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Entertainers
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Husband: Wife, you are thin.
Wife: Really? Where to lose weight.
Husband: The clothes are thin.
……
The Qing Empire
Compared with now, the territory in the heyday was obviously "thin", but it was now "thin".
Well, let's take a look at the map of the heyday of the Qing Empire:
Among them, the red area is the "thin" part.
Someone will ask:
Nebuchu
And why is it not in this extremely prosperous territory?
Here I would like to say: It is not the territory that once belonged to the Qing Dynasty, but also the territory of the Qing Dynasty in its heyday. For example, before Nebuchu was cut off, Xinjiang was not recovered? Is it to divide Xinjiang? We cannot knead the territory of different time and space together, which will create an illusion.
So, in what year was the territory of the Qing Empire formed in its heyday?
According to Mr. Tan Qijun editor-in-chief
Historical Atlas of China
Show: The year is A.D
In 1820
, that is, qing jiaqing twenty-five years. By this year, the Qing Dynasty had lost about the west of the Erguna River, south of Lake Baikal, and southwest
350,000 square kilometers
Land (i.e. the area around Nebuchu).
Next, let's take a look at how the Qing Empire "thinned" after that.
In 1840
(Daoguang twenty years), the First Opium War broke out. The Kazakhs, which were originally our subordinate states, were encroached upon by Tsarist Russia and covered an area of about 1 million square kilometers. In the same year, Brut, which was originally a state of our country, was also annexed by Tsarist Russia, covering an area of about 100,000 square kilometers.
Note: A vassal state is an area not under my direct rule.
In 1842
(Daoguang 22), China and Britain signed the Treaty of Nanjing, ceding Hong Kong Island.
In 1858
(In the eighth year of Xianfeng), Czarist Russia took advantage of the Second Opium War to invade and occupy a vast area (outer northeast) west of the Chaotong River, north of the Heilongjiang River, and south of the Waixing'an Mountains, and forced the Qing government to sign the Treaty of Yaohun to recognize it
600,000 square kilometers
。
In 1860
(Xianfeng Decade), after the end of the Second Opium War, Tsarist Russia forced the Qing government to sign the Treaty of Beijing, occupying the vicinity of Xingkai Lake east of the Mixed River and the Ussuri River
400,000 square kilometers
Land, including Sakhalin Island. At this point, China has completely lost the right to sea in the Sea of Japan.
In 1864
According to the terms of the "Beijing Treaty", China and Russia signed the "Treaty on Surveying and Dividing the Northwest Boundary", and Tsarist Russia invaded and occupied the treaty east and south of Lake Balkhash
440,000 square kilometers
Land.
In 1868
In the seventh year of Tongzhi, the Bukhara Khanate, which was originally a subordinate state of China, was encroached upon by Tsarist Russia, covering an area of about 1 million square kilometers.
In 1876
In the second year of Guangxu, the Kokand Khanate, which was originally a subordinate state of Ours, was annexed by Tsarist Russia, covering an area of about 350,000 square kilometers.
In 1881
(Guangxu 7th year), China and Russia signed the "Ili Treaty", and Tsarist Russia invaded and occupied the Ili region
70,000 square kilometers
In 1883
(Guangxu 9th year), China and Russia signed the "Kobdo tar Bahatai Boundary Treaty", Tsarist Russia invaded and occupied our Irtysh River and the vicinity of Jaisanbo
20,000 square kilometers
In 1887
In the thirteenth year of Guangxu, China and Portugal signed the Treaty of Peace and Commerce, and Portugal was allowed to permanently reside and administer Macao.
In 1895
(Guangxu 21), China and Japan signed the "Treaty of Maguan", and I ceded the entire island of Taiwan and its affiliated islands and the Penghu Archipelago to Japan
36,000 square kilometers
Land. In the same year, the Pamir region of Xinjiang was about the same
10,000 square kilometers
The lands were divided between Tsarist Russia and Britain.
In 1898
(Guangxu 24), China and Germany signed the "Jiao-Macao Lease Treaty"; China and Russia signed the "Treaty of the Brigade Lease Land"; and China and Britain signed the "Special Article on The Lease of Weihaiwei". Compared to the loss of large areas of territory, these leases are insignificant.
Finally, there is the largest piece of territory that our country has lost — Outer Mongolia. Outer Mongolia, with the support of Tsarist Russia, declared its independence at the time of the fall of the Qing Dynasty and "poached" it from our country
156
10,000 square kilometers
Otherwise, our country would become the second largest continental country in the world.
ay! The past has been over, and now that we are discussing these sentimentalities, the penman aims to arouse everyone's rising heart and work hard for the rise of China!
Continue tomorrow...
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"The Entertainer"
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Shushan PenMan
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