There have been many lockdowns in the history of Xi'an, among which there have been three lockdowns implemented by the rulers on their own initiative: namely, the closed management of the Great Han Chang'an City to eliminate the "Lü virus", the closed management of the Tang Dynasty Chang'an City to resist foreign troubles with one heart, and the closed management of Xi'an City during the modern "Two Tigers Guarding Chang'an" period, and the eight months of xi'an City's closed management and adherence to it for eight months without compromising with the "counter-revolutionary virus". Every time the closed management has achieved the final major victory, the heroic Xi'an City and the heroic Xi'an people have embraced the belief of victory and ushered in a great revival after the city was unsealed!
Closed management of Chang'an City in the Great Han Dynasty: Pacify Zhulu and lay the foundation for the prosperity of Wenjing
In April 195 BC, Han Gaozu's ancestor Liu Bang died in Changle Palace, Emperor Hui of Han took the throne, Empress Dowager Lü Yan began to take charge of military and political power, and after Emperor Hui's death, he successively supported his two young sons as emperors. Lü Hou violated the Gaozu testament of "not the King of the Liu Clan, the World Strikes Together", and the Prince of Lü was enfeoffed, and has become the "Lü Virus" that plagues the World of the Great Han Dynasty and the heart of the heart. In July 180 BC, Lü Hou died, and the King of Qi, under the name of "leading an army into the wrong king", joined forces with the princes surnamed Liu to fight against the Lü clan. Lü Lu, Lü Chan, and others originally wanted to preemptively attack and control Chang'an, but they were worried about Zhou Bo and Liu Zhang, and they were afraid of Qi Bing and the veteran generals who attacked the baby, so they hesitated.
During the Western Han Dynasty, the Northern Army, commanded by lieutenant (Zhi Jinwu), was well-equipped, had strong combat effectiveness, and was loyal and righteous. Although Zhou Bo was a lieutenant, he had no military power in his hands, and he thought that he wanted to pacify Zhu Lü and would control the Northern Army, so he sent someone to force Li Ji, who was deeply trusted by Lü Lu, to coax Lü Lu to surrender the military power of the Northern Army. Lü Lu consulted with Lü Chan and others, and when there was a disagreement, he learned that Dou Bao had conspired with the princes of Qi and Chu to return to Attack Chang'an. When the lieutenant Zhou Bo learned of the news, he took drastic measures to order Lü Lu to surrender his military power through the Imperial Palace's Marquis Ji Tong of Xiangping, who was in charge of the Fu Festival. Under the dual pressure of divine will and persuasion from his cronies, Lü Lu had to obey. Zhou Bo immediately ordered Liu Zhang, the Marquis of Zhuxu, to lead more than a thousand generals of the Northern Army who were "left for Liu Shi" to show their allegiance to the Han Dynasty to attack Weiyang Palace. Lü Chan wanted to go to Weiyang Palace to lead the Southern Army to resist, but was led by Liu Zhang to break through the door, at this time the wind was fierce, the sand was in the sky, Lü Chan's subordinates thought that Cangtian also disliked the Lü clan, and suddenly the army was scattered and fled for their lives. Liu Zhang took advantage of the victory to pursue, beheaded Lü Chan in the toilet of LangzhongFu, swirled the division Changle Palace, and killed the wei lieutenant Lü Gengshi. When the good news came, Zhou Bo daxi said: "The one who suffered from the exclusive birth has now been cursed, and the world will be determined." So he ordered the whole city to be closed, and "sent a branch to arrest all the men and women of The Lu, and beheaded all the young men and women." The people of Chang'an City had a heart for the Han Dynasty, and had long been disgusted with the "Lü virus", and actively cooperated with the imperial court to kill Lü Lu, who was hidden in the people, to flogg and kill Marquis Lü of Linguang, and to kill Lü Tong, the king of Yan, and Zhu Lü was swept away. The subjects of Chang'an jointly welcomed Emperor Gaozu's son Liu Heng (劉恒) the Prince of Han to succeed him as Emperor Wen of Han. The closed management of the city provided important conditions for the elimination of the "Lü virus", and the persistence of the people of Chang'an City in the Great Han Dynasty was not betrayed. When the gates of the Han Chang'an City were opened again, that is, when Chang'an City went from great chaos to great rule, China entered the first prosperous era of feudal society - "the rule of Wenjing".
Closed management of Chang'an City in the Tang Dynasty: Emperor Taizong retreated from the enemy and created the reign of Zhenguan
In 626, Tang Taizong Li Shimin first ascended dabao, and the Eastern Turks' Jieli Khan and Tuli Khan led their armies to invade Jingzhou (present-day Jingchuan County, Gansu Province) and Wugong (present-day Wugong County, Shaanxi Province), and Tang Taizong ordered "Martial Law in Beijing", the city was closed and administered, and the people of Chang'an City of the Tang Dynasty fought against foreign troubles with one heart. Although the Eastern Turks were able to advance and attack Gaoling and Jingyang, the people of Chang'an were not afraid. With the support of the people, Chi Jingde, the commander-in-chief of the march, broke the enemy in Jingyang and "beheaded more than a thousand people", which greatly boosted morale and won the hearts and minds of the people. It is the 28th day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar, and the Turkic Jieli Khan arrived at the north of the Weishui Ben Bridge. At this time, the Troops of Chang'an were empty, but the people of Tang Chang'an during the period of closed administration held the belief that they would win, believing that the officers and troops would be able to defeat the Eastern Turks. Encouraged by the people of Chang'an, Li Shimin personally led Gao Shilian, Fang Xuanling and 6 others to retreat from the enemy. The support of the people in Chang'an City made Li Shimin full of confidence, and he said to the minister: "I am already familiar with the plan, not the secretary of state knows... Subdue the Turks, in one fell swoop. Tang Taizong talked to Jie Li across the weishui, reprimanded him for reneging on his promise, and knew what was at stake. Soon the large armies arrived one after another, and JieLi saw that the army was grand and majestic, and the people of Chang'an were bent on resisting the enemy and were greatly frightened, so they asked for reconciliation. Two days later, Li Shimin went to Benqiao again, and made an alliance with JieLi to kill the white horse, forming an "alliance of Weishui".
