This article is originally created by: Upstairs Old Fan
Lü Buwei was a famous merchant in the last years of the Warring States period, and later a minister of the Qin State.
"Why did Jun owe it to Qin?" Qin Fengjun Henan, eating 100,000 households; Why did Jun he kiss Qin? Known as the middle father. He and his family moved to Shu". After Lü Buwei saw it, he sighed and committed suicide by drinking.
What was the reason why Lü Buwei, the great hero of the unification of the Qin Dynasty, the first merchant minister, calmly went to his death after reading these short three-cross letters? First, let's take a look at the extraordinary life of the most successful businessman.
Lü Buwei (?–235 BC), surnamed Jiang (江), lü (Lü), courtesy name Buwei, was the 23rd grandson of Jiang Ziya. Because it was a matriarchal society in the old days, the surname was Lü instead of Jiang. In his early years, he engaged in business in Yang Zhai and supported the proton yiren of the Qin state, that is, the later King Xiang of Qin Zhuang and the father of Yingzheng.
Just by supporting King Xiang of Qin Zhuang, he was a great favor to the Qin state, and Lü Buwei was therefore given the title of Marquis, worshipping the throne, and eating 100,000 households, which was already the highest level of reward in the Warring States period. It can be seen that Lü Buwei is a shrewd businessman with a very unique vision. Then he tried his best to support Yingzheng and secretly develop his own power. Not only that, he also led troops to capture the Zhou Kingdom, the Zhao State, the Wei State, and established Sanchuan County, Taiyuan County, and Dong County, which can be said that during his reign, the Qin State had a hidden unification trend.
Crown Prince Zheng succeeded him as king and honored Lü Buwei as Xiang Bang (相邦) and called him "Zhongfu". The King of Qin was still young, but Lü Buwei's power was already all over the court, as if it had the momentum of overpowering the king's power, which also laid a hidden danger for Lü Buwei's death in the future.
At this point, I have to mention the origin of Empress Zhao, the birth mother of Yin Zheng, the king of Qinzhuang Xiang was named Yiren, and when he was young, he was a hostage in the Zhao kingdom. When he was still a proton, he received a lot of support from Lü Buwei, and once he took a fancy to Lü Buwei's geji at Lü Buwei's banquet, and begged Lü Buwei to give him permission. Although Lü Buwei became a businessman on the rich side by relying on his business acumen, he was eager to gain political power, and in order to completely win the trust of the infidel, he endured the pain and love, and gave this geji to the infidel. This lowly-born Ge Ji was Empress Zhao, the mother of Qin Shi Huang.
And this Empress Zhao was originally Lü Buwei's woman, and King Xiang of Qin zhuang died three years after he ascended the throne, and Yingzheng was fashionable and young, and Lü Buwei often had adultery with Empress Zhao.
If Yingzheng was more cowardly like his father, then everything would be under the control of Lü Buwei, but as the first emperor of the later unification and hegemony, Yingzheng's ambitions were beyond Lü Buwei's control, and Yingzheng did endure it, did not play with Lü Buwei at the height of his popularity, but chose to slowly win over his power...
Lü Buwei knew that sooner or later his relationship with Empress Zhao would be caught by Empress Dowager Zhao, but Empress Zhao was not moved, and her life was still extravagant and promiscuous, so Lü Buwei had to find Concubine Yi and let her pretend to be a eunuch to serve Empress Zhao in order to escape. Legend has it that Yan Yi had the "art of reincarnation" and was deeply favored by Empress Zhao, and even called herself the "false father" of Yingzheng.
The more empress Dowager Zhao favored, the more arrogant she became, and one day she drank with the chancellor, and after drinking, she actually said that she was the "false father" of the King of Qin. There is no impermeable wall in the world, and when the East Window Incident occurred, at this time, the forces accumulated by Yan Yi were enough to compete with Ying Zheng and Lü Buwei, and even launched a mutiny, using the seal letters of the King of Qin and the Empress Dowager to try to kill Lü Buwei, and this action gave the King of Qin, who had already hated Yan Yi to the bone, an opportunity.
Yin Zheng sent troops to clear the Yu Party and exterminate the three tribes, and the King of Qin, who had done all this, finally reached the time to turn over, and at this time Lü Buwei realized that the power of the King of Qin had grown, and the King of Qin had already had the intention of killing him.
After that, the King of Qin ordered people to strictly investigate the rebellion of Yan Yi, and after clarifying the truth of the matter, it was found that the matter was implicated in Xiangguo Lü Buwei. The King of Qin wanted to attack Lü Buwei, but the palace ministers, citing their kindness to the former king, dissuaded the King of Qin and hoped that he would take care of his old feelings. Therefore, It is not good for Yingzheng to publicly punish Lü Buwei, but he is still very jealous of him.
And the reason that finally made the King of Qin move the killing machine was that a year later, the guests of various countries came to visit Lü Buwei, at this time, although Lü Buwei's power was not as strong as at the beginning, it still made the King of Qin feel very worried, once Lü Buwei intended to rebel, it would be a heavy blow to the Qin State, and the King of Qin, who took the unification of the world as the goal, naturally would not be willing to see all this happen.
So he preemptively issued a paper order to send lü Buwei's family to Shudi, with the purpose of keeping him away from the political center and depriving him of the support of his supporters. And Lü Buwei, as an old jianghu, may also know that going to the barren Shu land is bound to be more fierce and less auspicious. If you wait for Shudi, I am afraid that my family will not be spared, and I will be put on a false hat. Only by self-determination, perhaps his own family has a glimmer of life, and Lü Buwei, who calculated the world, naturally also calculated the intention of the King of Qin. At this time, the suicide of the drinking duck is still considered to be the dignity of death, at least it is still the identity of the Qin State.
As a great hero of the unification of the Qin state and the unification of the Qin state, Lü Buwei's life is worthy of being savored by future generations. Behind his shrewd decision-making, what we can see is the shadow of his businessman. It is this businessman mentality that has made him; But the businessman mentality as a double-edged sword also allowed him to lose himself in power and eventually go down the road of destruction. It is precisely because of these things that future generations will always evaluate him as a successful businessman and minister, not a hero who governs the country