01
Confucius "Xunzi Carp":
"If you don't learn 'poetry,' you can't speak; if you don't learn 'etiquette,' you can't stand."
One day, Confucius was standing in the courtyard, and his son Kong Li bowed his head and walked quickly.
Confucius stopped him and asked, "Have you studied poetry?" Kong Carp replied, "No."
Confucius said, "How can you speak without learning poetry?" Kong Carp went back to study poetry.
The next day, Kong Carp met Confucius standing in the courtyard.
Confucius asked, "Have you learned the etiquette?" Kong Li replied, "No." ”
Confucius said, "How do you behave without learning etiquette?" So Kong Carp went back to practice the ceremony.
This story is called "court training", and later the ancients called the father's reprimand of his son "court training".
02
Sima on "Destiny":
And filial piety begins with relatives, in the matter of the king, and finally to establish oneself; to be famous in the hereafter, to show one's parents, the greatest filial piety.
Sima Tan believes that in the more than four hundred years since the death of Confucius, the merger of princes, the severance of history, and the unification of the sea today, there are many deeds of wise lords, loyal and righteous soldiers, and so on.
However, as a Taishi Ling, he could not fulfill his duty of writing, and his heart was very uneasy, so when he was dying, he cried and instructed his son Sima Qian, hoping that he would inherit his father's business and not forget to write history books.
Sima Qian did not live up to his father's orders, and finally wrote the "History of History", which was praised as "the best song of the historians, the departure of the rhymeless".
03
Zhuge Liang's "Book of Commandments":
The journey of a husband and a gentleman is to cultivate himself quietly and cultivate virtue by thrift.
Non-indifference is not clear-sighted, non-tranquility is not far-reaching.
Husbands learn, want to be quiet, and only, must learn.
Non-learning cannot be widely talented, and non-ambition cannot be learned.
Slowness cannot be studied, and impatience cannot be rational.
This is a family letter written by Zhuge Liang to his eight-year-old son in his later years.
In this family letter, Zhuge Liang asked his son to study diligently and make efforts from his indifference and tranquil self-cultivation. Don't be impetuous and behave absurdly.
At the end of the article, he also earnestly taught: "If the young man does not work hard, the old man will be sad." ”
Zhuge Liang worked day and night for the state affairs of the Shu Han Dynasty, and had no time to take care of his son's education, so he wrote this letter to warn his son.
04
Han Yu's famous saying:
1, someone asked me about the world, waved his hand and shook his head and said he didn't know.
2. A man who must be nearby and has a way, and a friend who has given thanks but is ruthless.
3, take a step back naturally elegant, let the three points how idle.
4, endure a few words of carefree, endure a moment of happiness and immortality.
5, poor Mo worries about the rich Moqua, where to see the poor and rich for a long time.
6, it is better to pick the tea of the deep mountain and touch it to drink the wine of the flower street.
7, the eldest husband is easy to start a family, the seven gentlemen are determined not to be difficult.
8, eat vegetable roots light and tasteful, keep the king's law in the dream is not alarmed.
From these few family mottos, it is not difficult to see Han Yu's honest and frank personality, as well as the attitude of treating life as a kind of self-adaptation, peace with encounters, and enlightenment.
This is also what he wants to warn future generations.
05
Lu Youjia Training:
Those who are born later are the most prone to bad things. If so, the father and brother should be worried, and should not be happy.
It is necessary to always add a simple bundle, so that the familiarity of the Bible, the training of generosity and courtesy, do not let the floating and thin people swim around.
Since then, for ten years, the ambition has been self-contained. Otherwise, its worrying things are not covered at one end. I have said this, and the medicine stone of the future life must be careful, and there is no regret.
Lu You attaches great importance to the education of his children, for which he specially wrote a family training for his children and grandchildren.
He told his descendants:
The child's character should start from the doll, with good moral conduct, is a person with a sound personality, in order to truly serve the society; and to educate children, to first become an adult, and then become a talent.
Lu You believes that the growth of children is inseparable from the environment, so it is necessary to make friends.
06
Ji Xiaolan's "Four Precepts" and "Four Yi":
Four Precepts:
One abstains from getting up late; the second abstains from laziness;
The three precepts are extravagant and gorgeous; the four precepts are pride.
Siyi:
Yiyi: diligent reading; second yi: respect for teachers;
Three Yi: Universal love for all sentient beings; Four Yi: Careful diet.
Ji Xiaolan also had a family letter from "Training The Great Son", which was respected by posterity.
In the letter, he taught his son to be cautious about making friends and think twice. Know how to distinguish between gentlemen and villains, and make more friends with honest and useful people.
07
Ouyang Xiu's Doctrine of Teachings:
Jade is not a tool, it is not a tool; people do not learn, they do not know.
However, jade is a thing, and there is an unchanging constant virtue, although it is not considered to be a tool, but it is not harmful to jade.
Human nature, because of things, is moved, do not learn, then give up the gentleman and become a villain, can not be read?
——Selected from Ouyang Xiu's "Doctrine of Teachings"
Ouyang Xiu advised his descendants to study hard and improve their self-cultivation.
Admonishing future generations: People must be carved and polished in order to make a difference, and people's habits are the most susceptible to the external material environment.
If you can't always temper yourself and improve your intellectual cultivation and moral connotation, you will give up a gentleman and become a villain.
08
Bao Zheng family training :
Future generations of eunuchs, who commit adultery, shall not be released to their own families; after their death, they shall not be buried in the great cocoon.
Not from my will, not from my descendants. (Oshi) Yang Jueshi stone, erected on the east wall of the hall house, in order to edict future generations.
Bao Zheng said in his family training that among future generations of officials, if there is corruption, they cannot return to their hometowns, nor are they allowed to be buried on their ancestral graves after death.
Bao Zheng's family training is not only his admonition to his descendants, but also a portrayal of his life.