The Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party's Centennial Struggle adopted by the Sixth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China adheres to the materialist view of history and the correct view of Party history, comprehensively summarizes the major achievements and historical experiences of the Party's century-old struggle, and focuses on summarizing the historical achievements, historic changes and accumulated valuable experiences made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Party in uniting and leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to forge ahead into the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The centenary of the founding of the party is not only a hundred years in which the Chinese nation ushered in a great leap from standing up and getting rich to becoming strong, but also a hundred years in which our party has led the people to constantly pursue the rule of law, explore the rule of law, build the rule of law, and strictly implement the rule of law. When presiding over the 35th collective study of the Politburo of the Central Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that the mainland is in a critical period of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and it is necessary to better play the role of the rule of law in consolidating the fundamentals, stabilizing expectations and benefiting the long term, and better promote the construction of the socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics. To learn from history and create the future, we must further unify our thinking, understanding, and actions, always adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, accelerate the construction of a rule of law China with good law and good governance, and provide a strong rule of law guarantee for the realization of the second centenary goal and the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Profoundly grasp the glorious course and major achievements of our party in leading the construction of the rule of law
Over the past one hundred years, our party has united and led the people in various historical periods of revolution, construction, and reform, persistently integrated Marxist theory on the rule of law with China's specific reality, and successfully opened up a path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics that conforms to the national conditions of the mainland, wins the support of the people, and has remarkable advantages.
During the period of the new-democratic revolution, the Party led the people to formulate a large number of laws and decrees, such as the Jinggangshan Land Law, the Outline of the Constitution of the Chinese Soviet Republic, the Administrative Program of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, and the Organizational Outline of the North China People's Government, created and popularized the "Ma Xi Five Trial Methods", and adopted the "Common Program of the Political Consultative Conference of the Chinese" in September 1949, which played the role of a provisional constitution. During this period, while carrying out revolution and fighting bloody battles, our party also carried out rich theoretical and practical explorations in the legal system in consolidating the achievements of the revolution, establishing a united front, and promoting revolutionary struggle, thus accumulating valuable experience for carrying out the construction of socialist rule of law after the founding of New China.
During the period of socialist revolution and construction, the Party led the people to formulate a series of laws and decrees such as the Marriage Law, the Land Reform Law, and the Regulations on punishing corruption, and in September 1954, the first Constitution of New China was adopted, and various organic laws such as the Organic Law of the National People's Congress and the Organic Law of the State Council were promulgated. During this period, our party attached great importance to giving play to the important role of the rule of law in promoting socialist construction, constantly improved the state system and legal system, and built a relatively complete legislative, administrative, and judicial system, which provided a strong guarantee for consolidating political power and the achievements of revolutionary victory and establishing a political, economic, social, and legal order.
In the new period of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the principle of "there are laws to follow, laws must be followed, law enforcement must be strict, and violations must be investigated", and a large number of important laws and regulations such as the Criminal Law, the Law on Sino-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures, the Law on Environmental Protection, the Law on Administrative Procedure, the Law on Administrative Reconsideration, and the Law on Food Safety have been promulgated successively. The current Constitution of the Mainland was adopted in December 1982; The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China established the rule of law as the basic strategy for the Party to lead the people to govern the country; In March 1999, "implementing the rule of law and building a socialist country ruled by law" was enshrined in the Constitution; In March 2011, the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics was formed. During this period, under the leadership of the party, the state and all aspects of society achieved a law to rely on, and the construction of socialist rule of law developed in an all-round way, effectively guaranteeing and promoting reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core positions the rule of law, layout the rule of law, and strictly implements the rule of law from the overall and strategic height of the development of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, proposes to comprehensively govern the country according to law, and incorporates it into the "four comprehensive" strategic layout system planning and overall advancement; The Fourth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China conducted special research and deployment on promoting the comprehensive rule of law, and put forward the overall goal of building a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics and a socialist country ruled by law; The Third Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to establish the Central Committee for Comprehensively Ruling the Country in Accordance with the Law to strengthen the Party's centralized and unified leadership over the comprehensive rule of law; Grasp the general grasp of the construction of the socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, and comprehensively promote legal norms, rule of law implementation, rule of law supervision, rule of law guarantees, and the construction of intra-Party regulation systems; Enshrine in the Constitution that "the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics"; Formulate the Civil Code, promulgate a series of important laws and regulations such as the Supervision Law, the Foreign Investment Law, the Personal Information Protection Law, and the Regulations on the Registration and Management of Market Entities, and continuously improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics; Adhere to the organic unity of governing the country according to law and governing the party according to rules, and form a relatively perfect system of inner-party laws and regulations; The "Seventh Five-Year Plan" law popularization work has been successfully completed, the implementation of the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" law popularization plan has been launched, and the concept of rule of law in the whole society has been significantly improved. In November 2020, the Central Working Conference on Comprehensively Ruling the Country According to Law was held to establish the guiding position of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law in comprehensively ruling the country according to law. Under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, the Socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics has been continuously improved, solid steps have been taken in the construction of a rule of law China, and historic achievements and historic changes have been made in comprehensively governing the country according to law.
