Yang Guifei, whose real name is Yang Yuhuan, is listed as one of the four great beauties of ancient China because of her appearance, and there is also the legend of the jade ring shy flower, her posture is plump, she is good at singing and dancing, and she once composed a neon feather song with Tang Xuanzong.
Yang Yuhuan was originally a princess of Shou, and it was already against the norm to be included in the harem by Tang Xuanzong, and after entering the palace, Yang Guifei was even more favored by three thousand people, with foreign relatives in power, and the family was dominant, which caused dissatisfaction in the court, and was later given death by Tang Xuanzong due to the "Anshi Rebellion".
Tang Xuanzong, as an emperor of a generation, personally created the Kaiyuan dynasty, turned the tide at a time of national crisis and reached the peak of the Tang Dynasty, which was called "Sheng Tang" by later generations.
Tang Xuanzong's exploits are as famous as his love, the emperor's love for the world often becomes a topic of discussion, Tang Xuanzong is extremely fond of Yang Yuhuan, whether it is "concubine laughter" or Hua Qingchi, in history, the god concubine is very loving, Xuanzong is more responsive to Yang Guifei's needs, making her a noble concubine who crowns the sixth palace.
Picture of Yang Guifei
New Book of Tang: "Whoops, women are very bad at people!" Tang Yun continued, Tang Zhongzong could not avoid his body, and Wei Shi exterminated the clan. Tang Xuanzong personally quelled the chaos, but also defeated the woman. "
Since ancient times, the secrets of the emperor's family have not been known to outsiders, so that the old royal affairs have been covered with a mysterious veil, and the literati or scholars of later generations have taken the exploration of the love of the imperial concubine as the primary task.
Yang Guifei is an important research object in the history of Chinese literature, and the stories derived from Yang Guifei are widely circulated, such as the Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi's "Long Hate Song" is a work that depicts the love of the imperial concubine with Yang Guifei as the main character, in addition to the novel "Yang Taizhen Wai biography" written by the Song Dynasty Music History, and the Qing Dynasty Hong Sheng's drama "The Hall of Eternal Life".
There are countless stories of Yang Guifei that have been handed down to this day, including novels, plays, poems, etc., in various forms, reflecting the thinking and perception of the love of the imperial concubines by the literati of all generations.
Because the love between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei was in the period of the Tang Dynasty's transformation from prosperity to decline, the love of the imperial concubines in later literary works was linked to politics, from the beginning of the "evil country demon concubine" to the later criticism of Tang Xuanzong's beauty, Yang Guifei's story has undergone many twists.
Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei
The princess's love affair
Most of the early poems revolve around the love of the imperial concubine, such as Bai Juyi's "Long Hate Song", which focuses on Tang Xuanzong's grief after losing Yang Yuhuan, asking for immortal medicine after returning to the palace, eager to find Yang Yuhuan's immortal traces and renew the frontier with her.
The poem laments the ending of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei's yin and yang, and through the description of Tang Xuanzong's misery and sorrow and the thought of Yang Yuhuan, the feelings of the imperial concubine are very strong, and the love is very much.
Most of the folk tales exaggerate the triangular relationship between Yang Yuhuan, Tang Xuanzong and An Lushan, or mostly focus on the relationship between Mei Fei, Tang Xuanzong, and Yang Yuhuan.
In fact, putting aside other idle people, just looking at the past of Li and Yang, you can find that even if the love relationship between the imperial concubines is not very loyal, the love between them is very sincere and stable, which can be seen from the story of Yang Guifei.
Emperor Concubine composes the picture
"Yang Taizhen's Outer Biography" says: "If you are not a king, why do you enjoy the country?" If the Father is not the Father, why is he in charge? There is one here, not yet or not dead. Emperor Tang Ming was one of the mistakes, and the shame of the world was lost. "
The relationship between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Yuhuan made Shi Guan criticized, and the literati and inkers mostly described Tang Xuanzong's extreme love for Yang Yuhuan to express the idea of "demon concubines misleading the country", although Yang Yuhuan was Li Longji's daughter-in-law, but the natural beauty made the emperor fall in love with her, and risked the world to crown Yang Yuhuan as a noble concubine.
