China has a very long history, in the vast land, the Chinese nation has bred a very splendid culture, the Central Plains climate is pleasant and comfortable, the land is fertile, is very suitable for human habitation and reproduction of the treasure land, so the dynasties have also been invaded by foreign forces including nomads, they also often want to occupy the Central Plains, thus breaking out a lot of wars, in the war, there is a city that is particularly prominent, it is rich in materials, but easy to defend and difficult to attack, can be called the most difficult city in the history of our country, The Mongols fought for 36 years, and the Japanese bombed for 5 years without taking it, which is the mountain city of Chongqing.
The poet Li Bai once wrote: "Shu Dao is difficult, it is difficult to go to Qingtian", many princes in successive dynasties have used this place to start their families, such as the Qin State, Han Gaozu Liu Bang was also sealed here when Xiang Yu divided the princes, and Liu Bei also relied on the land of the Shu State to negotiate with Wu and Wei.
The time came to the Southern Song Dynasty, and in 1259 AD, after destroying the Jin Dynasty, the Mongol army immediately marched south with great momentum, intending to destroy the Song Dynasty. The Mongol army advanced into the Diaoyu City of TongchuanFu Road in western Chongqing, and the Mongol Khan Möngke sent a surrender to surrender, but the Song Dynasty general Wang Jianyizheng refused verbally, and Möngke immediately adopted the use of force to conquer.
However, the terrain of this city is precipitous, the Mongolian army can not be attacked for a long time, the Mongolian generals have successively attacked the camps around diaoyu City, they have been repelled, the forward commander Wang Decheng was wounded and died, coupled with the arrival of summer, the heat of Shudi, the epidemic of plague, the morale of the Mongols was low, on the other hand, the soldiers and civilians of the Southern Song Dynasty, under the leadership of Wang Jian, guarded the city during the day and secretly attacked the Mongol camp at night, which made Möngke Khan very angry, in July, he personally went to the front line to supervise the siege, but he accidentally got injured by the stray arrow, and died in the army on July 20. The Mongol nobles also began to retreat in order to compete for the Han throne, which won a valuable breathing space for the Southern Song Dynasty.
After Kublai Khan succeeded to the throne, he continued to launch a large army to march south, while Diaoyu City continued to hold on, this time Kublai Khan adopted a strategy, he encircled the back road, successively eliminated the states and counties near the Southern Song Dynasty, cut off its supplies, and finally after insisting for 36 years, the Diaoyu City soldiers ran out of food and were forced to surrender.
In the Republic of China period, in 1937, the 77 Incident broke out, Japanese militarism launched a full-scale war of aggression against China, because of problems such as strength, the Chinese army was in a rather unfavorable situation in the early stage of the War of Resistance, the great mountains and rivers fell, a few months after the outbreak of war, the Japanese army in December captured The then capital of China, Nanjing, the Chinese government immediately moved to chongqing, the capital of the country.
In order to force China to surrender, the Japanese military headquarters decided to make Chongqing a strategic target, and they divided their troops into two routes, but they were stubbornly intercepted by the Chinese defenders in the Hunan area, and the Japanese army immediately adopted air raids, starting from February 18, 1938 to August 23, 1943, the Japanese carried out a strategic bombing of Chongqing for five years.
According to incomplete statistics, in the past five years, the Japanese army bombed 218 times, dispatched more than 9,000 sorties of aircraft, and dropped more than 11,500 pieces, which also led to more than 10,000 victims in Chongqing and more than 17,600 houses were destroyed, but as a powerful backing for the War of Resistance, it is still rock solid.
However, under the resistance of the Chinese military and the people, the japanese aggressors' goal was never successful, and during the entire War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Chongqing, as the center of the entire country, sent a large number of operational instructions and plans from here, which made great contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance.