Qianlong was a famous emperor of the Qing Dynasty and the second longest-reigning emperor in Chinese history, reigning for 60 years. During his reign, the Qing Dynasty reached the peak of its strength and created the last prosperous era in ancient Chinese history, "Kangqian Shengshi".
In qianlong's later years, he looked back on his life, quite boastfully listed the "ten martial arts", and also called himself "the ten perfect old men". In his own words, it is: "The Ten Meritorious Ones, pingdang Gar II, Dinghui One, Jinchuan two, Jing Taiwan one, Burma and Annam one each, that is, the present Gurkha descent, combined into ten." ”
In fact, most of the ten complete merits that Qianlong himself said were true, and only one thing was inaccurate, that is, to surrender to Burma. The real historical data is that the Qing Dynasty went on an expedition to Burma, but was defeated by Burma, returned home, and lost a large area of land.
At that time, the Qing Dynasty was still a powerful country in the world, and Burma in Southeast Asia was only a vassal state of the Qing Dynasty. During the Qianlong period, Burma continued to harass the Qing Dynasty's Yunnan border, and the Qing government was forced to fight back, but in fact, the seemingly simple reasons of the two sides of the battle had different purposes.
Burma was already dominating the Indochina Peninsula at that time, and it was impatient to break away from the control of the Qing Dynasty, break away from the status of a small state in the Fan State, and sit with the Qing Dynasty. The Qing government was thinking about how to recover nearly 90,000 square kilometers of land in the kachin state of northern Myanmar, which had been divided at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty.
Because the Qing Dynasty government was known as the Heavenly Dynasty at that time. Therefore, this arrogant attitude did not take the small country of Burma in the eyes at all, but after the outbreak of the war, it was dumbfounded, and the Qing army was defeated by the Burmese army. This is not the elite army of Burma, because Burma is also fighting Siam, so it is partially pinned down.
To say that the Qing army did not lose unjustly, let's take a look at the situation at that time. At that time, during the Qianlong period, the Qing army was mainly based on cold weapons, advocating that the riding and shooting left by the ancestors hit the world. But Burma is a country with a predominantly mountainous terrain, so the cavalry is basically abolished.
In addition, the Burmese army at that time had already armed a lot of firearms, and when the Qing army's war horses came, they shot a few shots at random and the horses were strung around and did not listen to the command at all. The superiority of the Qing army was completely unable to unfold from the battlefield.
Then, another important reason why the Qing army could not defeat it was that the soldiers were not satisfied. The battlefield is in the tropical region of South Asia, a large part of the Qing army is from the north, simply do not adapt to the local climate and environment, many soldiers have been sick in the past, according to statistics, more than the death of the disease than the battle, even the Commander Mingrui of the Qing army commanding this battle is also due to the water and soil to die of illness.
At the end of the war, the Qing army barely won a little victory under the advantage of huge numbers and logistical support, and the Burmese army retreated and requested peace talks. It seems that the Qing army won the victory, but in fact, it was because Burma took the initiative to demand an armistice and surrender for fear of being caught. However, with its advanced weapons, the Qing army was defeated. If Burma's elite army is not contained, it is difficult to predict the outcome. After Burma gave the Qing Dynasty a step down, the Qing government also promised to stop the war, according to the character of the world's first power, this should not be ah, in the final analysis, only blame the Qing Dynasty for no longer has a temper.
Later, Burma re-paid tribute to the Qing Dynasty, and Burma actually received great benefits. Through this battle, the occupation of nearly 90,000 square kilometers of land in the kachin state of northern Myanmar was consolidated. None of the Qianlong dynasty was able to recover this land, let alone expect the corrupt Qing government in the late Qing Dynasty.
Author: Guoxue that little thing. Daily one read, you are insisting, if you like, welcome to support.
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