To say that the peasant revolt in Chinese history, no one like Li Zicheng at the end of the Ming Dynasty, left his hometown on the Loess Plateau at the age of 21, revolted at the age of 23, launched and insisted on a large-scale peasant war for a long time, overthrew a Ming Dynasty that lasted for more than 200 years and claimed the title of emperor. Although he was emperor for only 42 days, he was defeated and had to withdraw south from Beijing.
Finally besieged by the Qing army in Hubei Jiugong Mountain, disappeared after the age of 39, his life and death became a historical mystery, and in his hometown, it left people with endless topics, and now after more than 300 years, it has endured.
Li Zicheng's original name was Hongji, and according to the "Chronicle of Mizhi County", "Li Zicheng's hometown is thirty miles northwest of The town of Wujiapo in the northwest of the city, and the place name is Sanfengzi. Turen Cloud: There are several kiln holes in the number of three peaks, which is its suspension arc. ”
According to the above records, this place is more than thirty kilometers away from the county seat of Mizhi County, of course, it does not matter what place it belongs to now, we look at it from a distance, a row of collapsed broken caves on the opposite mountain, the locals say, this is the cave where Li Zicheng's ancestors lived hundreds of years ago, but because it is a large open space, as for where the details are, everyone is unclear, because of the age, the exact location of Li Zicheng's hometown is only a general location.
County Zhi zai, Li Zicheng was a pawn in the year, one year in the work accidentally lost official documents, so he was laid off and dismissed, lost his job Li Zicheng, famine has no food or clothing, because of the forced by life, desperate, he borrowed money from the landlord to live, and later could not earn money to pay off debts, was sued to the county court, locked up in the detention center, his companions were very angry, rescued him, and began to rebel. The reason why Li Zicheng took the road of rebellion in which the officials forced the people to rebel was really because the people were not happy with their lives and were forced to do so.
More than 300 years ago, Li Zicheng's rebellion was a major crime in the Ming Dynasty, and it was necessary to connect the nine ethnic groups, so at that time, the family of Li in the village or the relatives of people who followed Li Zicheng fled, or changed their names and surnames to escape From Zhulian. Now the area around the village is inhabited by villagers surnamed Ye, but the villagers say that they are descendants of the Li Zicheng family.
When they talked about Li Zicheng, they could tell a lot about Li Zicheng's deeds in those years; he led a huge peasant rebel army, which was like a bamboo, invincible, and experienced the ups and downs of victory and defeat; in just ten years, they shouted the great slogan of "exempting the fields from the fields." Wherever the troops went, everyone rushed to tell each other, and along the way the people helped the old and the young, cheered and thundered, shouting "to meet the king, not to pay grain" to meet the king, and the contingent continued to grow and develop.
In March of 1644, Li Zicheng, who was originally from the remote Loess Plateau, still wearing a felt hat and green clothes, led his hundreds of thousands of brothers from Xuanwu Gate into the city of Beijing, the Chongzhen Emperor was hanged at Coal Mountain, and the Ming Dynasty was declared dead.
Immediately afterward, the Yongchang Emperor Li Zicheng was busy cleaning up the Golden Ruan Palace, holding a grand ceremony to ascend the throne, vigorously engaging in the practice of rewarding merits and deeds, celebrating in a way peculiar to peasants, putting horses on the South Mountain, putting swords and guns into storage, drinking happy wine, and the mood of joy and joy was undisguised. Under his leadership, the officials of all sizes under him were even busier one by one to clean up the Xiang Mansion and the official palace, especially the Xiang Niu Venus, who was originally a grandfather who was once a very serious official, and even more so, he was a door stick of a large car all day long, sprinkled with cabinet words on the gold fan, jade belt, blue robe, garden collar, decorating the Xiang Mansion, sending guests back and forth, inviting fellow villagers, soliciting personnel, and becoming a gangster boss.
However, more than a month later, after many years of poor soldiers outside Guanwai, the Tiger's eyes were eyeing Hou Jin, who had always wanted to dominate the ambitions of the wolves in the Central Plains, and now that the Ming Dynasty was extinct and the Chongzhen Emperor was hanged, the Yongchang Emperor, who had not yet ascended the throne, was elevated to their number one enemy, and the Great Qing Iron Horse outside Guanwai was led by Wu Sangui, who was "angry and rushed to the crown as a red face", and these eight banner soldiers with fine armor and iron horses, horses like a sudden wind, and arrows like rain pounced on Li Zicheng's army.
Legend has it that Li Zicheng lived in seclusion
Under the pressure of the Great Qing Iron Horse, in the face of a strong enemy all the way to pursue and kill, Li Zicheng was defeated and retreated, and had no choice but to flee from this city that he had dreamed of entering for many years, first retreating to Xi'an, leading the defeated soldiers to roll up the auxiliary cover and flee all the way, then defeating Shangzhou, without the slightest counterattack force, passively being beaten everywhere, and then retreating to Wuchang, and finally at the Battle of Li Jiafu in Jiugong Mountain in Tongxian County, which led to the total annihilation of the army, Li Zicheng did not know the end.
These two holes are li zicheng's former residence
But now in Li Zicheng's hometown, people are arguing that Li Zicheng did not die, but fled back to his hometown, lived in the cave of the village, and later was still in the temple, so there is a hidden dragon temple not far from here, after all, his local emperor, called the True Dragon Heavenly Son in ancient times, still lived to old age and died.
Introduced by people who claim to be descendants
Watching Li Zicheng in this area, and the villagers said to the place of seclusion, here is a steep slope, the slope is large, surrounded by slopes on all sides, a deep ditch winds from southwest to northeast, due to soil erosion, the cave was buried by the above collapse of the soil to form a slope, exposing the ruined cave.
Referring to the introduction of the locals and the records in the "History of Ming", after Li Zicheng rebelled, he did return to his hometown twice, so now there is a palace built, and the first time the army of returning to the hometown is stationed outside the city, "the gold left behind, the repair of the temple, and the relief of the people." The second time he returned to his hometown, the Ming Dynasty sent an army to destroy Li Zicheng's ancestral grave at Sanfengzi Mountain, and burned the bones, threatening to cut off the "dragon vein" that broke into the Wang family, and now there is a mountain that has traces of excavations in the past.
As for his return to his hometown after being defeated by the Qing army, the history books do not record it, but only the legend of the local people, the villagers said that li Zicheng's hometown next to a high loess mountain, called "Xia Tian'an", the reason for this name, meaning the place under the stars, and there is a place called "Huanglongling" next to it, which is a feng shui treasure land, resembling a thousand-year-old turtle: tortoisetail chong nan, glans face north. The glans is facing directly in front of it. Anyway, I don't see anything unusual, I just think that these two names are very imposing.
Cut off dragon veins
Standing in Li Zicheng's hometown, looking at the loess slopes in front of him, the former residences of successive cave dwellings are silent, and the whistling mountain wind sweeps across the ears, over the mountain beams, and over the blue sky, although everyone in the local area says that Li Zicheng did not die young, but returned to his hometown and died at a great age.
I was thinking that even if, as the locals said, Li Zicheng was indeed not killed at Jiugong Mountain, returned to his hometown to plan the struggle against the Qing Dynasty, and disappeared since then, after all, there was no wave, and it was only that there was no difference from death.
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History crosses the Ming Dynasty volume
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