Liao Chengzhi was the child of He Xiangning and Liao Zhongkai, and after the Arrival of the Red Army in Northern Shaanxi, Liao Chengzhi, who was proficient in many Chinese, was assigned to the Red China News Agency as a translator and presented the daily international dynamics to the central leadership. At that time, Chairman Mao would also come to Liao Chengzhi to learn about the work after busy work every night, and the two gradually became acquainted with each other and established a deep friendship.
Liao Chengzhi
Chairman Mao also made a very high evaluation of Liao Chengzhi: "He is a treasure in our party. Although He Xiangning and Chairman Mao were in different parties, they always maintained friendly exchanges.
In 1937, Chairman Mao received a gift from He Xiangning, and he was overjoyed, and immediately ordered someone to call Liao Chengzhi and ask him to write a letter to bring to his mother. In this regard, Liao Chengzhi said: "Chairman, you bring a stroke than I write a hundred sentences of Turin, and the mother of the family believes in you." In this way, Chairman Mao ghostwrote a letter to He Xiangning for Liao Chengzhi.
He Xiangning's friendly relations with the Chinese Communist Party
Although He Xiangning was a Kuomintang member, he had a very friendly relationship with the Communist Party. As early as the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, He Xiangning had a clear understanding of the Chinese Communist Party. And all this has to start with the period of the Great Revolution.
In 1923, the Kuomintang organization led by Sun Yat-sen was reorganized with the help of the Soviet Union and established a revolutionary regime for the third time in Guangzhou, at this time, at the request of the Comintern, the newly founded Communist Party of China was required to join the Kuomintang in its personal capacity, and in this way, the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party began. He Xiangning also began to contact Mao Zedong and gained a preliminary understanding of him.
He Xiangning
In 1924, the Kuomintang Congress was held, and He Xiangning attended as one of three women's representatives, and Mao Zedong also attended the meeting as a representative of Hunan, and was elected as an alternate member of the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee at this meeting.
The head of the Central Organization Department, which was originally headed by Liao Zhongkai, was ceded to the Communist Tan Pingshan, Lin Boqu was appointed as the first peasant minister, and the Communist Zhang Zhongfu was also allowed to participate in the opening of the Whampoa Military Academy. Not only that, but the Kuomintang also sent some Communists, including Zhou Enlai, to teach at the Whampoa Military Academy.
After that, He Xiangning was the head of the Women's Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee, while Mao Zedong was the acting head of the Kuomintang Central Propaganda Department. During this period, the workers' and peasants' movement and the women's movement in Guangdong, under the leadership of He Xiangning and Mao Zedong, set off a vigorous revolution. Although the two belonged to different parties, He Xiangning did not have the slightest prejudice against the Communist Party, and even had very close relations with the Communist Party.
On August 7, 1925, in a speech at the 18th Congress of Striking Workers in Hong Kong, He Xiangning said that although neither he nor Liao Zhongkai was a Communist Party, they decided that it was very necessary to be friendly with the Communist Party. He also agreed with the purpose of the Communist Party, saying that the aim of the Communist Party was to liberate the proletariat in general over the selfish capitalists.
At the Second National Congress of the Kuomintang, He Xiangning once again made a public statement: "We must cooperate with the Communist Party and work together to overthrow imperialism and achieve the success of our revolution." In July 1926, He Xiangning made it clear in his speech at the Whampoa Military Academy that the Communist Party is our friend.
In addition to reusing male Communists, He Xiangning also attached great importance to female Communists, and some of the practical work of the Women's Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee at that time, He Xiangning, was entrusted to Cai Chang. The work of the Guangdong Provincial Women's Department is all under the responsibility of Deng Yingchao.
In April 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched a counter-revolutionary coup, and the next night, He Xiangning made a public speech attacking Chiang Kai-shek's words and deeds. In July, after Wang Jingwei implemented the "separation of the Communists" and the "confluence of Ninghan and Han" in Wuhan, He Xiangning, in order to protect the Communists and the Leftists of the Kuomintang, wrote a letter to the Central Organization Department: "I am their leader, and I am not allowed to embarrass them if I have something to do with them." ”
When Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei continued to persist in their anti-communist sentences despite the advice, He Xiang resigned from all the Kuomintang posts in a fit of rage, and said: I will continue to interact with the Communist Party and the Soviets. In this way, He Xiangning and Chiang Kai-shek completely broke with each other.