The centennial journey is magnificent, and the centennial struggle has achieved brilliant achievements. Looking at the development process of rule of law construction on the mainland over the past 100 years, from the party leading the people to explore the road of rule of law construction suited to China's national conditions and solving China's problems, to unswervingly taking the road of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics; From the Party leading the construction of the rule of law in the revolutionary base areas to the Party's implementation of the basic strategy of governing the country according to law under the historical conditions of long-term ruling power, and promoting the comprehensive rule of law; From the formulation and introduction of a special legal system, to the systematic construction and overall promotion of the construction of a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, we have made arduous explorations and forged ahead, and have made major achievements that have attracted worldwide attention. Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, we have entered a new stage guided by Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, deeply promoted the comprehensive rule of law, and opened a new journey of building a Socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics and a socialist country ruled by law; It has entered a new stage of jointly advancing the rule of law, ruling according to law, and administering according to law, and the integrated construction of a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law, and a society ruled by law, and the level of construction of a rule of law China has been comprehensively improved; It has entered a new stage of using the rule of law to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and the role of the rule of law in national governance has become more prominent; It has entered a new stage of striving to meet the people's multi-level and multi-field rule of law needs, and the people's sense of happiness and security has been continuously enhanced; It has entered a new stage of coordinating the overall situation at home and abroad and strengthening the construction of the rule of law, and the strategic layout of foreign-related rule of law work has been accelerated. The great practice of comprehensively governing the country according to law has advanced with the times in the course of reform, consolidated and deepened in the course of development, and written a new and beautiful chapter in the history of the construction of the rule of law in China and the development of the world's rule of law civilization.
Systematically sum up the valuable experience of our party in leading the construction of the rule of law
Over the past one hundred years, in the process of uniting and leading the people to promote the building of the rule of law, our party has continuously deepened its understanding of major theoretical and practical issues such as why and how to comprehensively govern the country according to law, constantly deepened its understanding of the objective laws governing the rule of law, and accumulated a series of valuable experiences.
Adhere to the party's leadership. The party's leadership is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the most fundamental guarantee for the socialist rule of law. Implementing the party's leadership throughout the entire process and in all aspects of ruling the country according to law, and transforming the party's policy propositions into state laws through legal procedures is a basic experience in the construction of socialist rule of law on the mainland. We must always uphold the party's centralized and unified leadership over comprehensively ruling the country according to law, and constantly improve the ability and level of the party's leadership to govern the country according to law and govern according to law.
Adhere to the supremacy of the people. The foundation of the Communist Party of China lies in the people, the blood is in the people, and the strength is in the people. In all periods of revolution, construction, and reform, our party has always adhered to the rule of law construction for the people, relying on the people, benefiting the people, and protecting the people, thus winning the trust, support, and support of the broadest masses of the people. It is necessary to systematically study, plan, and resolve prominent problems that the masses of the people in the field of rule of law have strongly complained about, and constantly enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
Adhere to thought leadership. Flags lead the way. Over the past hundred years, our party has adhered to the integration of Marxist theory on the rule of law with China's specific reality, and has continued to promote the continuous innovation and development of the rule of law construction in various historical periods. Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law is the latest achievement in the sinification of Marxist rule of law theory, and we must always adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, and better transform the truth power and practical requirements of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law into the vivid practice of building a socialist country ruled by law.
Stick to the right path. The road determines destiny. Our party leads the construction of socialist rule of law, always adheres to basing itself on China's national conditions and reality, and takes its own road. The major achievements made in the construction of the rule of law in the past century boil down to one, that is, they have opened up the road of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. We must adhere to and expand the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, strengthen confidence, maintain concentration, accelerate the construction of a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, and consolidate the foundation of the rule of law for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Insist on serving the big picture. When the rule of law prospers, the nation prospers, and when the rule of law is strong, the country is strong. Our party has promoted the guarantee of the rule of law and the central work of serving different historical periods, consolidated the revolutionary political power, guaranteed the achievements of construction, served reform and opening up, and promoted the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities, and achieved achievements that have attracted worldwide attention. We must make overall plans for the overall situation of the great rejuvenation strategy of the Chinese nation and the major changes in the world that have not occurred in a hundred years, build the foundation of the rule of law, the strength of the rule of law, and the momentum of the rule of law, so as to provide a long-term institutional guarantee for the development of the cause of the party and the country.
