During the Spring and Autumn Period, Song Xuangong followed the Yin Shang tradition, and on his deathbed (729 BC), he did not pass the throne to his son, but to his younger brother Song Mugong.
At that time, the primogeniture system of fathers and sons was already very popular, and Song Xuangong suddenly came to a wave of riots, and his son was immediately embarrassed.
After many years of surviving the death of his father, the throne in his hand flew. At home, zabuza villain said that his uncle must have been remembered, even the people who stood behind him were dumbfounded, and the old people in the submerged mansion instantly became the new Junlu passerby, and instantly wanted to cry without tears.
Fortunately, Song Mugong was more benevolent and righteous, the older brother threw himself into a peach, the younger brother repaid him with Li, and before his death (720 BC), he passed his son to his brother's son, his nephew Song Gong. Going around, it seems that everything has returned to the original point, but in fact, the bane has been secretly buried.
Although the throne came 9 years late, the good villains sat on it. This time it was Song Mugong's turn to be dumbfounded. Daddy, we can't get the throne in our hands, why did we let it go again? In the end, he was exiled to Zheng Guo with full of resentment.
Ten years later ( 710 BC ) , civil unrest broke out in the Song Kingdom , and Dazai Hua , the Governor of Dazaihua , welcomed back from Zheng Guo the son of Duke Mu , Gongzi Feng , later Duke Zhuang of Song.
After this turmoil, the Song Kingdom was basically not calm. Sima Qian once said in the Records of History:
"The Spring and Autumn Period ridiculed the Song Rebellion and established a brother from the abolition of the crown prince, and the country was restless."
Song Xuangong gave way to his brother
Song Guo's brother and brother staged this time finally ended up in a chicken feather. Since the rebellion of the Ninth Shang Dynasty, the brothers and brothers have basically come to an end.
People are selfish, and no matter how good the brotherhood is, it is stronger than the affection of father and son. After the younger brother took power, in the absence of a good supervision mechanism, he wanted him to transfer power to his brother's children, not to mention that he was unwilling, his wife was not dependent, his son was dissatisfied, and the people at the bottom did not agree. It was not easy to stand in line, hitch a ride, suddenly changed the master, the previous operation turned into nothing, uncle can bear, aunt can not tolerate.
Song Xuangong wants to emulate the ancestral system (Song Guo is a descendant of Yin Shang), which is driving history backwards, no wonder it is not recognized, carrying the pot of turmoil in the Song Kingdom.
So how did the system of brotherhood and brotherhood come about? Could it be that the ancients had a pit in their brains, did not know the shortcomings of their brothers and brothers, and only suddenly woke up after the chaos of the Ninth Dynasty?
Look at a thing can not be separated from a specific historical background, the ancient life expectancy is relatively short, brothers and brothers and can ensure that the successor is the elderly, when the productivity is relatively low, the country or ethnic group needs a young and strong leader rather than a young and incompetent child.
Later, with the improvement of productive forces and the stabilization of social classes, the operation of the state can be achieved by relying on the system, and the young lord is in place, which does not hinder the operation of society and the country, even if the progress is insufficient, it is more than enough, and the succession of fathers and sons can ensure the better continuation of the system.
The level of productivity of the farming group is higher than that of the non-farming group, which is why in the late Shang Dynasty, the Central Plains Dynasty was basically succeeded by father and son, but the northern nomadic people still retained their brothers and brothers.
Since the father and the son are superior to the brother and the brother, then why will there be a brother and a brother in the future? Is this Brain Watt?
The most famous brothers and brothers in later generations belong to Zhao Kuangyin and Zhao Kuangyi (赵光義). At that time, Sejong Chai Rong died young (at the age of 38), leaving orphans and widows to rush to the throne. The lord is weak and the subject is strong, and it is most likely to breed the heart of disobedience, which led to the Chen Qiao Mutiny (960), Zhao Kuangyin put on a yellow robe and seized the Chai clan.
According to the records (I do not know whether it is true or false), Empress Du was aware of the end of the Later Zhou, and in order to avoid repeating the same mistakes, before her death, she instructed her son Zhao Kuangyin to pass the throne to her younger brother Zhao Kuangyi, which was later the alliance of the Jin Dynasty. Later, Zhao Kuangyi sat in jiangshan, but also left a rumor of the sound of candle shadows and axes, and Zhao Kuangyin's sons were not allowed to die well.
Most of the other brothers and brothers and their examples were also the product of power struggles (Liu Xie, Emperor Liu Xie of Han, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang, Li Xian, Emperor Ruizong of Tang, and so on), or Emperor Wuhou (Carpenter Emperor Zhu Youxiao and Emperor Zhu Youjian of Sorrow), and few took the initiative to abdicate the throne.
The general trend of the world, the vastness, whether it is brothers and brothers, or fathers and sons, have finally entered the garbage heap of history.
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