Biansai poetry, a form unique to ancient Chinese poetry. Speaking of Biansai poetry, I first think of Great Poets such as Gao Shi, Wang Changling, and Wang Wei of the Tang Dynasty. However, the poems were not created by the Tang Dynasty, as early as in the Book of Poetry. "The Book of Verses: Out of the Car" "I get out of my car, and I mumble to him." From the Son of Heaven, I have come. Summoning the servants is called the load. The king is difficult, but the thorns are strong. ......”
Starting from the Book of Poetry, successive dynasties have had "Biansai poems" passed down from generation to generation, and reached the peak of the Tang Dynasty. Who were the famous and surnamed Border Plug poets before the Tang Dynasty? I can't think of killing before I see it.
Tour map of Han Ling Yuan
Yangzhou "Han Ling Yuan" Museum, the main exhibition is a pair of yellow intestine inscription Han coffins, is the Western Han Guangling King Liu Xu and his wife with the same Mo Yi cave joint burial tomb. There is an exhibition hall dedicated to Liu Xijun, the first princess with a name and surname in Chinese history. Probably because Liu Xijun was the daughter of Liu Jian, the King of Guangling, she had a great relationship with Yangzhou.
Liu Xijun, without Wang Zhaojun and Princess Wencheng, is famous, and his life is more tragic than that of them. Or, just as tragic. From the rich Central Plains, married thousands of miles away in the western desert, the language, living habits, cultural background is completely different, teenage girls, not only married, but also bear the responsibility of the family and the world, is placed on the big man, it is not an easy thing.
Liu Xijun is an authentic princess. Her great-grandfather was the famous Han Jing Emperor Liu Qi. Her father and ancestors were all Kings of Guangling. When she was young, her father's head went haywire and the whole family was beheaded. Liu Xijun, who had lost all his relatives, was adopted by Emperor Wu of Han. When the Han Dynasty wanted to unite with the State of Wusun to fight the Xiongnu, "taking a female wife" was the strategy at the lowest cost. Emperor Wu of Han thought of Liu Xijun. The woman who survived the disaster had no choice but to set foot in a foreign country. She is not a proper wife, just a "right lady", a concubine.
Her husband, who was a few decades older than her, was already in his twilight years. Through peace, Wusun finally formed a long-term alliance with the Han Dynasty. Liu Xijun did not marry for a long time, and her husband died. The grandson inherited the throne. According to the tradition of the Kingdom of Wusun, the new king inherited everything, including his wives and concubines.
Liu Xijun, who was deeply educated in Confucian culture, had difficulty accepting such a life. She wrote to Emperor Wu of Han, hoping to return home. However, Emperor Wu of Han's reply shattered her dream. Liu Xijun had to marry her ex-husband's grandson. This is a humiliating fate. Depressed, Liu Xijun died just five years after giving birth to a daughter, at the age of twenty-five.
Yellow intestines are asked
The story about Liu Xijun ends here. Her successor, Princess Jieyou, married her incumbent after her death. Liu Xijun, the first princess to leave her name and surname. At the same time, she was the first poet to leave her name behind. To this day, her "Song of Sorrow" is still circulating: "My family married me to the heavenly side, far away from the foreign king of Xi Wusun." The vault is the wall of the chamber and the meat is the pulp. Ju Chang Tu Si Xi was wounded in his heart, and he was willing to return to his hometown for Huang Huxi. ”
More than once in different places, I have seen liu Xijun's story. The introduction of Yangzhou Hanling Garden is the most detailed. And the daughters, a special group, belonged exclusively to the daughters of the royal nobility. It is said that Liu Xijun is "the first talented woman to kiss", what can be done?
In the back garden of Hanling Garden, there is a sculpture of Liu Xijun. Liu Xijun, whose style is super-covenant and fateful like Piaoping, is just a microcosm of the fate of her pro-woman. That year, I went to Hohhot, Inner Mongolia to play, and specially went to the "Qingzuka", that is, the tomb of Wang Zhaojun. Wang Zhaojun is known as a falling goose, one of the four famous beauties.
Unlike Liu Xijun, she was not a royal princess, but one of the many concubines of the Han Yuan Emperor. Perennially snubbed in the deep palace. It is said that the Han Yuan Emperor had too many concubines and could not take care of them, and the painters painted and presented them. Each of them showed off his magic to send money and gifts. Wang Zhaojun had no money to pay bribes, and on the portrait of Hua Rongyue, he was ordered with an extra "tear mole" and became an ominous body. What is the real situation, who knows? Wang Anshi has a poetic cloud: "The origin of the intention can not be painted, and Mao Yanshou was killed in vain", and he condemned the fainting of the Han Yuan Emperor by complaining for Mao Yanshou.
Statue of Liu Xijun
Wang Zhaojun took the initiative to go out and make peace with the Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu for more than fifty years, and made great contributions to strengthening the national unity between the Han and Xiongnu peoples. Some people in history say that Wang Zhaojun's exploits are comparable to those of the general Huo Fuyi. Is this political, for the individual, happiness? unimportant.
Wang Zhaojun also experienced two marriages, the second married to the heir of the former Xiongnu king, the son of her ex-husband. She did not write the "Yellow Crane Song", but there is a "Grievance" that has been passed down to this day: "Autumn wood, its leaves are wilted and yellow, there are birds in the mountains, gathered in Basang." Nurturing hairy feathers, describing the light, having to walk the clouds, upstream curved room. The palace is deserted, the body is destroyed, the mind is not sinking, and the jaw is not allowed. Although I have been entrusted with birds and have trepidations in my heart, I am alone, and my comings and goings have become more and more frequent. Flying swallows, distant Xiqiang, high mountains and e'e, river water. Father and mother, obstacle and long, whining and whining! Worried and sad. The same has to be complained about. What about resentment or non-resentment? After Wang Zhaojun's death, he was buried on the banks of the Yellow River southwest of present-day Baotou, Inner Mongolia. Her tomb, green all year round, is out of place with her surroundings and is known as the "Green Tomb".
"When Concubine Ming first left the Han Palace, her tears were wet and the spring breeze was hanging down", "Poor Qingzuka has disappeared, and there are still mourning strings left to this day." Although Wang Anshi was Gengjie, he had infinite sympathy for Zhaojun. In front of Zhaojun's tomb, looking at The Herbs, I remembered Liu Xijun's helplessness and sighed. One and one daughter are better than 100,000 soldiers. The so-called "patriotism" has been magnified to the point of no return. Love? Did anyone think about it for them?
Wang Zhaojun Aozuka
Record a song by the Ming Dynasty Sun Rui's "Princess Wusun Song" as the end of the visit to the "Liu Xijun Exhibition Hall" of Hanling Garden:
"Pharynx and pharynx, sheep cart phoenix grace is brilliant." New new new new, camel sable hat to go on a blind date.
In the past, she was a lady of the Han Palace of the Flower Moon, and now she is a Shahudi person. Han Palace Hudi is different, and life is like a glimpse.
The clouds are easy to disappear and the moon is long, but Chan Juan is like snow. And Xihuayi strikes the war, and the heavens and the north are happy to rise to peace.
A bunch of red pink ridges were buried, and millions of children were born on the side. There are three thousand women left in the Han Palace, and there are strong captives in the border court.
From then on, Longquan did not have to grind, but chose Jiao'e from the world. Silver saddle white horse golden camel, pipa strings sound harmony.
Wine green vermilion, son-in-law's children and grandchildren day by day. Every year, only the fire was reported, and Mo asked Chan Juan to hurt Qi Luo. ”