In 1115, the Jin Dynasty was established as a large Jin, at first, the Jin State was just a small country like a tribe, many people did not take them seriously, but then, the Jin Dynasty launched a war to destroy the Liao, in 1120, the Completed Yan Akuta ordered an attack on the Shangjing Linhuang Province, during this period, the Northern Song Dynasty also sent people to jointly attack the Liao, two years later, the Jin army captured Zhongjing, Xijing, Liao Nanjing and other five capitals, after the Liao Emperor was captured, the Liao Dynasty was completely overthrown.
After the capture of the Liao Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty did not stop the war, but turned its attention to its former ally Song Dynasty, in 1123, the Jin Dynasty took the initiative to return Yanjing and the six western states to the Song, and then, in order to show that the two countries were good, Jin Taizu promised that as long as the Song Dynasty was willing to pay for military expenses, it was willing to return the three continents of Shanxi and Hebei to the Song Dynasty, but unfortunately, before it could be implemented, Jin Taizu died of illness.
After Jin Taizong ascended to the throne, the matter of returning the land in Shanxi caused controversy, and the lord of the Jin Dynasty at that time played the song of Yan Zonghan and Yan Zongwang, opposing the return of the land to the Song, at first Jin Taizong was still a little hesitant, but after many requests from the two, he finally agreed to send troops to the Northern Song Dynasty.
In the "Biography of Jin Shi Zonghan", it is recorded: "Zong Han fu said: 'At the beginning of the emperor's conquest of Liao, Tu Song cooperated in the attack, so Xu Yiyan landed. After the Song people had made an alliance, they asked for coins to ask for the towns of Shanxi, and the emperor resigned their coins. Mengshu said: There is no room for hiding and fleeing, and the border people are tempted. The present Song Dynasty recruits defections and rewards them with kindness. Tired of the name of the rebel, the child of Suo, the taste of the month and day, about the oath, nothing. ”
It can be seen from here that after the Jin Dynasty destroyed the Liao, because the Northern Song Dynasty generously recruited the Liao Dynasty rebels, it also gave them special preferential treatment, which caused the dissatisfaction of the Jin Dynasty, believing that the Northern Song Dynasty disregarded the covenant between the two countries and secretly colluded with the rebels in order to violate the law first, so that they could not follow the covenant and return the lost land, in fact, there was another reason, after Jin Taizong ascended to the throne, he was more ambitious than Jin Taizu, and his reluctance to return was just an excuse to start a military campaign.
In 1125, the Jin Dynasty officially raised troops against the Northern Song Dynasty, the reason was that during the Jin army's attack on the Liao Dynasty, the Liao general Zhang Jue fled to the Northern Song Dynasty to hide, and the Northern Song Dynasty did not take the initiative to surrender the reason, in October, Yan Zongwang led the Jin army from Pingzhou south to attack Yanshan Province, in December, the Song army was defeated, the defender Guo Yaoshi surrendered, Yanshan Province completely fell, in January, the Jin army continued to attack the Northern Song Dynasty Zhending Province, and soon took Hebei and other places, on the other hand, Completed Yan Zonghan also led the army to attack Taiyuan, but because the Song army resisted with all its strength, so Yan Zonghan did not capture Taiyuan.
This time the Jin dynasty destroyed the Song War, both sides did not get any benefits, but after the Jin army arrived in Kaifeng, the two countries chose to negotiate peace, in January 1126, Song Weizong Zen was located in the crown prince Zhao Heng, changed the era name Jing Kang, known as Song Qinzong, soon after, the Jin army launched the second War of cutting down the Song Dynasty, in September, Yan Zongwang set out all the way from Baozhou, within half a month to take five counties in Hebei, and Yan Zonghan continued to depart from Taiyuan, also took less than half a month to take shanxi Henan many places.
In January 1127, after Completing Yan Zongwang and Completing Yan Zonghan successfully met, he led the Jin army to successfully break the city, in this station, the Song Dynasty suffered heavy losses, Song Weizong and Song Qinzong and other royal relatives were captured by the Jin army, and then pressed to the Jin Kingdom, Jin Taizong ordered the deposing of the two titles, demoted to Shuren, and ordered people to take off the dragon robes worn by Song Huizong and Song Qinzong, known as the Difficulty of Jingkang.
In 1135, Emperor Huizong of Song suffered a mental breakdown due to years of imprisonment in exile, and soon died of illness on the way to migration, but after his death, the imperial family of the Song Dynasty still lived a life of imprisonment and displacement, they successively moved from Yanjing to Shangjing, Hanzhou and other places, and in 1156, Song Qinzong also died of illness in Yanjing.
Although the Jin Dynasty's two wars against the Song Dynasty caused heavy losses to the Northern Song Dynasty, there was still one person who was spared, he was Zhao Shuo, the King of Kang, when Song Weizong and Song Qinzong were captured, the Northern Song Dynasty was almost gone, and in desperation, Zhao Shuo had to go south to Ying Tianfu to establish the Southern Song Dynasty. After Zhao Zhuo ascended to the throne, there were still many civilian and military generals around him. In 1129, the Jin state once again raised troops to the south, but this time, the Southern Song Dynasty launched a counterattack, Han Shizhong in the confrontation with the Jin army, forced it to Huang Tiandang, and then the Jin army wanted to break through the siege, chiseled the river to open the road, but still by Han Shizhong, the result was still a fiasco, this battle is known as the Battle of Huang Tiandang, when the Jin army is defeated and retreating, Yue Fei's last blow completely makes the Jin army dare not cross the river again.
But what is unexpected is that it was the Southern Song Dynasty that gave the Jin Dynasty a fatal blow, and in 1211, after Genghis Khan launched the "Battle of Wild Fox Ridge" against the Jin Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty quickly allied with mongolia and launched the last battle between the two countries, the Battle of Caizhou, the Southern Song General Meng Jue led 20,000 troops and 300,000 stones of grain to assist the Mongols in attacking Caizhou, and in December, took wuxian of the Jin Dynasty, Haizhou, Yizhou, Laizhou, Weizhou and other places.
At this time, the Jin army is at the end of the road, the city is short of food, the troops are scattered, the Jin Dynasty has no choice but to recruit militia, Meng Jue learned of it, immediately ordered the siege of the city, in February 1234, the Song army successfully captured Caizhou, Jin Wanzong learned of the martyrdom of himself, his descendants also died in this battle, according to statistics, when the Jin Dynasty fell, the Jurchens have been reduced from 7 million to less than 100,000 people, and when they initially attacked the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty relied on more people to win, did not expect that in the end, the Jin Dynasty was beaten to such a point by the Southern Song Dynasty. It's a shame.