In 1949, China underwent earth-shaking changes, in this year, the founding of New China, most of the country was liberated, and even Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek's last foothold, had a large number of underground parties. As early as the day
During the period when the invaders occupied Taiwan, the Communist Party of China set up its own party branch in Taiwan.
After Japan's surrender in 1945, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China immediately dispatched a large number of cadres to the Taiwan region occupied by the former Japanese to carry out the construction of revolutionary base areas. Cai Xiaoqian, who had participated in the Long March of the Red Army and served as the minister of enemy work in the Field Political Department of the Eighth Route Army, and was 37 years old at the time, was sent to Taiwan as the secretary of the Taiwan Provincial Working Committee of the CPC to prepare for the establishment of the CPC's organization in Taiwan Province. Cai Xiaoqian was also the only Taiwanese who participated in the Red Army's Long March and was very familiar with the local situation in Taiwan.
Although Cai Xiaoqian later defected, he still made a lot of achievements in the first few years of coming to Taiwan. In 1946, Cai Xiaoqian was sent to Taiwan to preside over underground work. After arriving in Taiwan, Cai Xiaoqian organized many student movements and peasant movements in Taiwan, putting a lot of pressure on the Kuomintang authorities.
At the end of 1948, Chiang Kai-shek suffered various blows one after another, the military fiasco, the currency reform and economic control failed, and the opposition to him in the Kuomintang region became louder and louder. In fact, in June 1948, Chiang Kai-shek's eldest son, Chiang Ching-kuo, proposed to make preparations for the withdrawal of Taiwan, but Chiang Kai-shek did not care at that time, until the end of 1948, when the situation became very deteriorating, Chiang Kai-shek did not consider Taiwan.
On December 29, 1948, chiang kai-shek, in order to appease the people of Taiwan and firmly control Taiwan in his own hands, ordered his confidant Chen Cheng to serve as the chairman of Taiwan Province. On December 30, Chiang Kai-shek appointed his eldest son, Chiang Ching-kuo, as chairman of the Taiwan Provincial Party Committee.
At that time, there was also a famous kuomintang general in Taiwan, and this person was Sun Liren. Although Sun Liren made outstanding military achievements during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he was squeezed out of Taiwan for military training shortly after the start of the civil war and remained idle. From a feudal official with heavy troops and great power in his hands to any place with an empty name and far away from the battlefield, Sun Liren's mood became very low, but the training of troops was also a good play for him, and he soon came to Taiwan.
In October 1947, Sun Liren set up an army training headquarters in Fengshan, Taiwan; before coming to Taiwan, Sun Liren followed his old cadres when he contacted dozens of tax police regiments of the New First Army, and also selected more than 400 students who graduated from the teaching corps as demonstration instructors.
The recruits sun Liren is responsible for training are mainly young students recruited from Taiwan, as well as scattered troops who have fled from the mainland to Taiwan, as well as more than 7,000 young people recruited from Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beiping, and Wuhan.
Sun Liren trained troops very strictly, Sun Liren hung a mirror at the door of his office, and when officers and men saw him, they had to first dress up and then call a report before they could see him. In just a few years, Sun Liren trained 460,000 officers and soldiers in Fengshan, most of whom were later sent to various battlefields in china, which was also the guarantee for Chiang Kai-shek to gain a foothold in Taiwan.
Chiang Kai-shek decided to go to Taiwan shortly after the People's Liberation Army 's million lions crossed the Yangtze River, but he had been living in the Penghu Islands in the middle of the Taiwan Strait and had not reached the main island of Taiwan. It was not until May 21 that Chen Cheng, Jiang Dingwen, and Yu Hongjun personally went to pay respects to Chiang Kai-shek, and Chiang Kai-shek was ready to go to the main island of Taiwan. On May 26, Chiang Kai-shek rushed to Taiwan, and the Using-Mei ling plane he was on flew around for a long time, not to Taipei controlled by Chen Cheng, but to Kaohsiung City, which was controlled by Sun Liren.
The reason why Chiang Kai-shek went to Sun Liren was because at that time the underground party on the island of Taiwan was making a lot of noise, and Cai Xiaoqian had developed a large number of people on the island, and Chiang Kai-shek knew the talents of Sun Liren and knew that with Sun Liren, his own safety was guaranteed. After arriving in Kaohsiung, Sun Liren led the officers and men of the training camp to personally greet him.
After arriving in Kaohsiung, Chiang Kai-shek did not dare to get off the plane, and Sun Liren personally got on the plane to invite him. When Chiang Kai-shek saw Sun Liren, his first words were: "Am I safe here?" Sun Liren replied: "With me here, don't be afraid!" Chiang Kai-shek, under the support of his eldest son Chiang Ching-kuo, walked down tremblingly, and in order to appease Sun Liren, Chiang Kai-shek immediately wrote on a note: "NT$200,000, Chiang Kai-shek." Sun Liren later charged all the money on Chiang Kai-shek's side to the military expenses.
After Chiang Kai-shek arrived in Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek immediately asked his eldest son Chiang Ching-kuo to re-establish the Kuomintang secret service system and rebuild the military's political work system. At that time, the political environment on the island was very tense, coupled with the arrest of Tsai Xiaoqian, the head of the Taiwan underground party at that time, who defected after his arrest, which led to the almost total annihilation of the Taiwan underground party, and Chiang Kai-shek stabilized the situation in Taiwan.
After Chiang Kai-shek arrived in Taiwan, he also did one more thing, that is, land reform. Chiang Kai-shek stipulated that, first, the amount of rent should be limited, 25 percent of the cost of seeds, fertilizers, and so on, and 75 percent of the remaining harvest should be divided equally between the landlords and the sharecroppers, that is, 37.5 percent of the annual harvest of the sharecroppers and so on. The second is to restrict the landlord from dismissing tenant farmers at will, stipulating that the lease period shall not be less than 6 years, during which the tenant farmers fully obtain the right to use the land and pay the landlord 37.5% of the land rent every year.
Chiang Kai-shek also promulgated the second restriction on the arbitrary dismissal of tenant farmers by landlords, stipulating that the lease period should not be less than 6 years, during which the tenant farmers fully obtained the right to use the land and paid 37.5% of the rent to the landlord every year. This series of practices has eased social contradictions and also compressed the living space of Taiwan's underground party.
In addition, Chiang Kai-shek also purged the generals of the army on a large scale, and some generals would be excluded as long as they showed a little disloyalty, and Sun Liren was a typical example. Although Sun Liren made great contributions in the early days of Chiang Kai-shek's arrival in Taiwan, he was very arrogant, not only resisting Chiang Ching-kuo's political work system, but also excluding other troops.
Before the liberation of Shanghai, Tang Enbo led the remnants of the defeated army to the Taiwan region, and the task of reception fell on the shoulders of Sun Liren, but Sun Liren refused to vacate the training camp and let the remnants of Tang Enbo live. Chiang Kai-shek accused Sun Liren of being selfish, and Sun Liren said, "Am I selfish? You are selfish, who does not know that Tang Enbo's troops are your concubine troops, if the Communist Party fights, where can you go? You can only jump into the Pacific Ocean! Chiang Kai-shek's face changed drastically after hearing this, and it was not yu Ji, the head of the guards, who came out to play the round field. The scene must have been uncontrollable.
In addition, Sun Liren's excessive incorruptibility also caused dissatisfaction among other generals, and finally Chiang Kai-shek casually found a charge and put him under house arrest. Under this series of measures, Chiang Kai-shek firmly controlled The special system of Taiwan's party, government, military, and constitutional systems in his own hands and stabilized the situation in Taiwan.