In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Li Zicheng invaded the Ming capital of Beijing, and the Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youjian hanged himself. In just two or three months, Li Zicheng's regime quickly took over the entire Yellow River Basin and part of the Yangtze River Basin by virtue of its military might and popular support. However, the Qing army was already outside Shanhaiguan, and at this time, Wu Sangui, who had 50,000 GuanNingxiong troops in his hands, would most likely determine the success or failure of one side.
We know that in the end, Wu Sangui opened the door and let the Qing army enter the Central Plains effortlessly. And Li Zicheng, who had just established Dashun, did not have enough time to prepare. In the end, under the joint efforts of Wu Sangui and Dolgun, he was defeated and withdrew from Beijing.
In the second year of Shunzhi (1645), Li Zicheng planned to go east by boat and seize the southeast as a base for anti-Qing resistance. However, due to strategic mistakes, he was eventually attacked by the Qing army by land and water, and Li Zicheng fled in a hurry and was mistakenly killed by villagers at Jiugong Mountain in Tongcheng County, Hubei Province. Since then, the Qing army has removed the biggest obstacle to the unification of the world.
After the Qing army entered the Central Plains, Wu Sangui became a sharp blade in the hands of the Qing army, and in the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), the Qing Dynasty transferred Wu Sangui into the pass and killed the remnants of the anti-Qing rebel army in the northwest region. In order to show his loyalty, Wu Sangui brutally suppressed the remnants of the peasant army and slaughtered the city at every turn.
At this time, Wu Sangui had been identified as a "traitor" to the Ming Dynasty, but during Wu Sangui's defense of Yunnan, it was in the twelfth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1673). In November, Zhu Guozhi, the governor of Yunnan, was killed and proposed to "xingming to seek revenge" to rebel. Soon after, he was proclaimed emperor in Hengzhou.
Since then, Wu Sangui has been identified as a "capricious" villain, and the reason why Wu Sangui has rebelled against the Qing is because Kangxi issued an order to cut the domain, which harmed Wu Sangui's interests. But Wu Sangui's "Qingqing Text" gives a different reason.
We know that the Qing Dynasty was the most severe period of literal hell. Therefore, after Wu Sangui failed in the "anti-Qing" campaign, his Qing Qing text was basically extinct among the people. However, the Japanese book "Huayi Perversion" records that in the early days of Wu Sangui's rebellion, the original version of the "Qing Qing Wen" brought back to the Tokugawa shogunate by Japanese merchant ships.
In this "Qingqing Text" that was circulated to Japan, it is written: "This town is deeply biting the Ming Dynasty Lord... For a while, Li rebelled against the chaos... I had no choice but to make a bloody alliance to temporarily borrow 100,000 soldiers... Cutting the land to Xie Yiren, I did not intend to be cunning, so I turned against the heavens and betrayed the alliance, taking advantage of my inner void to occupy Yandu... Fang knows that it is not the right to refuse the tiger to enter the wolf, mo bang to hold the salary to save the fire, the town is bitter and bloody, regret is not enough, will want to oppose the north and sweep away the fishy gas. ”
Probably means that Wu Sangui never admitted that he surrendered to the Qing army, he originally just wanted to borrow Qing troops to fight against the Dashun army, but he did not expect to be calculated by the Qing army, and in the end it was easy to ask God to send God, he had to fake the Qing Dynasty, but he was always loyal to the Ming Dynasty in his heart.
If it is from this point of view, Wu Sangui has indeed been misunderstood. However, regardless of the authenticity of this article, in terms of the situation at that time, Wu Sangui could only use the banner of "Ming Dynasty" to rebel against the Qing Dynasty. In fact, it was also useful, and among the 26 local officials who responded to Wu Sangui, 20 were originally Ming dynasty generals.
But was Wu Sangui really loyal to the Ming Dynasty? Obviously, there are still many doubts, in order to win the trust of the Qing Dynasty, Wu Sangui did not kill the descendants of the Zhu clan, perhaps everything is Just Wu Sangui's choice to weigh the pros and cons.