9/18 Incident
After the "918" incident, He Xiangning actively responded to China's call to resist Japan, organized a "national disaster rescue team", and rushed to the northeast anti-Japanese battlefield. In 1935, China once again issued a call to stop the civil war and unanimously resist Japan, He Xiangning and others responded positively, and persuaded more people to sign the response and call, under her leadership, also persuaded the Nanjing government to jointly resist Japan, and promoted the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
In 1936, in order to rescue Shen Junru, Zou Taofen and others who were in prison, he Xiangning and Song Qingling launched the "National Salvation and Imprisonment Campaign" and issued the "Declaration of the National Salvation and Imprisonment Movement". At that time, Chairman Mao also greatly appreciated the actions of He Xiangning and others in his letter, saying:
"In today's affairs, only the struggle can be won. Mr. First-class people inherit the tradition of Mr. Sun, fight hard, set an example for the Chinese nation, and admire the people of the whole country! ”
After the establishment of the Anti-Japanese National United Front, no matter what kind of difficulties he encountered, He Xiangning always held high the banner of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and put the War of Resistance and the fate of the country in the first place.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, He Xiangning campaigned for the peace of the motherland, and in 1945, when he learned that Chairman Mao was preparing to go to Chongqing to negotiate with the Kuomintang, he immediately called Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong:
"In accordance with the Prime Minister's declaration on going north and his last words, he immediately summoned representatives of all political parties and sages from all walks of life to discuss the state of the country, and explicitly authorized the people to assemble, associate, discuss, and publish freely, and release all patriotic political prisoners."
When Chiang Kai-shek tore up the "Double Tenth Agreement" and a full-scale civil war broke out, it was also the time when Mao Zedong and He Xiangning had the closest contact.
As a non-party figure, He Xiangning always supported the leadership of the Communist Party and firmly followed the socialist road, which not only led to the three times of Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, but during that turbulent period, He Xiangning and Chairman Mao established a revolutionary friendship of mutual trust and mutual dependence.
In the long period of joint cooperation, He Xiangning also made a very high evaluation of Chairman Mao and the Communist Party: "The ideal of Dr. Sun Yat-sen is great, but the realization of Chairman Mao and the Communist Party far exceeds the ideal of Mr. Sun. ”
During the revolutionary period, He Xiangning and Chairman Mao supported and trusted each other, and in private, the interaction between the two did not stop there.
Chairman Mao received the mysterious gift and hurriedly summoned Liao Chengzhi
In 1925, at the age of 17, Liao Chengzhi joined the Kuomintang, and under the influence of his mother He Xiangning, liao chengzhi broke away from the Kuomintang in 1927 after the "April 12" incident and joined the Chinese Communist Party the following year.
Liao Chengzhi and his mother He Xiangning
Soon after Liao Chengzhi joined the Communist Party, he began the Long March. Because of his opposition to Zhang Guotao's left-leaning line during the Long March, Liao Chengzhi was charged with "secret agent". Zhou Enlai also established a deep relationship with Liao Zhongkai over the years, so when Liao Zhongkai was assassinated, Zhou Enlai was particularly concerned about He Xiangning and several of her children.
In September 1936, the Red Second and Fourth Fronts reached the Yellow River, and when Zhou Enlai discovered Liao Chengzhi's situation in the Red Army, he immediately decided to rescue him. That night, Zhou Enlai called Liao Chengzhi to the headquarters, and the two staged a big drama in front of Zhang Guotao that the child confessed to the parents.
In fact, if Zhou Enlai had not come, Zhang Guotao would have prepared to execute him, but Zhou Enlai reprimanded Liao Chengzhi in person that night, giving Zhang Guotao enough face, and Zhang Guotao was discouraged and let Liao Chengzhi go.
Zhou Enlai skillfully saved Liao Chengzhi, and also added an outstanding diplomat to the new China after that, and also made Liao Chengzhi make many contributions to the party and the revolution after that.
In January 1937, Liao Chengzhi successfully came to Yan'an to meet Chairman Mao, and Zhou Enlai also informed He Xiangning of the news.
Chairman Mao
In 1937, Chairman Mao received a gift from Shanghai in a cave dwelling in Yan'an, and this gift was a set of wolf pens, a copy of her own "Painting Collection" and a copy of Liao Zhongkai's "Double Qing Cicao" that He Xiangning had brought to Chairman Mao.
Chairman Mao, who had always liked calligraphy, was overjoyed to see these gifts and hurriedly ordered someone to find Liao Chengzhi. Soon, Liao Chengzhi came to Chairman Mao's cave, and liao Chengzhi was confused by Chairman Mao's sudden summons, so when he asked Chairman Mao what was going on, Chairman Mao said happily: "Comrade Chengzhi, come and see what your mother brought." In this regard, Liao Chengzhi had some doubts, what did his mother bring?
