The Yuan Dynasty can be said to be the most overlooked dynasty among all dynasties, why? Because he was the first dynasty that was not ruled by the Han Chinese, and it is also the largest dynasty in Chinese history, its scope can reach as far as West Asia and Eastern Europe. However, there is still a debate in history about its age, after all, from Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan, there is a difference of at least 60 years of history, which also makes the Yuan Dynasty have a historical error of nearly 60 years.
But even in the world's largest country at that time, the Yuan Dynasty inevitably encountered some problems in the process of expansion, and these problems just led to the Yuan Dynasty's inability to go further in the expansion process of West Asia.
One: the geographical distance is too long
You know, the means of transportation at that time were not so convenient now, and the horses that were the main means of transportation and combat strength at that time were not available to everyone. This has led to the fact that when expanding the territory, there are fewer people going, and they can only queue up to die, but the more people who go, the more they will be delayed on the road for a long time, and the grain and grass and money that need to be consumed will be more. The area of West Asia is not like the Mongolian plains, not only the complex terrain limits the tactics of the Mongol cavalry, but also indirectly leads to the logistics because the distance is too long to keep up with the large troops in front. In the end, this place in West Asia was like a chicken rib in the eyes of the Yuan Dynasty, and it was good to take it, but if it was not taken, there would be no loss.
It is precisely for this reason that the expansion of the Yuan Dynasty in this part of West Asia was not so great, and because there were many large and small countries in West Asia at that time, the national strength between them could not defeat the Yuan Dynasty, not to mention that it was still deeply involved in civil war at that time, so the Yuan Dynasty saw that even if West Asia got its hands, it would not be of any benefit, so it relaxed its expansion of West Asia.
Second: The internal political instability of the Yuan Dynasty
There are external factors, and there are many internal factors of the Yuan Dynasty. As a dynasty with the largest territory, the Yuan Dynasty did not learn much else, but the infighting in the past dynasties learned a lot. If we regard the Yuan Dynasty as after kublai Khan established the state, then the Yuan Dynasty lasted for a hundred years, and within this hundred years, sixteen different emperors successively ascended the throne. What is this concept? Even in ancient times, even if it was considered that 60 years old is an advanced age, the algorithm of 30 years old should normally have only 4 or 5 emperors in a hundred years. What is even more outrageous about these sixteen emperors is that the founding and final reigns accounted for half of the total, and the remaining 14 were equivalent to each emperor who had only been emperors for less than 4 years because of various circumstances. This shows how fierce the internal struggle is. Because each emperor's policies and views were different, it also made the external plan unstable, which was one of the main reasons for the demise of the Yuan Dynasty.
Three: Civil wars and chaos have risen one after another
This can be said to be the reason why the Yuan Dynasty was extremely depleted and unable to actively expand its own territory. As mentioned earlier, the Yuan Dynasty was the first dynasty ruled by ethnic minorities, and under the circumstances at that time, even the literacy rate of the Han Dynasty was quite scarce, not to mention the Mongols, who had always lived mainly on nomadic life and relied on cavalry. Therefore, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were quite sharp ethnic contradictions within the Yuan Dynasty, on the one hand, the Han people felt that these people had no culture and did not understand things, and on the other hand, the Mongols felt that they were the rulers, you should come according to me, and the Han people should bow down to us. Coupled with the frequent changes of rulers within the Yuan Dynasty, the rule of some distant places could not be interfered with, so that the local administrators oppressed the people and the people did not have a good life. Therefore, uprisings in various places always rose and fell, although these uprisings were only small uprisings, but they also played a great role in the Yuan Dynasty's army, making it impossible for them to actively expand abroad.
Fourth: Adjustment of the strategic policies of the Yuan Dynasty
The traditional custom of the Mongols at that time was not to fight and then arrange manpower to manage, but to follow the tradition, to take the countries that were willing to surrender as vassal states, and to carry out a unified administration as the suzerainty. This leads to the fact that you, as the suzerain, must accept gifts from subordinates every year and then better return to show your strength. Coupled with the hundreds of revolts within the Yuan Dynasty every year, the cost of its own as a ruling class, and the corruption and corruption of administrators elsewhere. This made the internal revenue of the imperial court almost every year in deficit, becoming increasingly tense. Foreign wars were the most expensive and the longest, which forced the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty in the middle and late period to temporarily shelve or even stop foreign wars and concentrate on easing the financial crisis by doing a good job of domestic importances.
And these reasons are precisely some important factors that led to why the Yuan Dynasty did not go further after expanding to West Asia, because the Yuan Dynasty at that time was already full of internal and external troubles, unlike the iron horse of the original Genghis Khan period, which was able to cross the entire continent to the Danube River without scruples.