Fighting a war with troops is a fraudulent art, and the best means of victory is strategy, so strategizing is the primary problem. In designing a plan, we must be proficient in the basic laws of war and the basic principles of using troops to fight wars, with the aim of "attacking them unprepared and surprise them."
Chess is the interpretation of the art of war, and strategy is the soul of the art of war. The knowledge structure of the three major strategies of the "Xiangqi Art of War" is like a cross shape: the horizontal line indicates the broadness and is "the strategy of using troops to appoint the posture -- the strategy of deploying troops"; the lower half of the vertical line indicates the depth, which is "the strategy of winning by chance -- grasping the fighter plane"; the upper half of the vertical line, which indicates high difficulty and is "the strategy of the victory prophet -- to launch an offensive.", which vividly shows that the "Xiangqi Art of War" is a broad and profound ideological and theoretical system.
Actual combat is uncertain, victory or defeat is uncertain, but there are rules to follow. There are unpredictable factors in winning or losing, but there are inviolable laws for coping. The purpose of studying and studying "Chess Strategy and Art of War" is to deeply understand and grasp the basic laws and basic principles of winning by surprise.
"Taking the counting as the leader" is the soul of the art of war, the essence and essence of yili, and a basic programmatic concept that must first be clearly defined in the study and study of the "Chess Art of War."
chess
(1) The upper army is headed by the plan
"Soldiers, tricksters also." (Sun Tzu's Art of War) Fighting with soldiers is a fraudulent art.
"Shangbing And Plotting" ("Sun Tzu's Art of War") fights wars with soldiers, and the best means of victory is strategy. Cutting, taking.
"In the way of a soldier, first determine his plan, and then do what he does." (Zhuge Liang: "Sixteen Cheap Strategies") The basic principle of fighting a war with soldiers is to first set up a plan, and then organize and implement it according to the predetermined plan.
"The way to use soldiers is to be headed by counting." (Ming Liu Bowen: "A Hundred Battles and Strange Strategies") Using troops to fight wars, and strategizing is the primary issue.
"Avoid like a game of chess, two enemies are equal, one or lost, the competition can not save." (Tang Lijing: "Tang Li Asks right") For example, in chess, the two sides are evenly matched, and if they make a mistake, the defeat is irredeemable. Avoid, than the fake loan.
Chess is the deduction of the art of war, and it is interesting that the study of the art of war in later generations uses "chess posture" to explain the "elephant of war", which also shows that "chess posture" contains a rich "principle of war", which is worth studying and summarizing.
"The military plot is headed by the plan", which is used in chess, that is to say, strategy is the guidance of skill, skill is the implementation of strategy, and the skill that is divorced from strategy does not exist, which is determined by the essential characteristics of chess, but the level is high and low, the so-called "no strategy", is not a little strategy, the level is not high.
(2) Illusion of indeterminacy Illusion of certainty
The battle situation is fickle, victory or defeat is impermanent, but there are rules to follow.
"Things are uncertain and uncertain." Everything in heaven and earth is fickle, but there are laws to follow. War is fickle and uncertain, but there are also laws to follow, and the purpose of studying war is to understand and grasp the basic laws of war and the basic principles of fighting wars with troops. The same is true of the chess game process. From the famous game of the champion, look at the strategy of chess, mainly:
The use of troops - the strategy of troop deployment;
Victory by chance - grasp the strategy of the fighter;
The Prophet of Victory – A strategy for launching an offensive.
This is also the basic law of surprising victory in actual combat.
"I will listen to my plans, and I will win when I use them"; "I will not listen to my plans, and I will lose when I use them" ("Sun Tzu's Art of War") If you listen to my plans and use them to command the troops, you will win; if you do not listen to my plans, you will command the troops, and you will violate the basic laws and basic principles of winning by surprise, and you will be defeated.
