorities in Peiping finally broke down. On the night of April 20, Mao Zedong and Zhu De issued an order ordering the People's Liberation Army to march across the country and liberate all of China. On the evening of 20 July and 21, the People's Liberation Army launched a campaign to cross the yangtze river, riding the wind and waves on the qianli front from the mouth of Jiangxi Lake in the west to Jiangyin in Jiangsu in the east, and forcibly crossing the Yangtze River graben in three ways, in order to destroy the momentum of decay and decay, and smash the Yangtze River defense line that the Kuomintang had painstakingly managed for a long time.
The People's Liberation Army crosses the river
At the beginning of the civil war, there were about 110,000 Kuomintang military and police officers guarding Gyeonggi. Later, due to the longer and longer front, the troops became more and more dispersed. The people of Nanjing, under the leadership of the underground party, waged a struggle against Chiang Kai-shek's dictatorial regime, completely isolating chiang kai-shek's regime. Under the circumstances of the general trend, these military and police were reluctant to serve as a funeral for Chiang Kai-shek's regime, the navy, army and air force revolted one after another, and Nanjing was no longer able to garrison.
On April 22, after learning that the People's Liberation Army had broken through the Yangtze River, Tang Enbo ordered the general to retreat that afternoon. The city of Nanjing was suddenly in chaos, public officials and troops received orders to retreat and fled in a hurry, and the last train from Nanjing was full of people on the roof of the carriage, so that people fell down and fell to their deaths along the way. From the 22nd to the 23rd, the remaining military and policemen defending Nanjing left the Zhongshan Gate and fled along the Beijing-Hangzhou National Highway.
On April 23, the citizens of Nanjing woke up early in the morning to find themselves in a "vacuum zone", and the streets were in a mess except for the sparse sound of gunfire and the scattered soldiers of the Kuomintang. All day on the 23rd, Nanjing became an "empty city" without military and police garrisons.
The 35th Army of the Eighth Corps of the People's Liberation Army, which had received orders to occupy Nanjing, had been ordered to support other troops crossing the river, and the civilian ships in the north of the river had been plundered by the Kuomintang. The ships on the south bank were also cordoned off in the inland river. It was not until the evening of the 23rd that the soldiers of the 103rd Division found several small boats and sent scouts to sail south by boat.
The small boat was discovered by the duty officers of the capital power plant, and it was clear that it was the People's Liberation Army, and 6 boatmen were immediately transferred to drive the small steamer "Jingdian" at the coal terminal where they were hiding, and sailed to Pukou to take the PEOPLE's Liberation Army across the river. This was the first boat to cross the river to liberate Nanjing.
"The first boat to cross the river"
The workers also found a barge that could carry 200 or 300 people and carried the People's Liberation Army across the river. On the same day, the reconnaissance officers of the 104th Division connected with Tong Daxing, the owner of the Nanjing wooden boat, and Tong Daxing, regardless of his personal safety, made six round trips to transport a company of plausible PEOPLE's liberation army to the south bank. On the evening of the 23rd, Wang Detai, a worker at the Pukou Station Ferry Station, and others sailed the protected ferry "Pu slogan" and the tugboats "Lingping" and "Cangping" to the north shore. A few days later, the trestle was repaired, the "Pu slogan" was put into the ferry, and the large troops equipped with tanks, cars, and heavy weapons were able to cross the river smoothly.
In the early morning of the 24th, soldiers of the 2nd Battalion of the 312th Regiment of the 104th Division of the 35th Army of the People's Liberation Army rushed into the "Presidential Palace" under the guidance of the insurrectionary police and underground party organizations, and ripped off the Blue Sky and White Sun Flag. On a large glass-table desk in the "President's Office," the calendar flips to April 23.
The People's Liberation Army occupies the puppet presidential palace in Nanjing
Nanjing, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties and a famous historical and cultural city, has thus returned to the hands of the people.
In April 1990, General Chen Shiyu, who led the Sanye Eight Corps into Nanjing, said in a meeting with Chen Xiuliang, former secretary of the Nanjing Underground Party Committee: "Nanjing was actually peacefully liberated, and the underground party played a role in cooperating with the outside world. Most of the (Kuomintang) navy, army and air force have revolted, the enemy in Nanjing has fled, and the People's Liberation Army has been able to occupy Nanjing peacefully. (See Chen Xiuliang, former secretary of the Nanjing Underground Party Committee, in June 1990 to Song Renqian, Chen Xiuliang's Collected Writings, p. 138)?
The peaceful liberation of Nanjing is a successful example of internal and external cooperation. After the three major battles of Liaoshen, Pingjin, and Huaihai, the People's Liberation Army Chen Bing was north of the River, and the army pressed the border. Without this overall situation, Chiang Kai-shek would not have easily abandoned Nanjing and ordered him to abandon the city and flee. In particular, in the course of the strategic armageddon, the nanjing underground party successfully instigated the party, government, army, and police uprising of the reactionary government, and the masses rebelled against each other, leaving Chiang Kai-shek with no available army; the underground party also sent people to attack the kuomintang's core military organs and obtain core military intelligence, so that Chiang Kai-shek was in no danger of defending.
Oil painting "People's Liberation Army Occupies Nanjing"
The peaceful liberation of Nanjing, the smooth takeover of the People's Liberation Army, and the people of Nanjing thus avoided a baptism of fire and saved their lives and property from being destroyed.
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