What kind of spy do you think of? Mysterious cloaks, vague code words..., these common scenes in spy dramas, may have been deeply rooted in your mind, in fact, in the real world, some spies will indeed use violence, but in fact, relying on force to eat trouble spies are often some small roles, spy in the history of espionage is not a famous for violence, modern society spy agencies more and more to the secular society, gradually become like a degree society.
What kind of people are prone to being spies? There are no more than two, one is voluntary, the other is forced, from the perspective of the way espionage works, it is the process of discovering, attracting and absorbing the people needed, and then cultivating and reusing them.
A person who can become a spy must have two basic conditions, the first condition is that he must have the ability or channel to contact intelligence; the second condition is that the recruited object has the motivation to become a spy.
Have the ability or channel to access intelligence
The textbook of the KGB's 101 Higher Intelligence School, "The Practice of Developing Americans in the United States and Third Countries," points out that the objects of contact of intelligence agencies include: staff of government agencies or people who have access to politics, military, and science and technology; secret intelligence personnel in espionage or counter-espionage; people who have access to relevant fields because of their work or interests, including journalists, technology companies, or employed personnel of government agencies; in short, those who have access to science and technology, confidential economic information, Or people who are very likely to be used by government agencies in the future are most likely to be targeted.
The recruited object has a motivation to become a spy
The motivation mentioned here mainly includes: the recruitment target wants to get rewards, including money, sex, travel abroad and other aspects; second, it is ideologically opposed to the domestic government and has the motivation to retaliate against society; it has some kind of connection with foreign countries, such as culture, religion, language, etc.; it has the personality characteristics that are easy to yield, and there are people with bad previous convictions such as ugly behavior, drug addiction, and alcoholism, which are easy to be blackmailed; in addition, the objects who like to seek excitement are also easy to become the prey of intelligence agencies.
The CIA summarized the four exploitable weaknesses of humanity as MICE, greed for money, ideological bias (Id eo lo g y), easy compromise or compulsion (C o m p ro m ise), and selfishness (Ego).
(1) Money temptation
According to statistics, during the Cold War, 55.4% of the 139 cases that occurred in the United States were spies because of money, of which 17 were between 10,000 and 100,000 US dollars, 7 were between 100,000 and 1 million US dollars, and 4 were above the million.
Although this recruitment method begins with money, but in the whole process, money does not play a very important role, in general, the spy agency will give the intelligence officer a remuneration roughly corresponding to his income level, if his consumption is obviously beyond the normal income level, it must arouse people's suspicions, which is enough to dispel the intelligence officer's desire to ask for too much money.
In addition, while receiving money from spy agencies, intelligence agents usually leave traces, and spy agencies may even secretly record and video recordings and leave handles in order to threaten intelligence officers to obey.
(2) Ideology
Because of ideological differences, the identification of values, and the spy who has embarked on the road of treason, the betrayal motives of such people are the most real and the activities are the most reliable.
Almost all of the most famous spies in Soviet history were achieved by recruiting people who resonated with Soviet ideology, such as the famous "Red Spy King" Richard Sorge, who was German but was born into a family with revolutionary traditions, and whose grandfather was a friend of Marx's and who participated in the 1848 Revolution.
In 1925, Sorge joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and served in the Reconnaissance Apparatus of the Soviet Army.
(3) Arrogance and vanity
Psychologists believe that many people commit crimes because they have some kind of "defect" and hate society, so as to wait for an opportunity to retaliate, and people with "defects" and access to secrets are the most likely to be captured by spy agencies.
In 2001, the CIA announced that it had cracked down on a Russian spy who had been lurking for decades, and after investigation, this lurker was born with a "juvenile spirit of resistance", always hoping to prove that he was better than others, and a strong sense of superiority prompted him to constantly prove this.
(4) Control coercion
Through the possession of private or criminal evidence related to the reputation and status of the recruited target, it is used as a means of blackmail to force them to comply. Of the many traps, traps set by intelligence agencies are the most common. For example, Wolff, director of the National Intelligence Agency in East Germany, invented a "Romeo strategy" to control the target of recruitment through pornographic coercion.
It cannot be said here that the SEX SPIES OF THE KGB, the female spy known as the "swallow" and the male spy "The Crow" are not mentioned.
In the 1950s, the French ambassador to the Soviet Union, Maurice Dejean, Indonesian President Sukarno, and even Nazi Germany Fuehrer Hitler fell under the pomegranate skirt of the "swallow".
The most successful case of the "crow" occurred in West Germany, where a large number of "female secretaries" of the West German government offices were captured by the "crow".
What kind of people can be spies?
In today's exploding and fragmented knowledge, it seems that anyone can use a computer to write and analyze intelligence, that is, to be a spy. However, this is only the scope of the work of the in-house spies.
In the era when spy satellites are dotted everywhere, cameras are everywhere, network spies are everywhere, and artificial intelligence is advancing by leaps and bounds, the acquisition of a lot of intelligence still depends on the field spies to personally inquire, and the hard and dirty work that accompanies it, such as intelligence transmission, tracking and stalking, deception and fraud, kidnapping and assassination, etc., also has to be done by field spies and operational spies like James Bond.
So, the question is, who can be a qualified field spy?
Turning over those famous spies, most of them have high education and high intelligence, and the CIA of the United States attaches great importance to absorbing ivy league graduates to join, and for example, during the Cold War, the KGB's famous "Cambridge Five" were all Cambridge high-caliber students.
Of course, a good spy does not have to have a high degree, for example, I was a famous underground worker Pan Hannian, who served as the vice mayor of Shanghai after liberation, although he only read the memorial primary school, but he is absolutely intellectually superior, which is also a necessary condition for being an excellent spy.
Pan Hannian
During World War II, the famous Dutch spy Olester, who worked in the British, French and other spy agencies. Pinto once listed several creeds of being a spy in a book.
(1) Memory
Oleist. Pinto cites himself as an example, "I still vividly remember the gifts I received on my third birthday, the people who gave them, and when each of them came to my house. ”
For most of us, decades have passed, and we may not even remember the name of the middle school teacher, but he "remembers the events of his six-month-old days, and he still has in his mind those things that are very impressive: the cradle, the cloth curtain decorated around it."
(2) Language ability
Most of the spy's intelligence comes from abroad, which requires the spy to be very proficient in the native language of the target country, and even in order not to show his feet, you also need to understand the dialects, slang, and native languages of many places in this country, so that the other party feels that you are your own person.
Spy master Forsyth's novel "God's Fist" tells a true story that happened during the Gulf War: before the multinational force occupied Iraq, a senior British MI6 spy was airdropped to Kuwait to collect intelligence, and the air force major named Martin had been "interviewed" by a diplomat stationed in Jordan before the mission, and the diplomat was an authentic Arab, and the two talked in Arabic for two hours, and concluded that The Englishman's language skills were unaware even of the Arabs.
Now you should understand why many spies (their public identities are consuls, counselors, and secretaries of embassies abroad) are mostly graduates of the Foreign Affairs College, the Foreign Language College, and the School of International Relations.
(3) Strain capacity
The memory is amazing, the language ability is superior, in fact, there are many literary talents who meet this condition, such as the great literary scholar Qian Zhongshu, who can be called "smart and superior", but the problem is that this great talent is walking right and left, so those who "think for thousands of years and see through thousands of miles" in the bookstore may not be able to enter the espionage industry.
Rousseau tells a joke in the Confessions: Someone is scolded by someone and walks out
It took dozens of miles to come up with a very clever rebuke. This kind of guy who is always slow and half-shot is not the material for being a field spy in any case, for the simple reason that his life is not enough.