Produced by | Tiger sniff car group
Author | Wang Xiaoyu
"Every time I hear the owner complain to me about the difficulty of installing the charging pile, my heart is very heavy."
Some time ago, the founder of WM Motor sent a Weibo, but also with a screenshot of the owner's private message: The owner of the W6 W6 from Guangzhou said that the car was mentioned in October this year, but nearly two months have passed, and his charging pile still cannot be installed in the community. Found all parties, but the property is not approved, on the grounds that parking spaces can not be installed and electricity quotas, etc., always refused to stamp. The owner of the car said bluntly that he regretted it a little.
Shen Hui said that WM delivered more than 40,000 vehicles this year, but nearly 20,000 charging piles distributed with the car could not be sent. "Capacity, parking spaces, safety hazards, there are too many reasons for property rejection, users say that they are dead by the property."
Recently, CCTV Finance and Economics has continuously released a number of microblogs to follow up on the problem of charging new energy vehicles: "Mr. Li is the earliest batch of new energy vehicle owners in Beijing, due to the long age of the car, the original one-day car has become at least twice a day in winter. With the temperature falling everywhere, especially in many places in the north, the 'endurance anxiety' of new energy vehicle owners has reappeared. There are even reports that there are new energy car owners who get up at four o'clock in the morning to grab charging piles. ”
Users who cannot install home charging piles at home and grab public piles outside are often dissuaded by charging problems.
First, install charging piles, classic kick ball
Buying a car and sending piles is almost all domestic new energy vehicle brands, which will be written in the preferential policies for buying a car. Only Tesla, the price of the household charging pile, stripped out of the car price, and charged a fee of 8,000 yuan a stick. Since entering China in 2014, Tesla may have already figured out the real difficulties of Chinese consumers - home piles, give them to you, you can't load them.
Mr. Yu, the owner of a new energy vehicle in Changchun, has recently run into a wall because of the installation of household charging piles. First of all, the first step is to find the staff of the Changchun Electric Power Bureau, and are required to show three documents: 1, resident identity card or household registration book, 2, fixed parking space property rights certificate, 3, the property issued a certificate of consent to use the charging and replacing settings.
When it came to the residential property, the staff's sentence "There is a safety hazard, do not issue a certificate", so that Mr. Yu's hope of installing a charging pile is shattered. The property staff said: "The charging pile must be in the public space of everyone, and the public space belongs to the owner, so you must obtain the consent of other owners before you can install this." If you have any doubts, you can go to the community and go to the street to consult. ”
When it comes to the community, it is told that "the main problem is the load of the charging pile, (the property) now just need to find the relevant department, after accounting for the load, the load can be allowed, the property is for the owner to install." Finally, when Mr. Yu went to great lengths to find the so-called relevant department that could complete the accounting work, he was told by the staff that according to the planning and site selection regulations in the "Technical Standards for the Engineering of Electric Vehicle Decentralized Charging Facilities", the basement of the community where Mr. Yu is located does not have the installation conditions.
We did find the national standard of "Engineering and Technical Standard for Electric Vehicle Decentralized Charging Facilities", numbered GB/T 51313-2018, which has been implemented since March 1, 2019.
In the provisions of the planning and site selection, it is clearly written that the location of decentralized charging facilities should make full use of the nearest public facilities such as power supply, fire protection and flood prevention; decentralized charging facilities should not be built in the repair garage; decentralized charging facilities should be selected in areas covered by public communication networks; and the location of decentralized charging facilities should be selected for places that are easy for fire rescue forces to reach.
This means that the vast majority of domestic basements may not be able to meet the above conditions.
But even if your neighborhood has the above installation conditions, some properties will require you to buy your own parking space, rather than a long-term rental parking space. But you may not know that for first-tier cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, having a property parking space is equivalent to buying several new energy vehicles.
Taking the search results of 58.com as an example, some basement parking spaces in Beijing's Chaoyang District range from 185,000 to 550,000 yuan. If converted to Tesla Model 3, on average, it is at least a Tesla car for a parking space.
Generally speaking, the process of installing a charging pile in the parking space of the community is: first prepare four materials (1, the confirmation of the charging conditions for the purchase of new energy passenger cars; 2, the application for the installation of electric vehicle charging equipment in the parking space; 3, the certificate of use of the fixed parking space; 4, a copy of my ID card. It is then submitted on the State Grid App and then constructed. And often, car owners are stuck in the property materials application step.