The two have the same hobbies, Tang Xuanzong likes to sing and dance, Yang Yuhuan is especially good at music rhythm, it can be said that the "Zhiyin-style" love between Li and Yang is an important reason for the story of Yang Guifei to be passed down to future generations, Yang Yuhuan and Li Longji often rehearse and play songs together.
At this time, the imperial concubines were more like a pair of talented women, and the love based on music was also full of poetry, which was why the literati and inkers of later generations favored the story of Yang Guifei.
And because of the limitations of history, Li and Yang are full of irreversible variables, and the tragic ending of the noble concubines from The Hanging Horse Ridge Slope draws the end of this protracted love, which makes countless people feel sorry, and on the basis of the self-hanging of the noble concubines, many works have been derived.
The Emperor Princess loves the picture
"Evil country demon concubine", Yang Guifei's political image was scandalized
The "Anshi Rebellion" was a rebellion led by An Lushan and Shi Siming, which marked the decline of the Tang Dynasty from the powerful and prosperous Sheng Tang, and the Beginning of the Tang Dynasty's transformation from prosperity to decline.
An Lushan, as a character who cannot be circumvented in Yang Guifei's story, has a lot of ink plots in Yang Guifei's story, Li Longji's love for Yang Yuhuan is well known, An Lushan threw himself into his favor and recognized Yang Yuhuan as a dry lady, and from then on, he leaned back on a big tree to cool off, and under the protection of Yang Yuhuan, he was mighty and blessed, and his power rose and grew day by day.
At that time, Yang Guozhong served as the prime minister, originally Yang Guozhong was unknown in his early years, but as Yang Yuhuan's brother, he was reused by Li Longji after Yang Yuhuan was made a noble concubine, and from then on, he soared and relied on Li Longji's grace for Yang Yuhuan to ascend to heaven step by step.
Originally, the Yang family was the only one in the DPRK because of Yang Yuhuan's reasons, at this time, the Forces of An Lushan suddenly rushed out to confront Yang Guozhong, which made Yang Guozhong very worried, afraid that the power would fall by the way, so he and An Lushan were in the same water and fire.
An Lu Shan map
"Book of Han": "Xia Zhixing is tushan, and death is happy with sisters." Yin Zhixing has a rong, and dies to himself. Zhou Zhixing was a mother of Wen, and died as a praise. Observe the conduct, count the victory of the color of the chang, with the color of the victory of the count of the death.
The conflict between An Lushan and Yang Guozhong eventually led to the "Anshi Rebellion", and when Tang Xuanzong fled, his entourage forced Tang Xuanzong to execute Yang Guifei on the grounds that guifei was causing chaos in the dynasty, and at the same time executed Yang Guozhong.
Subsequent literary works focus on yang guifei and An Lushan's affairs, lure Tang Xuanzong to indulge in beauty and politics, and unfold stories around Yang Yuhuan's characteristics of "naturally evil water", most of which are aimed at bringing misfortune to the east and introducing "demon concubines to the wrong country" into political public opinion.
In the narrative mode of this story, An Lushan launched a rebellion not to seize the Tang Dynasty, but to capture Yang Yuhuan, Yang Guozhong's death was because Yang Guozhong obstructed the exchange of letters between An Lushan and Yang Guifei, the Tang Dynasty Jiangshan fell into war because the demon concubine misled the country, and Tang Xuanzong was blinded by the demon concubine and sang night and night.
Yang Guifei, as the core character of the story, must be the object of all people's single-minded solicitation, and she is full of political criticism.
Xuanzong Hedon Chart
Yang Guifei's "Death Festival Death Country" died for love
In the critical literature of Yang Guifei's story, Yang Yuhuan is undoubtedly a woman who has harmed the country and the people, and is a disaster star given by heaven, such criticism was widely recognized at that time, and almost no one would regard Yang Guifei as a political victim and justify Yang Guifei's name.
Back in the society of the Tang Dynasty at that time, after Tang Xuanzong personally created the Kaiyuan prosperous era, the people lived and worked in peace and contentment, the society was rich, and the rice in the granary was so large that the granary could not fit, and Tang Xuanzong enjoyed the prosperity and prosperity of the Tang Dynasty with peace of mind.