"I don't know the strategy, I don't know the arrangement, I can't judge the situation, I can't judge the machine, that is, tens of millions of people will eventually lose." (Qing Cai Gong: "Quotations of Zeng Hu Zhibing" Zeng, Zeng Guofan; Hu, Hu Linyi) did not understand the strategy of winning by surprise, did not understand the principle of troop allocation, was not good at judging the hour and sizing up the situation, was not good at improvisation, and even if thousands of troops were commanded, they were bound to be defeated.
Chess against each other
(3) Forethought as the basis of knowledge becomes great
When fighting a war with soldiers, it is the basic principle to plan for it; and to plan for it in advance, improvisation is the biggest problem.
"There is no certainty in the calculation, and there is no success in the doubt." (Zhuge Liang: "Poop.")
Sixteen Strategies for Yi" (宜六策)) To be calculated, indecisive, and nothing can be decided; when problems are encountered, they are confused and confused, and nothing can be accomplished. Can an incompetent general fight a war with soldiers? Can you win a war with soldiers? That's incredible. That is to say, the design of a plan is a matter of wisdom and strategy, and it is a question of the qualifications of generals.
"The key to using soldiers is to take first-in-the-first planning as the basis", "The art of using soldiers makes knowledge great." "(Song Xudong: The Tiger Bell Sutra) When fighting a war with soldiers, premeditated planning is the basic principle, and premeditated planning and improvisation are the biggest problems." Seeing victory is not what everyone sees", when things are not "seen by others", "know what people don't know", set up plans, surprise victory, how easy it is to talk about it! It should be said that "premeditation" is not difficult, it is difficult to "see what people don't see" and "know what people don't know."
(4) Pushing the past and examining the present, so it is not confused
"Push the past and the present, so don't be confused." By studying and summarizing the lessons of warfare in the past and the present, we can master the basic laws of war and the basic principles of fighting wars with soldiers.
"Seeing more is wisdom, and hearing more is God." (Zhuge Liang: "Sixteen Strategies for Cheapness") Is well-informed and uses soldiers like gods.
Familiar with the interpretation of the art of war by chess can "know its nature" or "know why it is so". No matter whether you appreciate or learn from the famous game of champions, if you do not understand the interpretation of chess on the art of war, if you do not understand the essence and essence of the game, it is impossible to have a deep understanding and grasp. In order to facilitate understanding and grasping the interpretation of the art of war, on the basis of clearly explaining the basic principles of the "Chess Art of War", it is proposed to list as many examples as possible to broaden the horizon and expand the way of thinking.
Example 1-1: Yang Guanphos (horse retreat elephant shoulder) green mountain hanging snow
Figure 1-1
25. Three into four (Figure 1-1)...
How should the black side go?
The main force of the red side is concentrated in the seven roads and one line, the three roads into the car occupy the second lane, and the follow-up car is seven flat and five, killing the elephant and catching the car, and there are evil hands in the palace;
From the perspective of defense, the black side has no effective means of dissolution, the taxi 5 into 4, then the car seven flat six, the taxi 4 into 5, the car three flat five, the follow-up car six into the two kill;
Taxi 5 into 6, then the car seven flat five, the taxi 4 into 5, the cannon seven into two, the car 8 back 2, the car three flat four, will be 6 flat 5, the car five flat eight, black is powerless to support.
Therefore, we must take the attack as the defense and attack and kill first, otherwise, the defeat will be irreparable.
The red side seems to have a fierce offensive, but in fact, it is very flawed, eager to attack, attack and forget to defend, is a big taboo in the use of troops; the black side forwards, cars, horses, artillery, and artillery gather the crowd and occupy a dangerous terrain, the horse 5 retreats 3, the follow-up horse 3 into 4 hanging horns to kill, the counterattack, the red side is invincible;
Red as the car seven level five, then the horse 3 into 4, Shi five into the six, the car 6 into 3, the handsome five into one, the car 8 into 6 double car file;
Black side horse 3 into 4, red as handsome five flat six, then the car 6 flat 3, the horse cannon called to kill, the red side instead lost the car, so, the red side can not car seven flat five, car three back six, anti-black horse hanging horn, is a must step, then, the black side can solve the crisis;
Cannon 9 retreat 2, the red side still can not car seven flat five, otherwise, the black side of the cannon 9 flat 5, called the car, the black side once the cannon town middle road, that is, anti-passenger-oriented, change passive into active.
