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Kanji Fun Talk: 斝
"斝" (jia3), which is a hieroglyph. The oracle bone word "斝" resembles a bipedal or three-legged container. The shape of the axe is somewhat similar to that of "Jue", slightly larger than the Jue, with three legs and two columns, a round mouth, a flat bottom, and a handle.
The "axe" is a ceremonial vessel used by ancient ancestors to serve wine, food, and perform nude rituals. According to archaeology, the Neolithic age already had a pottery "axe", and a bronze axe was excavated from the Erlitou site, which is believed to be a treasure of the late Xia Dynasty and is one of the earliest copper axes of the current known age. In the Yin Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties, bronze axes were very popular, usually used as wine or warm wine (also used as a place for food, archaeology has found that there is pork in it), the Shang Tang King designated as the royal wine glass, the princes used the "horn". Later, jade was used to make axes as drinking vessels.
Saying the text: "Axe, Jade Lord also." Xia Yuexu, Yin Yuexu, Zhou Yuejue. It can be seen that the three artifacts of "Cup", "Axe" and "Jue" are basically the same item, but the names are different in different periods.
The "Axe" character of Jin Wen basically inherits the oracle bone glyph, and the shape of the two pillars and three feet and one handle is concise and clear. Xiao Zhen changed the double pillar of the "Axe" into two "Mouths" and added a "Bucket" character in the lower part to indicate that the "Axe" can also be used as a measuring tool. The writing of the Lishu is not found in the Chinese name Liti, and the script is written "斝".
"Axe" is an ancient wine vessel, the royal wine glass of the Shang Tang King.
According to the "Book of Rites", Zuo Zhuan and other documents, the axe is an ancient wine vessel used as a nude ceremony.
"斝" is a wine cup, and the ancients also used it in tea cups.