What is history: it is the echo of the past to the future, the reflection of the future on the past. - Hugo
After the Manchus entered the customs, they had been worried that the people would carry the slogan of "restoring the light" against the Qing, so they tried their best to pinch all kinds of signs in their swaddling. However, various anti-Qing uprisings in the people were continuous, but it seemed that only the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement had become the climate. Looking at this history now, various comments are also objective, and some of Hong Xiuquan's views have their own progress, but his subsequent series of actions are really criticized.
At that time, Sun Yat-sen was extremely recognized by Hong Xiuquan and openly publicized him. In the eyes of historians, his intention was to inspire more aspirants to overthrow the Qing government, so his evaluation of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was quite high, and those generals were "national heroes". Moreover, Sun Yat-sen also encouraged others to write a "History of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom War", although it had little historical value, but this was quite positive at that time.
So, why did Hong Xiuquan suddenly turn against the Qing?
Hong Xiuquan is a farmer's son, reading is very attentive, that is, the exam luck is not good, repeatedly failed the exam, this blow is too big, so it is a serious illness. In 1943, after failing the exam again, I read a book called "Persuasion to the World", which is a Christian sermon. Hong Xiuquan's thinking after reading it was different from others, others may believe in Christianity wholeheartedly, and Hong Xiuquan thinks that he is God.
As a result, Hong Xiuquan opened another state of life, first baptizing himself, and then, he and his friends went to the neighborhood to preach, and also wrote a lot of "lesson plans", such as "The Original Road Salvation Song", the content of course is to say how bad the society at that time made people believe in "worshiping God". During this period, Hong Xiuquan also applied to join the Christian church, but was rejected. So, he went to Guangxi again, and at this time there were already many believers in the "Worship god Society", and he was worshipped as the leader.
Hong Xiuquan is a very ambitious person, but his ideals have been repeatedly defeated by examinations, and he simply established himself as a king and made his own decision. He was able to capture Nanjing in two years, which shows that his early slogans were deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. When he preached the worship of God, he talked about the idea of "the world is just", which was too captivating for the low-level people who had no land.
So, what did Hong Xiu do after he built the capital?
On March 19 of the third year of Xianfeng, he captured Nanjing, beheading Lu Jianying, the governor of Liangjiang, and the general Xianghou of Jiangning. On the 29th, Hong Xiuquan entered the city, changed Nanjing to Tianjing, and made it the capital of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, promulgating the "Heavenly Dynasty Tianmu System". Only then, the Taiping Army divided into armies and marched east, conquering Zhenjiang and Yangzhou. Since then, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Revolution has entered a new stage of pushing victory throughout the country. In the more than 10 years since then, the Taiping Army has continued to march west, north and east, and the flames of war have spread throughout most of China.
During this period, of course, the administrative outline was necessary, but judging from the performance in the later period, these measures do not seem to have played any helping role, so is it that these "systems" do not obey the water and soil, or is there another reason?
Here, let's first take a look at Hong Xiuquan's own approach.
"Notes on Jiangnan Spring Dream" tells a large string of data about Hong Xiuquan's personal life. There were no eunuchs in the Heavenly Palace, and all the service staff were women. These women who work are in high positions, and the Erpin female officials directly manage 60 people (including themselves), these 60 people each manage 20 people, and 1200 people take care of the big and small affairs of the Heavenly Palace. Let's take a look at Hong Xiuquan's backyard, which is also the place where posterity has attacked the most, the revolution has not yet been fully successful, and Hong Tianwang only cares about his own gentleness every day.
According to the data given in this book, Hong Xiuquan's concubines have a total of 1169 people, what is this concept, the imperial family is only three palaces, six courtyards and seventy-two concubines, which is ten times more than a bend. Didn't Hong Xiuquan say that he was "God", so how did these concubines of his determine the "title"? There is one queen mother-in-law, she manages 16 positions, what love niang, wonderful daughter, etc., a total of 208 people; 24 princesses, under the name of 7 positions, a total of 960 people.
Seeing these data, it is estimated that everyone will understand that Hong Tianwang has to take care of such a large-scale "family", even if he still has energy in the revolution. Even the concubines and staff, there are more than 2300 women in the Heavenly Palace. If Hong Xiuquan's motivation for obtaining meritorious fame was to enrich the backyard, then his goal was far more than that. Therefore, it is not surprising that the uprising failed later, and the eyes can only see the land on the tip of the toe, and naturally cannot go far.
However, later, when the Qing soldiers surrounded Tianjing, Hong Xiuquan's approach could still see the integrity of the readers. At that time, there was no food in the city, Hong Xiuquan did not choose to abandon the city, and while holding on, he also dug up hundreds of grasses in the grass in the palace, made it into a ball, and gave a name "sweet dew" to let everyone eat this full stomach. There are also different theories about his death, some say that he died of illness, some say that he committed suicide, and a month and a half after his death, the tianjing city was destroyed.
Some people have regretted that according to the rhythm of the early stage, this uprising should have a probability of setting off the Qing government. However, if you look closely, this possibility is not very likely, at that time, China was already targeted by the great powers, and they needed a government that could cooperate. Inside, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was obsessed with personal enjoyment from top to bottom, and outside, they didn't have any foreign support, so how could such a war be won?
Hong Xiuquan should have let himself be defeated by the books he read, he did not want others to decide his fate again, but did he really think about what he regarded these believers when he led a group of believers to make a revolution? People followed him to live a good life, instead of looking at him and the original emperor, but he did not even have a wife.