Adhere to the integrity of innovation. Only those who keep the right advance, only the innovator is strong, and only the right innovator wins. The centenary course of our party's leadership in the construction of the rule of law is a process of constantly answering new tasks and new needs put forward by the times, deepening the construction of the rule of law, and a process of grasping the law of socialist rule of law construction, developing in the course of inheritance, and innovating in the course of keeping the right. We must unswervingly advance theoretical, practical, and institutional innovations in the rule of law, deeply advance reform in the field of rule of law, and constantly create a new situation of comprehensively ruling the country according to law.
Strive to promote the great practice of comprehensively governing the country according to law in the new era
Enter a new journey and build a new era of merit. We must deeply study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, carry forward the great spirit of party building, deeply study and comprehend the decisive significance of the "two establishments", firmly and consciously achieve the "two safeguards", draw wisdom and strength from the major achievements and historical experience of the party's century-old struggle, deeply study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on the rule of law, firmly grasp the general grasp of the socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, and accelerate the construction of a rule of law China. Provide a solid legal guarantee for comprehensively building a socialist modern power and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Persist in holding high the banner and forging the soul of politics. The plenary session pointed out that Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is contemporary Chinese Marxism and 21st century Marxism. Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law is an important part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and is the fundamental observance and action guide for comprehensively ruling the country according to law in the new era. On the new journey, we must strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences", achieve the "two safeguards", continuously improve political judgment, political understanding, and political execution, and unremittingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to arm the mind, guide practice, and promote work. We must uphold the party's leadership. Unswervingly uphold the party's centralized and unified leadership over comprehensively ruling the country according to law, implement the party's leadership throughout the entire process and in all aspects of comprehensively ruling the country according to law, and build the soul of socialist rule of law construction. It is necessary to strengthen theoretical armament. Deeply study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, accurately grasp the core essence and spiritual essence, and strive to achieve integration, integration of knowledge and action, and true faith and practice. Be in the right direction. Maintain strategic determination, enhance self-confidence in the road, firmly grasp the characterization of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and unswervingly take the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. It is necessary to improve the rule of law system. Accelerate the construction of a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics that is rooted in Chinese culture, based on China's national conditions, and solves China's problems, and will never copy the models and practices of other countries.
Adhere to the people's position and always abide by the heart of the people. The plenary session pointed out that the broadest and deepest foundation for comprehensively ruling the country according to law is the people, and it is necessary to implement the whole process of embodying the people's interests, reflecting the people's wishes, safeguarding the people's rights and interests, and improving the people's well-being in all fields of comprehensively ruling the country according to law. On the new journey, we must always maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the people, adhere to the people's dominant position, respect the people's initiative spirit, practice the people-centered development thinking, and use a high level of rule of law to protect the masses' high-quality life. We must truly serve the people. Take the people's satisfaction as the first criterion for measuring the effectiveness of the construction of the rule of law, and constantly improve the legal system necessary to meet the people's growing needs for a better life. We must rely on the people sincerely. Implement and embody the major concepts and practical requirements of people's democracy in the whole process of development, improve the working mechanism for absorbing public opinion and gathering people's wisdom, and truly let the people feel that the construction of the rule of law is around, has practical measures, and sees results. It is necessary to truly benefit the people. Actively respond to the people's new needs and expectations for the construction of the rule of law, enhance the credibility of law enforcement and justice, accurately provide public legal services, and strive to make the results of rule of law construction fairer, more convenient and more efficient to benefit all the people.
Adhere to serving the overall situation and improving the effectiveness of governance. The plenary session stressed that it is necessary to adhere to the system concept, comprehensively promote the overall layout of the "five-in-one", coordinate the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, base on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, and promote high-quality development. The rule of law is a reliable guarantee for economic and social development. On the new journey, we must coordinate the two overall situations at home and abroad, bear in mind the "great power of the country", strengthen the awareness of the overall situation, perform our duties, and scrupulously fulfill our duties. We must focus on the overall situation. Always keep the overall situation in mind, closely follow the overall situation, and integrate into the overall situation, and earnestly ensure that wherever the work of the party and the state center progresses, the rule of law guarantees and legal services will be followed up, the forces will be gathered, and the role will be brought into play. We must strive to serve the overall situation. Find coordinates and accurate positioning around the center and serve the overall situation, take the initiative to serve and ensure major national development strategies, strengthen legislation in key areas, emerging fields, and foreign-related fields, promote strict standardization of fair and civilized law enforcement, and use rule of law thinking and rule of law methods to serve reform, development and stability. We must make every effort to safeguard the overall situation. To thoroughly implement the overall national security concept and make overall plans for development and security, we must not only focus on promoting economic and social development, but also make every effort to safeguard national security and social stability, so as to escort the comprehensive construction of a socialist modern power.