Property concerns are not without reason. When the community is planning and constructing, its power supply facilities and equipment are based on the corresponding configuration of the electricity capacity approved by the power supply department, and the installation of charging piles in one household may not affect the safety of electricity, but if ten households, hundreds of households, and hundreds of households are installed, the electricity consumption is exceeded, and the power facilities and equipment will inevitably be overwhelmed, which will damage the public power supply facilities and equipment in the community, causing safety accidents and increasing maintenance costs.
And "shared charging pile" has become a new solution to the problem.
In the past, residential community charging had problems such as random construction of private connections, lack of communication functions, different platforms in the same district, and the general use of disordered charging mode. The State Grid Corporation of China has been promoting "personal charging pile sharing" since last year. Last year, the State Grid has built 52,000 orderly charging piles in 18 provinces in China, covering 4,789 residential communities, serving 54,700 car owners, and transferring 4.32 million kWh of peak electricity.
After upgrading the "smart charging pile", V2G (Vehicle-to-grid, vehicle to grid), orderly charging and other technologies can be applied. For example, V2G technology, Cui Dongshu, secretary general of the Association, said that each new energy vehicle is an intelligent mobile terminal and an energy storage unit. Vehicle electrification is an important component of the energy system. In particular, it is conducive to balancing the burden of the power grid and realizing the balanced and effective use of electric energy.
The relevant leaders of the State Grid Electric Vehicle Company have said that it is expected that by the end of 2021, more than 30% of ordinary personal charging piles will be upgraded to intelligent and orderly shared charging facilities. This means that when your charging pile is idle, you can also share it with other owners who do not have a charging pile. In addition, through intelligent charging, more than 80% of the charging load can be transferred to the trough period of the power grid, and 100% to meet the charging needs of users, so as to achieve the lowest overall charging cost of society.
As early as last year, WM Motors has successfully passed the vehicle, pile test and road test of all V2G technology. New energy vehicle companies such as Weilai and BAIC BJEV have also successively cooperated with the State Grid in V2G technology. Car companies can not only think of selling cars, improve charging technology and charging networks, which is also part of the product.
Second, grab the public pile, all rely on hand speed and luck
The so-called butler charging services such as pile delivery, free charging, one-key power-up, etc., cannot fundamentally solve the problem, and the key is that car companies themselves must participate in laying the brand-exclusive charging network.
A Zhihu user said: "Don't buy it without a pile, you are not buying a car, you are buying an ancestor to come back." There is a pile is heaven, no pile is hell, and the difference is so huge. Don't listen to the public charging piles that manufacturers brag about. ”
The most basic difference between home piles and public piles is the price.
Taking the new energy vehicle with a range of 350km and a daily mileage of about 60km as an example, the daily power consumption is calculated according to the vehicle's mileage and battery capacity, and it is generally recognized that the power consumption is about 15 kWh per 100 kilometers. That is, the electricity consumption per kilometer is about 0.15 kWh, 60 km a day, and the electricity consumption is about 9 kWh a day. According to the average household peak and valley electricity at 0.5 yuan a kilowatt hour of electricity calculation, 9 kWh electricity per night is about 4.5 yuan, a month electricity bill is about 135 yuan.
If you use public pile charging, take a state grid charging pile in Beijing's Chaoyang District as an example, the price of charging at 18:00-21:00 is 1.6583 yuan / kWh (0.8583 yuan electricity price + 0.8 yuan service fee). Under the same working conditions, the monthly electricity bill for the use of public fast charging is at least 447.74 yuan. Of course, this is only the most conservative calculation, the larger the battery capacity, the greater the cost, the increase in the number of discounted charges in winter, the high parking fee for public parking and other factors, home charging than external charging, more than a few hundred or thousands of dollars per month.
More importantly, public charging piles cannot be grabbed during peak periods.
The scene of charging for 1 hour during the National Day period and queuing for 4 hours is still vividly remembered. The problem of charging difficulties in winter has once again aroused concern. According to CCTV financial reports, Lao Zhang, a new energy vehicle owner in Niulan Town, Shunyi, Beijing, came to the charging station near his home at eleven o'clock at night to find a parking space. He told reporters that parking here is free, plus 11 o'clock at night to 7 o'clock in the morning is the trough period of electricity prices, and 10 charging piles have become the object of competition for nearby car owners. At 11:00 a.m., in the underground parking lot of an office building in Liangmaqiao, Beijing, 10 charging piles were also in a state of full load.
