When it comes to China's ancient culture, it is inevitable that the Song Dynasty will be thought of. The Northern Song Dynasty left a strong mark on future generations economically and culturally. In addition to the development of the country itself, it is commendable that there are countless famous courtiers in this period, and the strength of a country requires the participation of these able people.
In the era of famous courtiers, people thought that this would make the country stronger and the people live happier. However, from the historical facts, we have found that in such an era, the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun near the Song Dynasty have not been unified, and the most difficult to let go of is that the shame of Jingkang appeared at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty.
So there are many famous courtiers, why do they still have such consequences? In fact, in the face of these major historical events, the ability of the courtiers has long been far beyond the controllable range
There are many civilian subjects and the military strength is not strong
1. There is a lack of excellent military generals, and the country is in a lot of difficulties
A big country with comprehensive strength, culture and martial arts must be developed together, as long as there is a shortage of any plank, the overall fate of the country will go to a bad side.
For his part, song's founders, he did not want the military generals to be too capable, which could threaten a stable regime. In a hierarchical society, the assumption of power is a dream of, and it is the humanity exposed in a particular society. If you want to fundamentally change your identity and at the same time become a person above ten thousand people, you must pay a certain amount of force.
That's how entrepreneurs change their lives. In the face of the hard-won Jiangshan, he was reluctant to let people who had the same ideas as himself appear. Taking advantage of the power, he took out all the people around him who could threaten the country with military power. After not having a recent illness, he began to worry about the days ahead. In order to make society comprehensively weaken the status of military generals, he introduced policies that affected hundreds of years.
The message indicates that all those who work in literature in society are the most popular and will be of high status. Those martial arts that were opposed to Wen were originally going to develop with Wen, but they were stomped heavily on the ground.
All policies in society that are conducive to the development of officials are all on the side of civilian officials. In addition to the limitations of status, there are also big differences in money and wages.
These conscripts were paid less than their civilian ranks. Affected by the long-term unfair environment, the military generals do not have a good living space. Many staff members do not have a good sense of accomplishment, and the value is not fully utilized. When the morale of the generals was weakened, their overall spirit was also greatly suppressed. The barracks, which should have been ready for training at all times, were in a state of exhaustion all year round.
There are no strict rules and regulations in the team, and people's minds are not at all on their own work. The overall inferior team has lost its core competitiveness in the face of the great enemy. Neither in dealing with the Sixteen States nor in resisting the Golden Men could exert their effective power.
2. It is difficult for famous ministers to exert value at critical moments
At that time, ministers like Fan Zhongyan had lofty ideals in their hearts and were willing to lead by example and give full play to the spirit of scholars. "Before the world is worried and worried, after the world is happy and happy", putting aside personal honor and disgrace and safety. With excellent quality and extremely high talent, they have made great contributions to the internal health and stability of society.
The talents of these civilian ministers are more reflected in the administration of officials, and there is little involvement in military matters, so when faced with a great enemy, these people simply cannot rush to the front, have no professional knowledge, do not have excellent physical fitness, and they can only watch the tragedy unfold in the capital. Society has left all the honors to the civil service, so most people spend their lives studying the abilities that the civil servants should have, such as talent, writing, thinking and justification.
Due to the low degree of social attention, there are very few people engaged in martial arts, so there are even fewer people who want to find out more effective people from it. A big country needs to do a good job of external stability at all times. Without a reliable and strong border support, all the foundations will become zero, and even the best internal development will be invaded by foreigners.
The overall orientation of national policy deprives the famous ministers of the opportunity to save the overall situation
1. In order to minimize the risk of losing the country, the emperor asked his descendants to give up the unification of the sixteen states
The scattered sixteen states had a great influence on the stability of the country, and for the emperor, he had long been aware of this problem. They have made a lot of efforts to this end, first of all, the entrepreneur who made his fortune in martial arts, he tried many times, but the strength of the other party is too strong, and it is a hard bone for the newly established country.
If the surrounding areas are taken down, the development of Song will enter a new stage. However, the overall tone of the Northern Song Dynasty at that time was to support the development of literature, and the state invested most of its energy and money in related fields. Armies without sufficient resources were repeatedly frustrated in the face of great enemies, and once royal people were wounded as a result, which was no small matter.