In his later years, he was particularly faint, and he was very indulgent to Yang Yuhuan's family, and the granting of great power led to foreign relatives holding great power in the dprk, causing dissatisfaction in the dprk, because of the connivance of Tang Xuanzong, the Yang family was a blessing in the dynasty, relying on Yang Guifei's wealth and wealth to do all kinds of bad things.
Tang Xuanzong realized that the power of foreign relatives would cause trouble, so he deliberately supported An Lushan to fight against Yang Guozhong, giving An Lushan a lot of power, and when An Lushan was in the sky, Tang Xuanzong was sick with tigers and could no longer control him.
Yang Guozhong picture
"The Hall of Eternal Life": "Although Your Majesty is deeply gracious, but the matter has come to this point, there is no other way to survive, and the sin of concubines is increased in vain." Look forward to His Majesty's concubine's body to protect the ancestral community. "
In the literary works led by "The Hall of Eternal Life", unlike the previous deep-rooted political concepts, Yang Guifei in these stories has changed her previous negative image and is portrayed as a fierce woman who "dies in the country of death", and the whole story describes the beautiful love between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Yuhuan who know and love each other and are unswerving.
Yang Yuhuan's infatuation and repentance after hanging Ma Songpo, as for the important storyline of "Anshi Rebellion", was handled by the author as a courtier who did not have the concept of loyalty to the king and patriotism, and the following crimes eventually led to a catastrophe, and Tang Xuanzong's political mistakes were avoided and light, and they were mentioned in the text.
Although there is no completely and fair discussion of Tang Xuanzong's merits and gains, it is also understandable given that most of these literary works are love literature. Tang Xuanzong was forced to Shudi by An Lushan and others, and Yang Guifei resolutely asked for death for the sake of Jiangshan Sheji in order to stabilize the hearts of the army, and sacrificed her life for the safety of the country.
In contrast to this is Tang Xuanzong's fainting incompetence and the helplessness of his ministers, reflecting Yang Guifei's bravery and perseverance and patriotic thoughts, which is completely different from the image of Yang Guifei in the story of Yang Guifei in the past, so that people can understand Yang Guifei with a different way of thinking.
Emperor Xuanzong was lucky to shu tu
epilogue
The image of Yang Guifei in the story of Yang Guifei has undergone earth-shaking changes after the development of successive dynasties, and many of the ancient literary works in China have taken beauty and misleading the country as the reason for the overthrow of the dynasty, the Xia Dynasty has sister Xi, the Yin Dynasty has Dai Ji, and the Zhou Dynasty has praise, these are typical examples of "demon concubines misleading the country".
The concept of "female sex and disaster to the country" in Chinese culture appeared very early, no matter which dynasty was subverted for what reason, there can always be a corresponding evil country concubine in historical data, which is also related to the deep-rooted patriarchal thought since ancient times.
Although the remarks of the "female scourge" have been formed for a long time, and since ancient times, there have been many literati who have maintained a neutral attitude to rationally carry out political criticism from an objective point of view, Yang Guifei is not the only reason for the collapse of the Tang Dynasty, and it is also very necessary for Tang Xuanzong to criticize.
Influenced by the monarchical centralization for thousands of years, the authority of the monarch is inviolable, and on this basis, the remarks of the "female calamity" are essentially the backs of the monarch's immorality, and the so-called "demon concubines" are victims of the centralized system.
With the changes in history, the story of Yang Guifei has derived many different interpretations of the story of the imperial concubine, and the literary works of these interpretations reflect the different ideas of different dynasties and lead the cultural trends of different dynasties.
Yang Guifei also transformed from the earliest "demon concubine" image to a victim of politics, which is related to the ideas of the literati and inkers of different dynasties, but the core of the criticism of the political ethics of the Tang Dynasty in Yang Guifei's story is unchanged.
In general, although Yang Guifei's image evaluation in historical and cultural works is mixed, in the eyes of people, Yang Yuhuan is undoubtedly a victim of Li Longji's efforts to save politics, yang Yuhuan, as one of the four major beauties, and the role of other beauties in politics is consistent, consolidating the stability of the country and the mountains, is undoubtedly full of tragedy.
References: New Book of Tang, Tang Taizhen Wai biography, Han Ji, etc