According to the data, as of September 2021, the ratio of vehicle piles in China is about 3:1, but the average utilization rate of the entire public charging pile is less than ten percent, which is mainly due to the uneven distribution of charging piles.
Liu Kai, director of the Technology and Certification Department of the China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance, said: "In the early stage, the layout of site selection and construction stations was not very reasonable, including some problems such as the adaptability of vehicles and piles, which affected the owner's use experience. ”
Liu Kai said that to solve the problem of public charging piles for new energy vehicles, the key is to strengthen the convenience of charging. Technically, accelerate the application of high-power charging technology, reduce the charging waiting time, unify the interface, improve adaptability; in the site selection, reduce the time for car owners to find charging piles, refer to the gas station model around the world, no matter where the owner is, within 5 kilometers can find a usable charging pile, improve the average utilization rate of charging piles; in addition, the government, enterprises work together to build a shared condominium, in order to truly let the new energy vehicle run up.
The reason is understood, but after buying an electric car, it has become an "electric daddy", which is still the status quo of the industry.
As early as 2014, when Tesla CEO Elon Musk handed over the model S car keys to the first Chinese users, it was not in Tesla's bustling showroom, but in a Tesla self-built supercharger pile.
Tesla has built and opened more than 1,000 supercharging stations and more than 8,000 supercharged piles in the Chinese market. However, it is obvious that the speed of sales growth and the construction speed of charging piles are difficult to keep in line. Corresponding to the above number of supercharging stations, the sales data of more than 410,000 vehicles in 2021 as of the end of November.
Domestic car companies, in the process of building their own charging piles, have gradually found some "characteristic" ways - users can not get the property, then the car companies directly look for real estate developers to cooperate. For example, the industry's latest cooperation case with car companies and real estate, on December 1 this year, WM Motors received 152 million US dollars in the D2 round of financing. THE INVESTMENT WAS LED BY AGILE GROUP, a well-known Chinese real estate company, for US$140 million.
In addition to equity financing, WM Motor and Agile also signed a strategic cooperation agreement to give full play to their respective resource advantages and carry out in-depth cooperation in brand, sales and service network, charging facility layout, auto finance, supply chain finance, after-sales service and other aspects.
According to the official, in terms of charging convenience: the owners of Agile property services will be convenient in the installation of household charging piles, effectively solving the problem of the installation of users' private charging piles; Agile combines its own real estate and property advantages, and can lay out centralized charging piles to facilitate more WM users who have not installed private charging piles.
Of course, it is not enough for car companies and housing enterprises to promote the construction of charging piles, and charging piles are still an industry that needs policy guidance.
For example, on December 21, the Beijing Municipal Urban Management Commission issued an announcement on soliciting public opinions on the Opinions on Strengthening the Construction and Management of Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities in Residential Areas. The "Opinions" closely follow the charging needs of electric vehicles, focus on the construction of charging facilities in residential areas, supporting power services, encouraging intelligent and orderly and shared charging, strengthening the operation and maintenance management of charging facilities, establishing and improving the implementation guarantee mechanism, etc., and further standardize the process of reporting for the construction of charging facilities and the procedures required.
The document proposes that for newly built residential projects, it is necessary to strictly implement the requirements or expected installation conditions for the proportion of charging facilities in accordance with the planning and design standards, and include the construction of charging facilities in the scope of project acceptance. For the newly built self-use charging piles on the fixed parking spaces owned by the owners, they should have intelligent and orderly functions, and encourage the orderly charging intelligent transformation of the existing self-use charging piles. For communities that do not have the conditions, we should promote the construction of public charging piles in the community.
Write at the end
Elon Musk once said: "One of the basic points of judging Tesla is how many years we have accelerated the spread of sustainable energy. ”
Charging pile infrastructure, after being included in the "new infrastructure", means that it is destined to be a "big project". And it is precisely because of the big, so every participant in the new energy industry chain can not stand by and watch. If car companies, property companies, real estate developers, power grid companies, and other enterprises combine their respective forces into a rope, then there will inevitably be a qualitative leap in the car experience of every new energy vehicle owner and as large as the country's energy transformation strategy.
It corresponds to the old Chinese saying: "It is difficult for those who lift alone to rise, but it is easy for those who do it." ”