The Xia Dynasty (c. 2070 BC – c. 1600 BC) was the first hereditary dynasty in the Central Plains recorded in traditional Chinese history books. The Xia Dynasty is generally considered to be a state of multiple tribal confederations or complex chiefdoms. According to historical records, the Xia, Shang, and Three Dynasties were all feudal dynasties, with monarchs and princes divided and ruled, and the Xia Dynasty was the first hereditary clan feudal dynasty. There are a certain number of bronze and jade ceremonial vessels in the Xia period, which are dated around the late Neolithic period and the early Bronze Age.
Although there are many records of the Xia Dynasty in traditional Chinese literature, due to the late completion of the book, and so far no direct evidence of the existence of the Xia Dynasty has been found, such as the text of the same period of the Xia Dynasty as a self-evidence, so some people in modern history have always questioned the authenticity of the existence of the Xia Dynasty. The Erlitou site found in the western part of Henan Province and the southern part of Shanxi Province has the basic conditions for the chronology and geographical location of the Xia culture, but due to the failure to unearth written records of the same period similar to the Yin Ruins Oracle Bone Buci, the existence of the Xia Dynasty has never been confirmed. Many Chinese and foreign historians believe that the whole period of the Erlitou site in Yanshi City, Henan Province, or the first and second phases of the land, may be the remains of the capital of the Xia Dynasty, but it is still looking for a solid basis to sort it out.
According to historical records, Yu Chuan, located in Ziqi, changed the Zen system of primitive tribes and created the precedent of China's hereditary throne in the past four thousand years. The Xia Dynasty passed down fourteen dynasties and seventeen kings, which lasted for about 471 years and were destroyed by the Shang Dynasty. As the first dynasty in traditional Chinese history, the Xia Dynasty has a high historical status, and posterity often refers to itself as "Huaxia", making it synonymous with China.