And when he saw the "Double Clear Word Grass", he couldn't help but burst into tears, and he deeply felt his mother's heart. Speaking of this "Double Qing Cicao", we must also start from the marriage of He Xiangning and Liao Zhongkai, when they lived in a small room on the roof of Liao Zhongkai's brother's house, where the two spent the best time.
They read poems during the day to talk about politics, and at night they admired the moon together, whenever the moon was full, the two of them touched the scenery and wrote a poem that suited the scene, and later the two named this dilapidated hut "Shuangqing Lou", and He Xiangning called himself "Shuangqing Lou Lord", and also named his own poetry and paintings "Shuangqing Poetry Painting Collection", Liao Zhongkai also titled his poem "Shuangqing Poetry Grass" in order to echo his wife.
He Xiangning and Liao Zhongkai
Since then, "Shuangqing" has become a unique name for the two, and the poems written by Liao Chengzhi after this have also followed in the footsteps of his parents and signed themselves as "Descendants of Shuangqing". Since then, the collection of Liao Zhongkai and He Xiangning has also been called the "Collection of Shuangqing Anthology". Therefore, when Liao Chengzhi saw his father's "Double Qing Cicao" here, he couldn't help but burst into tears, which reminded him of those happy and happy days when he used to live with his parents.
Looking at Liao Chengzhi, who was out of control, Chairman Mao said with emotion: "Your mother is an outstanding woman, but you, the only son, are not spoiled, and dedicate your most beloved relatives to the revolution." Although it is only a few short words, it is full of Chairman Mao's deep respect for He Xiangning, who has always run for the revolution for so many years and firmly supported the communist party's ideas, and the Communist Party of China can come to the present, He Xiangning is indispensable.
Chairman Mao, who was full of thoughts, took out a box of cigarettes in his pocket, drew out one and handed it to Liao Chengzhi, and the two of them chatted like this, Chairman Mao knew that He Xiangning was thinking of his son when he gave himself gifts, so Chairman Mao suggested that Liao Chengzhi write a letter to his mother, and someone would immediately go to Shanghai to bring it for him.
Liao Chengzhi nodded seriously, but when he was ready to write, he stopped the movement in his hand, he thought about it, he wrote to his mother in addition to reporting peace, there is nothing to say, you can't delay the traffic to the white area because of his private affairs, so he thought of letting Chairman Mao ghostwrite, so Liao Chengzhi said: "Chairman, you bring a stroke than I write a hundred words turin, the mother believes in you." ”
Chairman Mao smiled and agreed to Liao Chengzhi's request, but he made a request that he could ghostwrite for him, but he would pay for the polishing. Liao Chengzhi knew that Chairman Mao was joking, so he also smiled and agreed: "When the salary is paid, I will invite you to eat peanuts and rice." ”
Liao Chengzhi's words made Chairman Mao laugh. In this way, Chairman Mao waved a big hand, and after a while he wrote a letter with great enthusiasm.
Mr. Xiang Ning:
The gift of pens, the gift of paintings, and the "Double Clear Word Grass" were all received, and I am very grateful. There is nothing to answer Sir, only to do more work as a thank you. Sir's paintings are full of the meaning of struggle, and although I don't know how to paint them, I also feel good. Today's events, only the struggle can be won. Mr. First-class people inherit mr. Sun's tradition, fight hard, set an example for the Chinese nation, and admire the people of the whole country, not just a few people such as Zedong. Chengzhi is very good here, everyone thinks he is good, I hope not to worry about it. Ten years have not seen Mr. Zhi, I know that I am older, but my heart is younger, which is what everyone thinks...
Congratulations
healthy!
Mao Zedong on
June 25
Liao Chengzhi inherited his father's business and tried to open the door to cross-strait cooperation
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Liao Chengzhi was responsible for the affairs of Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and overseas Chinese for a long time, and in order to continue to promote friendly relations between the two sides of the strait, Liao Chengzhi decided to ask the central authorities to restore the tomb of Chiang Kai-shek's ancestors. Although many people did not agree with Liao Chengzhi's decision, he still believed that this matter must be done, and he believed that everything should now focus on the interests of the nation and the reunification of the motherland, so under Liao Chengzhi's arrangement, the local department quickly repaired the tomb of the Jiang family.