The "Alliance of Weishui" was an important turning point in the changes in the strength and weakness of the Tang Dynasty and the Turks. The day the Chang'an City Gate is reopened is the day when the Tang Dynasty returns to its heart. After Emperor Taizong of Tang's efforts, the Tang Dynasty greatly increased its strength and decided to attack the Eastern Turks. In the fourth year of Zhenguan (630 AD), Li Shimin sent the famous general Li Jing on a campaign to capture Jieli Khan, who was pardoned after Li Shimin counted five major crimes. For the rest of his life, Jieli had the privilege of experiencing the rule of Zhenguan and the prosperous tang dynasty under the rule of the "Heavenly Khan" in Chang'an City. He was grateful and personally danced for Emperor Taizong Li Shimin and Emperor Li Yuan at the banquet, and the humiliation of being swept away by the Turkic soldiers in the early Tang Dynasty was swept away, and the years of closed management of the people of Chang'an became their proud capital.
In modern Times, Xi'an City was closed and managed: "The Two Tigers guarded Chang'an", and the military and the people resisted the enemy with one heart
After modern times, Xi'an, as a heroic city and a revolutionary city, has also left its name in history, and what is particularly worthy of a book is the "Two Tigers Guarding Chang'an" of the Shaanxi military and civilian resistance to the warlords. On April 7, 1926, the warlord Liu Zhenhua, who had been expelled by the people of Xi'an, led the Eighth Division of the Zhensong Army into Shaanxi from Tongguan, colluding with Wu Xintian, Kong Fanjin and other troops to besiege Xi'an, hoping to infect the ancient capital with a "counter-revolutionary virus" again. When Liu Zhenhua committed the crime, Wei Yezu and other responsible Shaanxi party organizations called on the people of Xi'an to resolutely resist. With the help of the party organization, the Nationalist Army elected Li Huchen as the commander-in-chief and Yang Hucheng as the deputy commander, and implemented a closed management of the city of Xi'an.
Liu Zhenhua attempted to make a quick decision, but after being defeated, he sent troops to encircle the city of Xi'an on all sides on May 15. After the siege of the city, the rampant attack of the Zhensong army was heroically resisted by the people and defenders in Xi'an. On June 15 alone, the tug-of-war at the Small Wild Goose Pagoda in Nanguan lasted for four days and nights, and the battle lasted five times, and by the 18th, the defenders retaken the Small Wild Goose Pagoda and preserved the throat position of Nanguan. On September 17, the defenders inflicted great casualties on Liu Zhenhua's 500 death squads who stole the city, leaving only twenty-five survivors. The more rampant the attack of the Zhensong army, the greater the difficulty of defending the city, at that time, Xi'an's traffic was completely cut off, the ammunition in the city was very scarce, the food and fuel became a problem, and some of the defenders were shaken. At this critical moment, the party organization led the broad masses of workers, students, and others, calling on everyone to stick to Xi'an, obey closed management, and never compromise with the "counter-revolutionary virus." Yang Hucheng, with the direct help of Wei Yeyu, said that he would never make peace with Liu Yan, and declared: "Although I am left alone, I must not die!" Those who have made proposals and peace, that is, engaged in military law. In mid-November, after the nationalist coalition army entered Shaanxi, it would join the division of Xianyang and immediately attack in three ways, defeating Liu Zhenhua's army at Monkey Village. On the 28th, Feng Yuxiang, Yang Hucheng, Li Huchen, and others should cooperate with each other, and the Shaanxi army, the nationalist army, and the Red Gun Society in other places also responded one after another, completely defeating Liu Zhenhua's department, and the city of Xi'an was finally completely lifted, and the city gate was opened again.
Under the correct leadership of the Communist Party of China, the heroic struggle of the people of Xi'an, and the persistence of the revolutionary generals, the xi'an military and people finally defeated the rampant attacks of Liu Zhenhua and other warlords, foiled the conspiracy of the warlords to make a comeback of the "counter-revolutionary virus," and won a major victory in the northern battlefield of the Northern Expedition. The heroic people of Xi'an and the people of revolutionary Xi'an persevered for eight months because they believed that victory would come and victory would come!
Ten years after the "Two Tigers Guarding Chang'an", the Xi'an Incident was launched and resolved peacefully, and the xi'an people's proposition of "opposing the civil war and resisting Japan to save the country" was realized. After the baptism of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, Xi'an was liberated on May 20, 1949, and Xi'an, a heroic city and revolutionary city with a long history and culture, ushered in a new life. Soon after, the establishment of the People's Republic of China marked the advent of another peaceful and prosperous era!
History has eloquently proved that the closed management of Xi'an City was only pressed the pause button, and the moment the Xi'an City Gate was opened again, our city will surely usher in a great rejuvenation again!
Source: Xi'an Local History Office 《Yue Jian Xi'an》
Edit: Sun Mengxin
Review: Zhang Leli