Wen Tianxiang's majestic righteousness

"Source of this article: Learning Times"

Mencius: I am good at nurturing my mighty qi. Mencius was known for his mighty qi, when he pushed the name of Xiangwen Tianxiang at the end of the Song Dynasty. Wen Tianxiang was born in Luling, which is known as the "State of Articles and Righteousness". When he was young, he saw that the ancestral hall of the Xuegong Palace contained portraits of the townspeople Ouyang Xiu, Yang Bangqi, Hu Quan, and others, all of whom had the word "loyalty", and he swore an oath: "There is no non-trick bean, non-husband!" Wen Tianxiang's life, just like this oath of his, was loyal to the Song Dynasty, mighty and unyielding, generous and righteous, reflecting the grandeur and righteousness of the eldest husband. The right path is difficult to follow, retreat and keep your mind. Wen Tianxiang was amazing in his literary talent, and he was only 21 years old when he was a high school champion. In November 1259, the Southern Song Dynasty border pass was in a hurry, and the internal servant Dong Songchen advocated moving the capital to Siming. After Wen Tianxiang learned about it, he decided to risk his life to enter the counsel. At that time, Wen Tianxiang had completed his period of mourning for his father, and had just returned to the dynasty to make up for his official duties, and before he had officially taken office, he presented the "Book of The Emperor Who Has Not Yet Gone to the Emperor" in the name of offering a book in the name of the edict, and urged Emperor Lizong of Song to protect the country, cut off his personal love, and sentence the minister Dong Songchen to the right canon to reassure the army. At the same time, he also put forward four propositions for resisting foreign enemies and protecting the border and the people, that is, the simple grammar is used to establish affairs, the imitation of fang towns is built and defended, the unity is used to draw troops, and the qualifications are broken to employ people. However, Song Lizong did not respond to this letter. Wen Tianxiang deeply felt that it was difficult to follow the right path, and resolutely resigned his official post and returned to his hometown. Later, the imperial court repeatedly recruited him, because the traitors were in charge, the words were not clear, and the ambition to save the country and save the people could not be carried out, So Wen Tianxiang chose to retire to preserve his integrity. Destroy the family to relieve the difficulties, magnet Dan heart. At the beginning of 1275, the Yuan army approached Lin'an, and the imperial court issued the "Edict of Sorrow", ordering all the places to raise troops to serve the king, and passed on a message to Wen Tianxiang, asking him to "quickly rise up and send a diligent king and righteous soldiers, and go forward to go to the battlefield". Strong enemies suppress the territory, the country will fall, Wen Tianxiang did not hesitate to stand up to receive the edict. "The country is in great calamity, and it is not possible not to be born to defend the emperor!" Wen Tianxiang has already expressed his determination to defend the country in the "Book of The Life of Uncle Peng", and at this time, he is even more duty-bound and righteous. However, for a long-retired scribe, recruiting soldiers to serve the king is not an easy task. Wen Tianxiang had no other reliance than an edict from the imperial court and a title of Jiangxi Executioner who had been held more than a decade earlier. In order to recruit volunteer soldiers, he ran up and down, went to the door to hire Chen Jizhou and Chen Fengfu as the military curtain, and joined forces with Ganzhou Haojie to jointly raise troops. In order to raise military expenses, Wen Tianxiang took the lead in destroying his family and relieving difficulties and setting off a wave of donations, which not only solved the urgent need for military expenditure, but also greatly boosted morale and united the morale of the army. At the beginning of 1276, the Three Roads Army of the Yuan Army was stationed less than thirty miles north of Lin'an, and the Yuan Right Minister Boyan designated the Song Court Minister to go to beg for surrender, and Chen Yizhong, the Right Minister of the Southern Song Dynasty at the time, absconded overnight after hearing about it. In desperation, Empress Xie had no choice but to promote Wen Tianxiang, who was the main warrior, to the position of Right Minister, and ordered him to go to the Yuan camp to negotiate surrender. Bo Yan originally thought that the comers should bow their knees and bow down to the subject, but they did not expect that Wen Tianxiang was not humble and argued according to reason, so he was furious and threatened to execute Wen Tianxiang. Wen Tianxiang was awe-inspiring and fearless, and said: "Wu Nan Dynasty Yuanyuan Prime Minister, but owe a death to the country, the sword saws are wok, not to be afraid!" Bo Yan was helpless, put him under house arrest and held him hostage in Dadu. Halfway through, Wen Tianxiang took advantage of the fact that the Yuan army was not ready to escape, and after nine deaths, he went south to defect to the imperial court. The famous sentence "The subject's heart is a magnetic needle stone, and he does not guide the party and refuses to rest" comes from the poem "Yangtze River" written when he returned to the mouth of the Yangtze River, expressing his loyalty to the heart of the magnet of the Song Dynasty. Imprisoned, righteous and majestic. At the end of 1278, Wen Tianxiang committed suicide after the defeat of his army and was unfortunately captured. He wrote the heart-pounding "Crossing zero Ding Yang", expressing the heart of martyrdom with death: "When hard work is encountered, there are few stars around it." The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is fluttering, and the life is floating and raining. The panic beachhead said trepidation, zero Ding Yang sighed zero Ding. Life since ancient times who has not died, leave Dan heart to sweat and green. When the Yuan general Zhang Hongfan asked him to write a letter to Zhang Shijie to persuade him to surrender, Wen Tianxiang copied the poem and said sternly: "I can't save my parents, but I teach people to betray their parents. In the dark earthen prison, Wen Tianxiang made another "Song of Righteous Qi" to show his heart: "Heaven and earth have righteous qi, and they are mixed with manifolds." The lower part is the river, and the upper part is the sun. To people know haoran, Pei Hu Cang. In the face of death threats, Wen Tianxiang's iron bones were strong and his righteousness was awe-inspiring. In 1282, Kublai Khan personally persuaded him to surrender, and in order to appoint the post of chancellor, Wen Tianxiang was not at all moved, saying that he would never be a vassal of the second surname, and only wished to die. He had already prepared his last words: "Kong Yue Chengren, Meng Yue takes righteousness." But his righteousness is exhausted, so he is benevolent. What did you learn by reading the books of the sages? And now and then, shu is almost worthy! Before his execution, Wen Tianxiang went south to bid farewell to his homeland and calmly became righteous. Wen Tianxiang was full of great righteousness and integrity, and he was in the annals of history. After the Song Dynasty, whether it was the feudal rulers, or the scholars, or the common people, they were full of praise for Wen Tianxiang's heroic integrity. The Ming Dynasty general Qian praised him: "Martyrdom forgets oneself, and sacrifices one's life for righteousness." Swallow the world, sincerely feel the heavens and the earth. Qianlong, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, commented on him: "The heart of loyalty is not in vain out of a momentary excitement, but over time, it is full of encouragement, and it competes with the sun and the moon for glory." "Wen Tianxiang's lofty righteousness has inspired countless benevolent people in later generations to sacrifice their lives and forget their deaths at the time of national crisis, and to serve the country loyally!