Chen Xiangmei
In 1981, Liao Chengzhi's niece Chen Xiangmei brought Reagan's handwritten letter to Deng Xiaoping, and on the same day, Deng Xiaoping and Liang Chengzhi and his wife received Chen Xiangmei at the Great Hall of the People. Just before leaving, Liao Chengzhi said to his niece: Give Jiang Jingguo a word, the tomb of the Jiang family has been renovated, and if he wants to come back to visit the tomb, we are very welcome.
On July 24, 1982, Liao Chengzhi sent an open letter to Chiang Ching-kuo in the People's Daily, which caused a great shock at home and abroad for a time. In fact, Liao Chengzhi's open letter was not sudden, not only was it published out of Liao Chengzhi's own wishes, but it was also an arrangement for Deng Yingchao's work on Taiwan.
In fact, just a year before the publication of the open letter, the mainland formulated countermeasures against the economic, trade, and cultural conditions on both sides of the strait and formulated a policy toward Taiwan for realizing peaceful reunification. Therefore, on October 9, 1981, Hu Yaobang, as a representative of the Communist Party of China, invited Chiang Ching-kuo and others to return to their hometown to have a look.
Deng Yingchao sensed Chiang Ching-kuo's strong homesickness in an article mourning his father. To this end, she immediately held a meeting and decided that Liao Chengzhi would write an open letter to Chiang Ching-kuo.
Deng Yingchao
At that time, Liao Chengzhi was undoubtedly the most suitable candidate. Chiang Ching-kuo and Liao Chengzhi were not only childhood friends, but also classmates who studied in Moscow. Moreover, Liao Chengzhi's parents were also the heads of the Kuomintang, and in the later revolution, Chiang Kai-shek and Liao Zhongkai were both sun yat-sen's confidants, so Liao Chengzhi and Chiang Ching-kuo were not only the same window but also the family friends.
Although the two were both Kuomintang sons, they chose different paths afterwards. After 58 years, Liao Chengzhizi inherited his father's business, once again shouldered the heavy responsibility of reunifying the two sides of the strait, and was ready to try to open the door of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party again.
Therefore, Liao Chengzhi shouted at Chiang Ching-kuo in the People's Daily, hoping to put the interests of the country and the nation first and realize the reunification of the motherland. Although the letter was published in liao chengzhi's personal name at the time, it actually represented the welcome of the CPC Central Committee for Chiang Ching-kuo's return to his hometown.
Liao Chengzhi's letter is sincere and sincere, and not only recounts the history of the two cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, but also in it the policies of the Communist Party of China mentioned above, and exhorts Chiang Ching-kuo to shoulder the responsibility of history and reach reunification through peaceful negotiations with the motherland.
It was impossible for Chiang Ching-kuo not to respond to Liao Chengzhi's open letter, so he invited Deputy Song Meiling to write a reply to Liao Chengzhi explaining his attitude toward the reunification of the motherland.
July 24, 1982 Liao Chengzhi wrote a letter to Chiang Ching-kuo
Although Chiang Ching-kuo took a tough stance in his reply, privately he was already considering the issue of cross-strait reunification. To this end, Shen Cheng, as Chiang Kai-shek's secret envoy, has repeatedly traveled to the two sides of the strait to convey information.
In 1985, Chiang Ching-kuo's physical condition deteriorated, and he became more urgent about contact with the mainland, so after that he clearly instructed Shen Cheng to strengthen ties with the top leaders of the mainland, so later, Shen Cheng, on behalf of Chiang Ching-kuo, had the opportunity to meet with Deng Xiaoping, Deng Yingchao, Ye Jianying, and other central leaders.
Later, Chiang Ching-kuo also received a handwritten letter from Yang Shangkun, and this letter also opened Chiang Ching-kuo's heart and decided to negotiate with the mainland. To this end, Chiang Ching-kuo decided to abandon the "three noes" policy, opened up family visits to the mainland, opened the door of isolation between the two sides of the strait, and took the first step in cross-strait exchanges and cooperation.
And all this should also be attributed to Liao Chengzhi's work, and it is precisely because of his efforts that cross-strait relations can once again open dialogue.
He Xiangning and Liao Chengzhi
From He Xiangning running for the kmt-communist cooperation three times to Liao Chengzhizi taking over his father's business and reopening cross-strait dialogue, the mother and son have made indelible contributions to the relations between the KMT and the CPC, and have worked hard for the construction and reunification of the motherland. Although they are gone many years later, as Chinese, we must never forget their contributions and dedications.