In 1553, the Portuguese colonists seized china's right of abode in Macau, Guangdong, but for a long time the Ming government still enjoyed sovereignty over Macau, and after the Qing Dynasty replaced the Ming Dynasty, this was still the case. However, in the late Qing Dynasty, however, the Portuguese government signed an unequal treaty with the Qing government and occupied Macau until December 20, 1999, when the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Macau.
Macau used to be a small fishing village, known as Haojing Ao in ancient times. After Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms, he pacified the southern Baiyue without stopping, and Macao was officially included in the territory of China, belonging to Panyu County, Nanhai County.
But in fact, in a long period of history, Macao did not have many people to live, here is a lack of arable land, there is little property, based on life to reproduce is not easy.
From the beginning of the 15th century to the 16th century, Portugal was proud of its power in the world and was engaged in overseas expansion. After opening up a "new route" for Europeans to the East, Portugal successively captured Goa and Malacca on the Indian Peninsula and began to find ways to find a passage to China.
From the summer of 1513 to the beginning of 1514, during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty, a Portuguese named George Ovis led a fleet to Tuen Mun Ao at the mouth of the Pearl River in Guangdong for the first time and traded spices with the local residents. He was an explorer and the first Portuguese to go to China.
Since then, portugal has also sent people to try to establish diplomatic and commercial ties with Daming, but has been refused. In fact, Daming is obviously impossible to accept this demand, especially for overseas trade.
However, it is obvious that the Portuguese will not give up until their goals are achieved, they will not see the emperor, and they are not willing to even occupy "Tuen Mun Island", and plan to set up camp. Originally, Emperor Mingwuzong didn't hate the Flange people so much, and agreed to see them. However, with the death of the Zhengde Emperor, the Jiajing Emperor was very resolute and began to expel the Flange people and no longer allow them to enter.
As a result, the Battle of Tuen Mun broke out between the two sides, and the Ming Dynasty sailors won the victory. However, the Portuguese did not give up, and from time to time they attacked the sea frontiers of Daming.
In the thirty-second year of Jiajing (1553), the Portuguese successfully bribed Guangdong officials in exchange for trade rights in Macau. At that time, the Portuguese came to Macao, under the pretext of "the boat touched the wind and the waves cracked, the water wet tribute", asked to borrow Macao to "dry", they also bribed Wang Bai, the deputy envoy of Guangdong Haidao, 500 taels of silver, and he agreed to take the money, which also became the beginning of the Portuguese occupation of Macao.
In the period of Emperor Muzong of The Ming Dynasty, in the sixth year of Longqing (1573), Portugal obtained permission from the Ming Dynasty to stay in Macao in the form of land lease, becoming the first foothold in China.
From the beginning of the occupation of Macau, the Portuguese built a lot of construction, built houses and lived in Macau, and also built forts, which they used as their territory. But even so, the Ming Dynasty had absolute sovereignty over Macau and many restrictions on the Portuguese.
After the Qing Dynasty entered the Central Plains, the same was true, and the Portuguese did not dare to blatantly act as a blessing, and on the whole they were quite honest. However, in the late Qing Dynasty, the situation changed. Especially after the Opium War, the Western powers began to invade China, and Portugal also forced the Qing government to sign an unequal treaty and occupy Macao.