In the eyes of the monarchs of the time, it was the best choice to stop in time and no longer provoke these outdoor places. Instead of wasting energy and consuming inventory, it is better to focus on internal development, which is also powerful and does not sacrifice. This policy was decided by the emperor alone, and it was regarded as an important testament, and all his descendants must follow this strategy.
When the descendants have the ability to fight against foreign enemies, they will not be able to advance, and in their hearts the will of the emperor cannot be violated. At this time, even the most famous minister will not be able to make a rebuttal. Although Song encouraged his courtiers to speak freely, they could give full play to their talents.
But they were still suppressed in the pyramids, and the emperor was always in the highest position. Even if the famous courtiers have the correct opinion, once their words and deeds violate the rules of the royal family, no matter how famous they are, they will ignore them.
2. Song neglected to take precautions, Jin attacked in an all-round way, and the chancellor was powerless
The loopholes in the border defense of the Northern Song Dynasty were not formed for a while, but were formed in the perennial lack of attention. Sometimes I can't see any change in the situation, in fact, the enemy has unconsciously made sufficient preparations, once the time is ripe, it will catch Song off guard. The monarchs did not notice this, and the famous courtiers of Wen Qiang had long been engaged in a field far beyond the military scope, and their abilities were not enough to resist Jin's iron horse.
"Jing Kang's shame is still not snowy, and when will the courtiers hate to extinguish", this shame is fatal, and the development of the country is completely out of the control of the monarch. They could not even grasp their own life and death, and everything was in the hands of the Jin people. They lost all their dignity in the face of foreign enemies, and the prestige of the great powers was lost at this time.
What is even more sad is the innocent people, who are trampled by the enemy like ants. This tragic thing did not happen in the border areas, but in the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.
In the long-term development of the Northern Song Dynasty, it has left a good impression on the world, although it is deficient in some aspects, but the cultural undertaking has a high international status. But the later humiliation made them completely understand that no matter how many accomplished civil servants and no matter how powerful the cultural undertakings were, they could not resist the barbaric and crude baptism in the end. When the country was broken, the courtiers did not know what kind of mood they were in, and they did not know whether they would think of the military generals.
Geographical location affects military strength, and in essence it is not the responsibility of a famous subject
1. The plains limit military development
When Jin arrived, the people of Song City had realized the importance of horses. In their eyes, the fast horses galloping past are like the devils who are desperate for their lives, and people are full of fear. Those fat horses were unfamiliar to the citizens. They live in lush vegetation and have a place where they can run freely.
These were a bit impractical for the Northern Song Dynasty, when the capital was full of plains, perfect for human habitation and crop growth. But these are not suitable for the exercise and growth of horses, there is no good conditional horse farm, excellent horses are few and far between.
Kim is completely different, they have received such things since childhood, with high physical fitness and strong mobility. In the face of strong enemies, the capital at that time had no way to respond effectively. The warriors can also play the residual heat. For the civilian officials who account for the majority of the share, whether they are famous or not is not important at this moment.
In the face of the iron hoof, all people were broken and temporarily restored to equality. Whether or not the life of the offender is all about whether the attackers will be retained, many ministers can not bear such humiliation, and have to hastily end their lives. In the face of survival, poetry is no longer important, status is no longer important.
2. The calamity of the Northern Song Dynasty was already buried at the beginning of the founding of the country, and it was impossible for the famous courtiers to change it
Quantitative change affects qualitative change, and at the time of the founding of the country, the general idea has been established, which means that future monarchs have followed such a heavy strategy. Its mistakes are formed over time, and the longer the time, the more prominent the achievements in the literary field, the more the country's security is exposed. For the areas around them, they are waiting for a great opportunity.
The internal development of these regions is completely opposite to that of the Song, who envied the civilization of the Great Song and admired the wisdom and invention of the Song people, which they took a long time to do. But they have a force that Song doesn't have, and they can knock them down with just one thing.
epilogue:
Judging from the development history of the Northern Song Dynasty, the civilization it produced cannot be ignored by history, and although the ending of the Song Dynasty is regrettable, it is like it has been doomed in the dark. Fame is its pride, and culture is also its pride.
But the wrong military concept makes it go to an abyss on its own, and it is the brilliant civilizations that pay the price, so we can also know how important comprehensive national strength is for a country.
bibliography:
General History of China
The End of the Chronicle of the History of song
"Eighteen Rides of Yanyun"
History of the Song Dynasty