Adhere to the reform first, enhance the power of innovation. The plenary session pointed out that reform and opening up is a great awakening of the party, a great revolution in the history of the development of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation, and a key move to determine the future and destiny of contemporary China. The more deeply we go through reform and opening up, the more we must emphasize the rule of law, and the more complex the development environment, the more we must emphasize the rule of law. On the new journey, we must persist in increasing the vitality of reform, promoting innovation and empowerment, continuously deepening the reform of the rule of law, effectively resolving prominent problems in the field of rule of law, breaking down institutional and institutional obstacles, and continuously advancing the great cause of comprehensively ruling the country according to law. It is necessary to design at the top level to promote reform. Make the implementation of the plan for the construction of a rule of law China, the implementation outline of the rule of law government and the construction of a rule of law society an important carrier for the work of comprehensively governing the country according to law, and fully integrate the construction of the rule of law into the economic and social development of the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. It is necessary to give prominence to the key points of reform. Make the construction of a rule of law government a key task and main project for comprehensively ruling the country according to law, strive to create a market-oriented, rule-of-law, and international business environment, strengthen the construction of a coordination and supervision system for administrative law enforcement with full coverage at the four levels of provinces, cities, counties, and townships, fully implement the reform requirements of the administrative reconsideration system, and promote breakthroughs in the construction of a rule of law government. It is necessary to uphold the principle of innovation and seek reform. Take innovation as the first driving force, resolutely break the ideological concept of conformism and self-sufficiency, improve the social fairness and justice rule of law guarantee system, accelerate the construction of a systematic, standardized and efficient law enforcement judicial restraint and supervision system, and effectively improve the comprehensive efficiency of reform.
Adhere to historical self-confidence and bravely shoulder the responsibility of forging ahead. The plenary session explained the outstanding contributions made by the party to the cause of Chinese people, the Chinese nation, Marxism, and human progress. The fundamental reason why our party has been able to lead the people to achieve major achievements in the construction of the rule of law lies in the fact that we have integrated the basic principles of Marxist rule of law theory with the specific reality of China's rule of law construction and with China's excellent traditional legal culture, summed up the law of socialist rule of law construction with Chinese characteristics, and promoted the grand practice of comprehensively ruling the country according to law. On the new journey, we must proceed from the reality of the mainland, highlight Chinese characteristics, practical characteristics, and characteristics of the times, and constantly enhance our self-confidence in the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. It is necessary to carry forward the excellent legal culture. Deeply excavate the essence of traditional Chinese legal culture, strengthen research and elaboration, public popularization, inheritance and application, so that China's excellent traditional legal culture will glow with new vitality. It is necessary to inherit the red rule of law gene. Pay attention to summarizing the glorious history and successful practice of the Party leading the people to carry out rule of law construction, organize and carry out activities such as publicizing and popularizing the red rule of law culture, disseminating and exchanging it, and vigorously carry forward the red rule of law culture. It is necessary to promote publicity on the rule of law to the outside world. Tell well the story of the CPC's pursuit, exploration, construction, and advancement of the construction of the rule of law, tell a good job of the rule of law connotation and rule of law proposition of building a community with a shared future for mankind, and continuously enhance the international influence and discourse power of the mainland's rule of law system and rule of law theory.
Adhere to the solid foundation and consolidate the foundation of the cause. The plenary session stressed the need to cultivate a large number of successors who are worthy of the heavy responsibilities of the times. Building a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law, and a society ruled by law, and realizing scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and compliance with the law by the whole people, are all inseparable from a high-quality rule of law work force. On the new journey, we must improve the system for cultivating rule of law talents, strive to cultivate more rule of law talents with firm ideals and convictions, strong feelings for the family and the country, and solid legal roots, and strive to build a socialist rule of law work force that is loyal to the party, the country, the people, and the law. It is necessary to strengthen the building of the contingent Put education in ideals and beliefs in the first place, vigorously improve the ideological and political quality, professional work ability, and professional ethics of the rule of law special contingent, and continuously promote the construction of revolutionization, regularization, specialization, and professionalism. Strengthen political guidance for the ranks of lawyers, educate and guide the broad masses of lawyers to consciously abide by the basic requirements of supporting the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the socialist rule of law on the mainland, and strive to be good lawyers satisfied by the party and the people. Accelerate the development of legal service teams such as notarization, judicial appraisal, arbitration, and mediation, guiding legal service workers to practice in good faith in accordance with laws and regulations, and conscientiously performing social responsibilities. It is necessary to seize the "key minority". Promote local party and government principal responsible persons at all levels to truly perform their duties as the first responsible person for advancing the establishment of the rule of law, complete and improve systems for leading cadres to study and use the law, and increase the ability to use rule of law thinking and rule of law methods to deepen reform, promote development, resolve contradictions, maintain stability, and respond to risks. It is necessary to carry forward the spirit of struggle. Dare to struggle, be good at struggle, make full use of rule of law thinking, rule of law methods, and rule of law forces, effectively respond to challenges, effectively prevent risks, and firmly safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests.
Source: Learning Times
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