Influenced by the series of novels of the Great Qin Empire, many people have gradually learned about the first dynasty in the history of our country, the Qin Dynasty. However, most of what everyone may know is the Qin state in the Warring States period, such as Qin Huiwen Wang Yingsi, Qin Zhaowang Yingji, and Qin Shi Huang Yingzheng, without knowing other Qin emperors.
In fact, qin shi huang of the Qin Empire did not rise up to seize the world like Liu Bang, Li Yuan, and Zhu Yuanzhang, but through the accumulation of the ancestral Qin kings, it was only through the accumulation of the qin kings of the ancestors that he was able to unify the world and become the first emperor in history.
The Qin people are said to have followed the Shang king to make great military achievements during the ancient Shang Dynasty, for example, the close confidant of the King of Lu was one of the ancestors of the Qin people.
In the last year of the Shang Dynasty, the Qin people chose the Shang Dynasty between the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and eventually the Shang Dynasty was defeated, and the Qin people were relegated to the barbaric land of the Loess Plateau. And the rise of the Qin people also officially unfolded in this barbaric land.
Starting point: Zhou Dynasty subjects
After the fall of the Shang Dynasty, a descendant of Ji Sheng, a descendant of Ji Sheng, who was very good at driving a carriage, was deeply favored by King Mu of Zhou, and made great contributions to the king of Zhou Mu when he was fighting the Xu kingdom, so he was sealed in Zhao City by King Mu of Zhou, which is also the origin of the Zhao clan of the Qin people.
During the reign of King Xiao of Zhou, his nephew Qin Feizi was sealed in Qin by King Xiao of Zhou because he was good at raising horses, so Qin Feizi changed his clan from "Zhao" to "Qin", that is, Qin Ying, and then Qin Fei was deeply respected by the zhou kings and became the vanguard of the Zhou king's defense against Xi Rong.
During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, the fifth son of Qin Zhong defeated Xi Rong, and King Xuan gave a large amount of land to Qin Zhong's eldest son, the Duke of Qin Zhuang, who succeeded Qin Zhong's grand master. After the Duke of Qinzhuang, Duke Xiang of Qin ascended the throne and began a long tug-of-war with Xi Rong.
Take the first step: become a prince
In 771 BC, Inu Rong attacked The Capital and led only a handful of princes to qinwang, and Qin Xianggong was one of the few qinwang army. Duke Xiang of Qin, together with Duke Wu of Zheng, Marquis Wen of Jin, and Duke Wu of Wei, rescued the crown prince Yi Usu and made Him the King of Zhou Ping, and then Duke Xiang of Qin also sent troops to escort King Zhou Ping to move the capital to Luoyi, so he was honored by King Zhou Ping as a prince.
Since then, the State of Qin has become one of the many princely states of the Zhou Dynasty.
Spring and Autumn Five Powers: Qin Mugong
After The Duke of Qin Xianggong, successive Qin emperors attacked Xirong on a large scale and achieved amazing results. In 677 BC, Duke De of Qin moved the capital to Yongcheng and has since stabilized.
At this time, the international environment and the changes took place, Zheng Zhuanggong and Qi Huangong successively dominated, and Zhou Tianzi's prestige disappeared.
In 660 BC, Duke Mu of Qin took the throne. During the reign of Mu Gong, he made peace with the Jin state to the east and dominated The Western Rong, thus becoming one of the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period.
Turning point: Quotient martingale transformation method
After the death of Duke Mu of Qin, the State of Qin became one of the first-class powers of the Spring and Autumn Period, and The Duke of Qin Kang and the Duke of Qin Gong actively competed with Jin and Chu for hegemony. However, in the era of Qin Huangong, the Qin state began to weaken, and the subsequent Qin state gradually weakened in internal and external troubles.
In 403 BC, the three families of Zhao Wei and Han of the Jin Dynasty put the Duke of Jin under house arrest, and asked King Weilie of Zhou for the throne of the princes, which was recognized by the King of Weilie, and officially established the Three Kingdoms of Han, Zhao and Wei, and the Warring States Era officially began.
