When it comes to the ancient secret service organization, the first thing that everyone thinks of is the Daming Jinyi Guard, which makes officials feel frightened.
In the Ariake dynasty, the Jinyiwei continued to exist until 1661 AD, when ma Jixiang, the commander of the Jinyiwei of the Yongli Emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty, was killed with the head of the guard Ren Zixin in the curse of the water, and then officially perished, at the age of 290.
Jinyi Wei was the exclusive military and political intelligence collection agency of the Ming Dynasty, formerly known as the Gongwei Division established by Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming Emperor, and later renamed the Pro-Military Duwei Mansion, which ruled over the Yiluan Division, and was in charge of the emperor's honor guards and bodyguards.
It was not until the fifteenth year of Hongwu that the pro-military capital Weifu and the Yiluan Division were abolished and replaced with Jinyi Guards.
Jinyiwei is only a military institution that guards the guards, but how can it make people feel frightened?
First of all, Jinyiwei is engaged in reconnaissance, arrest, interrogation and other activities, and also participates in the work of collecting military information and plotting against enemy generals, which can be said to be all-pervasive, such as collecting a large amount of Japanese military information in the Wanli Korean War.
Its leader was called the Jinyi Wei Commander, generally a close general of the emperor, who was directly responsible to the emperor and could arrest anyone, including relatives of the emperor, and conduct a closed interrogation.
If you are a member of the Imperial Household and complain in your own house, if you touch the emperor, the Jinyi guards will arrest you every other day at most.
Before the arrest, the so-called "driving post" is also issued.
When arrested, if there is resistance, whether you are a relative of the emperor or a military and political official, you will be killed on the spot.
The Jinyiwei official school in charge of reconnaissance and arrest is called "Ti Riding"; due to the lack of restrictions on power, they fabricate charges in order to ask for merit and rewards, unscrupulously expand the scope of involvement, and create numerous unjust, false and wrongly decided cases, so the officials are all afraid to hear about jinyiwei.
Secondly, once you are targeted by the Jinyi guard, you can wait online to tie your hands and catch it.
Because the Jinyi guards are all elites selected from the beijing division garrison, each martial art is strong.
In the TV series "Daming 1566", there is such a plot, four Jinyi guards go to the corrupt official mansion to take people, this corrupt official has a large number of guards, and the four Jinyi guards have all been solved effortlessly.
This may be a normal thing if it is in a martial arts drama, but this TV series is a highly restored historical drama, and there are many records of Jinyiwei in the Ming history, and its martial arts are strong, usually as soon as Jinyiwei arrives, the arrested people give up resistance.
Jinyi Wei's method is sharp, basically there will be casualties in one shot, and even the people of the Punishment Department and Dali Temple have to obediently cooperate when they see Jinyi Wei handling the case.
The third is that after the arrest of Jinyiwei, there were acts of illegally insulting and abusing prisoners.
Although Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the burning of Jinyiwei torture devices and abolished this function of them, after Ming Chengzu Zhu Di ascended the throne, he restored all the powers of Jinyiwei and strengthened them.
He set up the Beizhen Fusi Department, which can directly arrest and torture prisoners, and the judicial organs such as the Punishment Department, Dali Temple, and Duchayuan have no right to interrogate.
During the reign of Emperor Mingxianzong Chenghua, he also added the Beizhen Fusi Seal Letter, and all the prisons were submitted to the emperor without the need to be conveyed through the command envoys, so that the Jinyi Wei Beizhen Fusi became a judicial organ directly under the emperor's direct jurisdiction, and its power reached the extreme.
However, in the end, because the Jinyi guards had privileges, they invisibly allowed them to act recklessly, corrupt and pervert the law, and were protected by the emperor's "barrier", causing chaos in society.
Jinyiwei was one of the reasons that indirectly led to and accelerated the demise of the Ming Dynasty.