The actual combat moves are:
25....... Horse 5 back 3.
26. The car three retreats six, the cannon 9 retreats 2.
27. Three into three cars...
The black side is in danger, and the red side is instead contained.
The red car follows up to block the cannon, the black is like 5 into 7, then the car is seven flat two, the black side is not desirable, the red side continues to enter the car two into one, and the black side is passive;
Black ruma 3 into 4, then shuai five flat six, car 6 flat 3, tie the red side of the car cannon, car three flat four, will be 6 flat 5, Shi five into six, car 3 into 1, first abandon and then take; phase seven into five, car 3 flat 4, shuai six flat five, car 4 flat 3, to get a Shi, continue to chain the red side of the car cannon, that is, anti-passenger-oriented, change passive into active.
27....... Horse 3 into 4.
28. Shuai five flat six, car 6 flat 3.
29. Car three flat four, will be 6 flat 5.
30. Five into six, car 3 into 1.
31. Phase seven into five, car 3 flat 4.
32. Shuai six flat five, car 4 flat 3.
The black side finally won the final victory with a multi-pawn situation.
Figure 1-1 of the dynamic chess game
In the case of a critical situation, the black side serves its gap and takes the attack as its defense, "attacking it will save it, and out of it will inevitably lead" (the target of our attack, the enemy will inevitably rescue; where our army goes, the enemy will inevitably follow it) forcing the red side to return to the defense, so as to ease the pressure on the rear and eliminate the red side's offensive, which is a wonderful use for the strategy of diverting the tiger away from the mountain; "the soldiers are the main ones, and the guests are not expensive," occupying a dangerous terrain in the defense, maintaining strong morale, waiting for opportunities to attack, and seeking practical gains, is also an offensive and defensive strategy of the art of war; and "the soldiers are fast and fast, and they cannot take advantage of the people." ", turn the danger into a disaster, a step difference. Therefore, the surprising victory of the black side is a vivid interpretation of many principles of the art of war.
(Yang Guanfu, the first champion, was born in 1925 in Dongguan, Guangdong.) In 1956, he won the championship in the first national chess competition, known as the "first master of Yilin", won the championship in 1957, and won the championship twice in 1959 and 1962. Grandmaster, has a profound and unique study of the layout, the middle game, the endgame is pure fire, there are many classic famous games)
Example 1-2: Li Yiting (flat gun aiming vehicle) hit the grass and startled the snake
22. Cannon six retreat one (Figure 1-2)...
Figure 1-2
The two sides attack each other, the red car kills the horse, the black side shoots the horse with the left cannon, the red side is separated from the two phases, and the black side has the potential of the sullen palace, can it take advantage of the situation and take advantage of the momentum of the sullen palace?
Cannon 2 flat 3, induce the red square car seven into three to eat horses, then the horse 7 retreat 6, take advantage of the opportunity of the palace and take a taxi;
Red as cannon six flat seven, then the horse 3 retreat 1, continue to taxi;
Red as the cannon seven flat six, the cannon 7 into 5 hit the horse.
22....... Cannon 2 flat 3.
23. Cannon six flat seven, horse 3 retreat 1.
24. Cannon seven flat six, cannon 7 into 5.
25. Horses seven into six, like seven into 5.
The black side won a horse, laying a solid foundation for the final victory.
Figure 1-2 of the dynamic chess game
It should be said that the black square cannon 2 flat 3, hit the grass to scare the snake, is a very exquisite one, although the red side saw it, the flat cannon exchange, it seems not to be "surprising", but failed to get a taxi and get a horse, taxi at the cost of abandoning the horse, get the horse is a benefit. Although the red side saw the intention of taking a taxi, but losing the horse is helpless, the key is that in the horse 3 back 1, the taxi evolved into catching the horse, it should be said that this is also a "surprise" move.