Compared with the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Period was more intense, and unlike the Spring and Autumn Period, when the Emperor Zun Yi was hegemonic and dominated one side, all countries fought a war of annihilation and prepared to unify the world. In the face of such a great controversy, various countries have launched a vigorous movement to change the law, such as the WuQi change law of the Wei state and the Shen Bu harm change law of the Korean state, but the most effective is the Shang martingale change law of the Qin state.
Shang Martingale, with the strong support of Qin Xiaogong, completed the change of the qin state up and down, the qin state became a whole, from the king down to the people, all with the goal of farming, since the Shang martingale changed the law, the strength of the qin state began to be higher than other princely states.
Calling the king the emperor: the southern conquest and northern war of the two generations of Qin kings
He was called King Huiwen of Qin
In 338 BC, Duke Xiao of Qin died, and his close associate Shang Martin was executed by Ying si Che Split, but Shang Martin's change of law was not abolished.
Before the Warring States, only Zhou Tianzi was eligible to claim the title of king, and although in the Spring and Autumn Period there were Xu, Wu, Yue, and Chu kings, but they were not recognized by the Central Plains states. However, in the Warring States era, Zhou Tianzi's strength was weak, and the powerful princes were no longer willing to dominate.
In 344 BC, The Wei emperor Wei Huan took the lead in claiming the title of king, that is, the King of Wei Hui. In 334 BC, Qi Juntian Yinqi also followed the title of king, that is, the King of Qi Wei. After this, King Huiwen of Qin and the monarchs of the five kingdoms of Zhao, Han, Yan, Zhongshan, and Song also successively claimed the throne, marking that the Zhou Dynasty had completely declined, and the flocks of heroes were chasing deer.
King Zhaoxiang was proclaimed emperor
In the era of King Zhaoxiang, the strength of the Qin State increased greatly, and the State of Qi at that time became one of the top two powers, and the title of "King" was actually no longer honorable, so the title of "Emperor" in the ancient era entered the sight of the monarch of the great power.
In 288 BC, King Zhaoxiang of Qin proclaimed himself "Western Emperor" and sent an emissary, King Zunqi Min, as "Eastern Emperor". Although under the pressure of the Five Kingdoms Alliance, King Zhaoxiang gave up the imperial title, but this also shows that the Qin state already has the heart to swallow the world and make its ambitions public.
In 256 BC, Ji Yan, the king of Zhou, fearing the military strength of the State of Qin, joined forces with the states to attack Qin, which caused the anger of King Zhaoxiang, and immediately sent troops to destroy the Zhou Dynasty and bring Jiuding back to Xianyang. This also represents the demise of the Eight-Hundred-Year-Old Zhou Dynasty, and the strength of the Qin State has surpassed the Six Eastern Kingdoms.
Peak: The King of Qin swept Liuhe and unified China
In 246 BC, the Qin dynasty took the throne. After Yingzheng swept away the internal rebellion forces, he began to crusade against the armies of various countries, with the basis of the "Sixth Dynasty Yu Lie", coupled with the assistance of the fierce generals of Wen Chen, the qin wangzheng's army successively destroyed the six kingdoms of Han, Wei, Chu, Zhao, Yan, and Qi, and unified the Central Plains.
Because of his exploits in destroying the Six Kingdoms, Qin Wangzheng proclaimed himself emperor and became the first emperor in Chinese history, the first emperor. After becoming emperor, Yingzheng's army marched south to Baiyue and northern to the Xiongnu, completing the unification of China.
epilogue
Since the Qin dynasty was called "emperor", Chinese history has ushered in a thousand-year-old change. The title of emperor of the Qin Dynasty divides the history of ancient China into two parts, one is the 2,000-year history of the co-lords of the world from the Xia Dynasty to the Zhou Dynasty, and the other part is the 2000-year feudal imperial era from the Qin Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.