background
In the middle and late period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, social contradictions became more and more acute, and among all the contradictions, the main contradictions were the zhongguan clique and the Qianghu clique Koubian. For the Zhongguan clique, due to the indulgence of several generations of emperors, it has reached an uncontrollable point in the late dynasty, but there is still room for suppression.
As for the Qianghu clique, since the decline of the Xiongnu, the rapid rise of Qiang, Xianbei, and Wuhuan has created a situation of no peace on the border of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
As a result, the Eastern Han Dynasty emerged a number of military generals who could fight good battles and specialize in Qianghu, such as Emperor Fugui and Zhang Yi. Emperor Fugui devoted his life to pacifying the Western Qiang Affairs, and in the (
Emperor Fugui, the god of war of the Eastern Han Dynasty: Although he is more than half a hundred years old, he can scare hundreds of thousands of enemy troops to surrender in an instant
), which has been described in detail. What this article will analyze is Zhang Wan, the battlefield general who broke the 7,000-strong army of Qianghu with 200 jiashi, and the eastern Han Dynasty defeated 200,000 Qianghu people when they left the customs.
prelude
Wen Ke Anbang, but went to the frontier
。
Master Tai Wei Zhu Pet, studying the Ouyang Shangshu.
Calligraphy of Zhang Wan's son
Unlike other martial artists, Zhang Yi was not very proficient in martial arts, but he had a unique view of the words and phrases. The first set of works he practiced was the Ouyang Shangshu, and unlike other dynasties, a large part of the civil officials of the Eastern Han Dynasty entered the service by practicing Ouyang Shangshu. That is to say, Zhang Xiang was not the foundation of a military general from the beginning, but the fresh blood of a civilian official.
Historical records record: At the beginning, the "Mou's Chapters and Sentences" had a large number of floating words, with more than 450,000 words, which were reduced to 90,000 words.
It can be seen from this that Zhang Yi was not only able to study ancient books, but also was particularly proficient in the study of zhiwen, and could cut down 450,000 words of classics into such a look, which can be described as the first person in ancient and modern times. With such talents, after entering the army, he was a virtuous minister who governed the country and security. However, Zhang Yi was recruited into the palace by the powerful minister Liang Ji.
That is to say, it was not conquered by the Han Dynasty, but was conquered by the powerful ministers. Note that according to the Zizhi Tongjian and other classics, Liang Ji was the culprit who poisoned Emperor Xiaoqian! How could such a career be something that a wise person like Zhang Yi was willing to enjoy, and zhang Yi would go home with a disease and not do it.
When he entered the army again, he came in the name of being a virtuous and virtuous person, and his "countermeasures" were the first, and he was worshipped as a speaker. Due to the exclusion within the imperial court, in the first year of Yongshou, Zhang Yijie was sent to the post of governor of the Anding state, and because of this, he entered the era of fighting with the Qianghu clique.
Zhang Yi dismissed the official figure
Winning
Two hundred jiashi, seven thousand broken Qianghu
At that time, the Stable Lands were mainly under pressure from two aspects, on the one hand, from the Southern Xiongnu, who gradually split since 60 BC, and the Southern Xiongnu sometimes followed the Han and sometimes rebelled against the Han, and after surrendering to Cao Cao in 202 AD, they were still moving.
On the other hand, it comes from the Qiang, a Qiang people that have flourished since the Warring States period, which existed in Chinese history for hundreds of years, and also invaded the Central Plains Dynasty for hundreds of years, and became more and more serious during the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Anding region, where Zhang Wan was about to take office, was now under the joint invasion of the Southern Xiongnu and the Qiang, and the Anding army and people were already exhausted.
That is to say, the stability at this time is like a small dynasty, the form of internal and external troubles is very severe, and Zhang Xiang is like an ordinary general who has arrived in the small dynasty, and its hardships can be imagined.
Soon after arriving in office, the Southern Xiongnu arrived as scheduled, and more than 7,000 people from the two tribes invaded the Anding region, and the Eastern Qiang tribes also raised troops to respond to the Xiongnu, and Anding once again rang the bell of war readiness. At this time, Zhang Huan, as a small garrison lieutenant, only had more than two hundred people under his command, how could he be hostile in the face of the Qianghu coalition army?
Every enemy must shine a sword, this is Zhang Yi's dogma, in the face of seven thousand troops, he resolutely led two hundred soldiers to attack.
In this case, Zhang Wan's decision was tantamount to hitting a stone with an egg, which was purely self-destruction, and all the generals and officials knelt on their knees and prostrated themselves to ask for a strike. So did Zhang Wan really not understand military affairs and was impulsively ready to send troops to attack? Combined with the historical data, Zhang Zhang was not only not impulsive, but also well versed in the way of using soldiers.
Map of the situation between the two Han Dynasties
He did not listen, so he entered the Great Wall of Tun, collected soldiers, and sent Wang Wei to lure Eastern Qiang, because guizi was used to prevent the Southern Xiongnu from communicating with Eastern Qiang. Zhu Hao led the xiang and the xiang and the affinity, and jointly attacked the whips, etc., and broke them in successive battles. Bird panicked and lowered his people to the county boundary.
That is to say, Zhang Huan played the greatest role in the two hundred Jiashi.
First send a part to tempt the Eastern Qiang, and then use the other part to cut off the connection between the Eastern Qiang and the Southern Xiongnu, so as to divide the enemy and break each one. A small number of recruits were recruited, and at the same time, they contacted local Haojie to jointly defend against the Qianghu coalition army. In this way, the victory caused the Southern Xiongnu to surrender. It can be seen from this that although Zhang Yi and his people are literati, their way of using soldiers is not inferior to that of military generals. The same is true of the Qing Dynasty.