The red side is separated from both sides, the rear of the right wing is weak, the artillery is retreating to catch the horse, providing the black side with favorable fighters, "those who do good causes, nothing to do and do not take advantage" (those who are good at waiting for the opportunity to change, there is no fighter that cannot be caught) The black side is an inevitable choice for the direction of attack, "There are soldiers who are on the verge of fighting, they must arrange the stamina, or pre-empt the enemy after the rear, or prepare for the move", the black side taxi has evolved into catching horses, and the "strategic move" of "arranging the stamina" is calculated thoroughly and precisely, so it is easy to respond to changes and maneuver freely.
(Li Yiting, the second champion, was born in 1938 in Wuhan, Hubei Province.) In 1958, he won the National Chess Championship. Proficient in layout, offensive and defensive, precise calculation, wonderful conception. ）
Example 1-3: Hu Ronghua (who retreated from the cannon and called the general) secretly crossed Chen Cang
28....... Cannon 1 flat 4 (Figure 1-3).
Figure 1-3
How should the red side go?
Judging from the distribution of sub-forces, the black side has the tendency to be divided and besieged by the red side, the right horse is isolated and helpless, there is no way to retreat, the red horse is in the groove, and it will not return to the position; the black side 4 road cannon is originally at the horse's foot, the cannon 1 flat 4 avoids only, not the point of counterattack; the organization of counterattack, the horse 7 into 8 is a necessary step, catch the double soldiers ...
The black side's right horse is trapped and does not die, red as a horse seven into eight, then the horse 7 into 8, the cannon four flat eight, the cannon 4 flat 2, the soldier six into one, the soldier 5 into 4, the horse eight into the six, the horse 2 into 3, the red break double soldier, but the black side has more than one pawn advantage, the red side is unfavorable;
The cannon four retreated one, creating the illusion of Yang Shi calling the general to the black side, then, the horse 7 into 8, the Shi five into the four, the temptation of the black fangshi 5 into 6, the cannon four flat eight, sudden blitz:
Black as horses 8 into 7, then the horse seven into eight, cannon 4 flat 2, horse eight into six, double catch dead horse;
Black ru pawn 1 into 1, then the horse seven into eight, the horse 2 into 1, the cannon eight flat nine, lead the horse to make the cannon, the cannon 2 flat 1, the soldier six into one, the breaker catch the elephant, victory is in sight, its momentum is desirable.
29. The cannon four retreats one, the horse 7 into 8.
30. Shi five into four, Shi 5 into 6.
31. Cannon four flat eight, pawn 5 flat 4.
32. After the horse entered the eighth, the red side retreated from the cannon branch, which was the Ming Xiu Zhan Dao; the black side entered the army, so that the red side successfully crossed Chen Cang, sought a horse, and finally won.
Dynamic chess score for Figure 1-3
In essence, the red side has a horse, mainly a matter of strategy, which is a wonderful use of many principles of the art of war. The rear of the black side's right wing is weak, the black horse is divided and controlled, isolated and helpless, the red side catches the dead horse, from the choice of attack direction, it is to avoid the real attack; to retreat the cannon, to bluff; the branch will be false, the blitz is true, just as the art of war says, conspiracies and tricks are often hidden in the commonplace things. The cannon four retreats one, there is a lot of confusion and deception.
(Hu Ronghua, the 3rd champion, was born in Shanghai in 1945.) In 1960, at the age of 15, he won the national chess championship and caused a sensation in the chess world. From 1960 to 1979, he won the championship for ten consecutive years and was known as the "Ten Consecutive Champions". In 1983, 1985, 1997 and 2000, he won the national championship four more times. A generation of superstars in the history of Chinese chess, with comprehensive technology, opening, middle and endgames, are all superior, and have made significant contributions to the formation and development of modern chess theory. Grandmaster)
"Strategy is the foundation, knowledge becomes great", good at using soldiers to fight wars, we must "know the strategy, know the arrangement, be able to judge the situation, and be able to judge the opportunity", and the improvement of chess skills is, in essence, a matter of wisdom and strategy.