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Electric vehicles as almost every household is necessary for short-distance transportation tools, because the price is not expensive, flexible and practical, parking convenience and other reasons, is a very practical travel tool, and, electric vehicles in the choice, is also very convenient, only need to look for the battery equipped with electric vehicles, choose a high-quality battery, that means that the choice of "good electric vehicles".
The battery of the early electric vehicle, only lead-acid battery, with the development of electric vehicle technology, now can carry more and more types of batteries, common including lead-acid batteries, graphene batteries, lithium batteries these 3 kinds, then, what are the differences between them? Which is more cost-effective and practical for electric vehicles? The little connoisseur will explain to you in detail today to let you know how to choose.
What is a lead-acid battery?
Structural principle: The main structure of lead-acid batteries includes: plates, separators, electrolytes, shells, and raw materials for manufacturing do not include metal lead, lead dioxide, sulfuric acid and plastics, etc., its working principle: when charging, the positive and negative plates will produce lead sulfate when charging decomposition and reduction into sulfuric acid, lead and hydrogen peroxide, so that the concentration of electrolyte inside the battery gradually increases, so that it returns to the concentration before discharge, which is the process of charging.
Development history: lead-acid batteries are found and applied to be very historical types of batteries, it was invented as early as 1859, it was widely used in the 50s of the last century, and it is still one of the main batteries equipped with electric vehicles.
What is a graphene battery?
Structural principle: The essence of the graphene battery is the lead-acid battery, the charging principle is also the same, but it adds graphene elements in the raw materials of manufacturing, and the density of the lead plate is appropriately increased, so that the battery is different from the ordinary lead-acid battery in durability and power storage capacity.
Development history: the graphene battery time carried by electric vehicles is not long, but in recent years, more representative, Yadi took the lead in releasing graphene batteries in June 2019, and other electric vehicle brands in the industry have also followed up, and currently graphene batteries have also become the "new favorite" of some high-end models.
What is a lithium battery?
Structural principle: The main structure of lithium batteries includes: positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, diaphragm, and its manufacturing materials are mainly nickel, cobalt and manganese polymers, and the negative electrode battery also exists graphite and other substances, the electrolyte is not sulfuric acid, generally by high-purity organic solvents, electrolyte lithium salts and other substances modulated; the principle of charging: When the external voltage is applied to the external terminal, the discharge reaction is strongly reversed, and the lithium ion is detached from the positive crystal lattice, through the electrolyte, embedded in the negative crystal lattice, and complete the charging.
Development history: Although lithium batteries were proposed and studied as early as 1912, the real invention and manufacture was in 1970, creating the first commercial lithium battery, and its wide application is after 1990, it was applied to many electronic products, and today, it is also one of the main batteries of electric vehicles, especially high-end electric vehicles, mostly equipped with lithium batteries.
What are the differences between the 3 types of batteries?
The above for everyone to introduce the basic situation of lead-acid batteries, graphene batteries, lithium batteries, since these 3 kinds of batteries are common, not replaced by each other, indicating that they each have irreplaceable advantages, below, let's understand what difference they will have.
First of all, the price difference, these 3 kinds of batteries, lithium batteries are the best 1 kind of synthesis, but it does not cover other battery types, a big reason is that it is too expensive, and these 3 kinds of batteries, the price is also very clear in the middle and low grades, to 48V20AH batteries as an example, lithium batteries in about 1200 yuan, graphene batteries in about 800 yuan, lead-acid batteries in about 600 yuan.
Secondly, the difference in performance performance, the most important thing about the battery is life and endurance, theoretically speaking, the higher the price, the longer the usual life, the higher the endurance, these 3 kinds of batteries in the performance of life, lithium battery cycle charging times can reach 1200 times, can be used for about 5 years, and graphene batteries can reach 800 times to 1000 times, with 4 years is not a problem, lead-acid batteries only 300 to 500 times, generally used 2 to 3 years;
In terms of endurance, the difference is also relatively large, and the endurance is mainly related to the energy density, the energy density of lithium batteries is 120-180WH/KG, the energy density of graphene batteries is 80-120WH/KG, the energy density of lead-acid batteries is only 40-70WH/KG, taking 48V20AH batteries as an example, normally speaking, lithium batteries can last 80 kilometers, graphene batteries can last 70 kilometers, and lead-acid batteries can only last 50 kilometers.
Finally, the difference in safety performance, the use of electric vehicles is not safe is a problem that many car owners will worry about, and compared with life, the higher the price of the battery, the longer the life, the safety is not this law, from the perspective of charging safety hazards, the most expensive lithium battery is a greater hidden danger, and graphene batteries and lead-acid batteries, there is no concern about spontaneous combustion.
Lead-acid batteries, graphene batteries, lithium batteries, which is more practical for electric vehicles? More cost-effective?
The above has introduced in detail the differentiation of lead-acid batteries, graphene batteries, lithium batteries and the basic situation of batteries, then, for car owners, these 3 kinds of batteries, how to choose more practical, more cost-effective? Little connoisseurs feel that there is no absolute standard answer, which is determined by your car needs.
If you are only commuting to work for a short distance, buying vegetables and picking up children, especially using electric bicycles, and charging at home, the first choice is lead-acid batteries, which are safer and cheaper, enough to meet the needs of daily short-distance travel.
If you are used to run takeaway, or often have some high-intensity, long-distance travel, a day to run forty or fifty kilometers, then, lead-acid batteries can not meet the needs of the car, this time to rely on large-capacity lithium batteries, it is not only long life, running far, but also has the advantages of light weight, and with high-power motors, can make its advantages fully played.
If you want to use it for medium and long-distance travel, but also to charge at home, pay more attention to safety factors, then you can choose graphene batteries, although everyone has a certain "controversy" about it, but from the actual measurement point of view, the endurance and life of graphene batteries are indeed stronger than ordinary lead-acid batteries.
Small connoisseur summary: in the end what kind of battery to choose, in fact, according to their own endurance needs, as well as the budget to determine, after all, if you choose the new national standard electric bicycle, the budget is within 3,000 yuan, then, lithium battery and lead-acid battery basically choose, but the battery specifications are different, choose the car that suits your own needs.
But if the budget is 5,000 yuan and above, this price will basically not be configured with lead-acid batteries, common lithium batteries and graphene batteries, if not charged at home, relative lithium batteries will have more advantages, its life, endurance are more than graphene batteries, relatively more practical, more cost-effective.
So, the batteries equipped with electric vehicles, lead-acid batteries, graphene batteries, lithium batteries, how will you choose? Comments are welcome.