With two hundred soldiers breaking the Qianghu alliance army of seven thousand, Zhang Yi's reputation was not only widely spread in the Eastern Han Dynasty, but also within the Qianghu clique.
Qianghu
Breaking the Wuhuan and attacking the Xiongnu will not be chaotic in the face of danger.
At that time, there were four tribes of the Qianghu clique, the former had the Southern Xiongnu and the Qiang tribe to lead seven thousand troops but lost to Zhang Yi's two hundred soldiers, Xianbei and Wuhuan were ashamed of this. In addition to the defeated Southern Xiongnu and Qiang tribes, the Xianbei and Wuhuan tribes also began to take action on the Koubian.
The first Koubians were the two major tribes of "Hu Tu Ge" and Shuo Fang's "Wu Huan". At that time, Liangzhou and Wuyuan could not defeat the enemy, and wolf smoke was everywhere. Regardless of the military ability of General Du Liao, the strength of the "Hu Tu Ge" section is feared.
"Xiu Tu Ge" was one of the Xiongnu tribes, the former huo was defeated, and then grew strong again during the Eastern Han Dynasty, and then fought Yuan Shao and Cao Cao, and finally established the Former Zhao regime during the reign of Emperor Hui of the Western Jin Dynasty.
Zhang Yi
As for the Wuhuan Department, from the matter of Cao Cao personally conquering Wuhuan, I think all readers know its strength. Seeing this battle, Zhang Yi, who was then the general of Zhonglang, was not in danger, but many of the soldiers under him had the intention of fleeing into exile. Seeing this situation, Zhang Huan was not in a hurry to line up his troops, because this would certainly make the soldiers more afraid of the enemy army.
Therefore, Zhang Huan "sat in the drapery" and stood still, which made the sergeant calm down. The soldiers were terrified, and each wanted to die. He sat in the drapery and spoke freely with his disciples, and the sergeant was a little at ease. It was the sneak that lured Wu Huan into peace with him, so he slaughtered the various canal marshals and attacked the multitude. All beards descend.
That is to say, Zhang Huan also adopted various strategies for the combined forces of Wuhuan and Tu. The former for the Qianghu army, first
Divide and then break
The tactics against the enemy, later against the combined forces of Wuhuan and Xiutu, were adopted
The dissension is broken by each
Way against the enemy.
With the same means, the same Qianghu coalition, Zhang Yi won again. Shortly thereafter, the long-standing Xianbei began to Koubian, and Zhang Yi led Nandan Yu to defeat the Xianbei army and behead hundreds.
At this point, whether it was the Xiongnu, Xianbei, or Wuhuan and Qiang, they were all jealous of Zhang Wan, but as long as There was Zhang Yizhen guarding the border pass, the four major tribes did not dare to act rashly.
Mighty
Zhang Wan, who was so powerful and powerful, made the enemy feel frightened.
Zhang Yi, who rose to fame among the four nomadic tribes, became the patron saint of the Eastern Han Dynasty and became the nightmare of the nomadic tribes.
In the ninth year of Yanxi, the imperial court enlisted Zhang Wan as the Grand Si Nong, and Zhang Yi returned to the Beijing Division to take up his post. The tribes that had long been intimidated by Zhang Yi, as soon as they heard that Zhang Yi had been transferred, immediately launched activities, especially Xianbei was the most active.
Xianbei smelled away, and its summer beckoned the Southern Xiongnu and Wuhuan several ways into the plug... In the autumn, Xianbei Fu led eight or nine thousand to ride into the plug, luring the Eastern Qiang and the Communist Alliance.
It can be seen that under the shock of Zhang Yi for several years, the four major tribes have been suppressed for a long time, and they began to become active as soon as Zhang Yi left. However, the world was like a floating cloud, and Zhang Wan's cloud drifted to the border again.
Just when the four tribes were doing whatever they wanted, the imperial court worshipped Zhang Yi as a general in Zhonglang, and controlled the two battalions of Youzhou, Hezhou, Liangzhou, and Wuhuan and Duliao, and for a time Zhang Yi, who had gathered his favors, led his army to the border pass.
The former General Of Zhang Zhuo was Dong Zhuo
What is full of drama is that Zhang Wan just arrived at the border pass, and the two parts of Wuhuan and Xiongnu immediately came to surrender, and the number of surrendered reached more than 200,000. Only the most active Xianbei escaped from the guan. This time, Zhang Wan can be said to have been in a peaceful situation without a war.
In the first year of Yongkang, Eastern Qiang and Xian zero plundered Yunyang, attacked two battalions and killed more than a thousand Han subjects, and then entered Kou Sanfu.
This time, Zhang Huan did not personally attack, but dispatched troops to encircle and suppress the rebellion, and there were two generals, one of which was Dong Zhuo and the other was Yin Duan. After the great destruction of the enemy army, the three of them rose to fame, Zhang Yi had to give money of 200,000 yuan, and Dong Zhuo and Yin Duan rose from then on.
Guanghe died four years later, at the age of seventy-eight.
Closure
When Zhang Yi was a teenager, he read a lot of books and often said to his friends: The eldest husband is a worldly man who should make meritorious contributions to the border of the country.
Facts have also proved this, Zhang Wan is indeed a big husband!
The four major tribes that have been harassing the Eastern Han Dynasty for a long time in three wars did not dare to Koubian, and this feat can be passed down through the ages!