Hometown Xi'an, these days are very busy, very busy!
Most of my relatives, most of my friends, many teachers and classmates are in this city.
There have been confirmed cases of new crown in Xi'an, and cities and counties around Xi'an are rushing to the aid of Xi'an to help Xi'an tide over the difficulties.
Since the beginning of winter, major hospitals in Xi'an have treated many cases of epidemic haemorrhagic fever, which is also an infectious disease. So I worry about my hometown, worry about my hometown, and cheer for my hometown!
Xi'an people, in the difficult times, are also not losing their fun, and recently invented several words: meat sandwich steamed steamed oil, lamb steamed oil and so on. Here I would like to instruct my old family to get through the difficulties as soon as possible, and when the time comes, we will eat meat sandwich steamed lamb bubbles together.
Regarding the prevention of the new crown, we will not say more, 3 years, everyone is tired of listening to the knowledge of various new crowns. Or do a good job of personal protection: do not run around, do not gather, listen to greetings, wear masks, wash hands frequently, ventilate frequently, vaccinate, regular work and rest, and strengthen nutrition.
Today we mainly talk about hemorrhagic fever, many people seem to have heard of this disease, but they are not very familiar.
First, what is hemorrhagic fever
Hemorrhagic fever, also known as epidemic hemorrhagic fever, also known as renal syndrome hemorrhagic fever, is a naturally occurring disease caused by bunia virus Cohantanvirus (HV).
The main manifestations are fever and bleeding, hence the name; shock and renal impairment follow. Most patients recover completely in 1 to 3 months, and severe patients who are not diagnosed and treated in time can lead to death.
According to data released by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, from 2019 to August 2020, the incidence of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in China was 13,955, the number of deaths was 65, and the mortality rate was 0.4%.
Second, how is hemorrhagic fever transmitted? Will it be passed on from person to person?
The main source of infection is rodents, such as haddock rats, brown rats, obantholls and other rodents.
If a rat bites, or eats food and water that the rat crawls on, or comes into contact with the blood, urine, and feces of the mouse with the virus, it is possible to infect hemorrhagic fever. Although hemorrhagic fever is also an infectious disease, it is not transmitted from person to person, mainly through contact after contamination with rodent secretions or excrement, so there is no large-scale leapfrog infection.
The general population of hemorrhagic fever is a susceptible population, and the domestic plague-type epidemic area can occur all year round in all countries in the world, and the Asian region is relatively the most serious in China, and the patients are mainly male young and middle-aged farmers and workers.
Third, what are the manifestations of hemorrhagic fever
Typical hemorrhagic fever, the initial stage is fever, and there is bleeding.
Because hemorrhagic fever can initially manifest as symptoms such as fever, it is easy to treat haemorrhagic fever as a common cold in the early stage. A small number of patients present with low-grade fever, gastrointestinal discomfort, and respiratory tract infections. Most patients have sudden onset of cold and fever, body temperature between 39 and 40 ° C, fever is mostly 3 to 7 days.
This is the "heat" of hemorrhagic fever!
Bleeding is not the blood that everyone imagines to see, but the "three reds" performance, blushing, neck red, chest red, just like drunks, this red is actually "bleeding".
This is the "bleeding" of hemorrhagic fever!
Taken together is "hemorrhagic fever", in addition to these manifestations of bleeding and fever, there are also four manifestations of pain: general aches, headaches, low back pain and orbital pain.
Therefore, the typical hemorrhagic fever will be manifested as, 1 fever, 3 redness and 4 pains: fever, blushing, neck redness, chest redness, general aches, headaches, low back pain, orbital pain
Of course, with the progression of haemorrhagic fever, some patients are not detected in time, or are not treated in time, and may progress to severe haemorrhagic fever, manifested by: shock, cerebral edema, respiratory distress syndrome, renal failure, coma, convulsions, and extensive bleeding.
Critically ill, there will be severe infection, refractory shock, hemorrhage of important organs such as liver and kidneys, heart failure, pulmonary edema, cerebral edema, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral hernia, and even death.
Fourth, how to treat the prognosis
Early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment, and local treatment are the "treatment principles" of hemorrhagic fever, and grasping this principle can greatly reduce the case fatality rate.
During the fever period, it is necessary to stay in bed, avoid fatigue, and strengthen nutrition; when the temperature is high, it is necessary to cool down symptomatically; reasonably replenish water and prevent shock; if there is a decrease in blood pressure, or even a state of shock, immediately correct shock. Further progression or critical illness requires comprehensive treatment.
Fifth, how to prevent hemorrhagic fever
Prevention and extermination of rats, food safety, environmental safety, and personal hygiene are the keys to prevention.
Whether it is a family or in the breeding area, vegetable garden, orchard and other areas, pay attention to long-term rat prevention, rat extermination, can not relax. Pay attention to personal protection when working in the field, including gloves, rubber shoes, long-sleeved clothes, masks, etc., to avoid infection.
If necessary, the vaccine, bivalent gerbil kidney cell vaccine, can be given 4 times and can be maintained for 2 to 3 years.
Hemorrhagic fever and plague
Many people see that hemorrhagic fever is mainly transmitted through "rats" and think that hemorrhagic fever is "plague".
This is a rumor!
1, are infectious diseases, different levels:
Plague is a class A infectious disease, and there are only two class A infectious diseases in our country: plague and cholera.
Epidemic hemorrhagic fever belongs to the class B infectious diseases, China's class B infectious diseases have 26, we often hear: hemorrhagic fever, viral hepatitis, AIDS, tuberculosis, rabies, syphilis, malaria and so on belong to the class B.
2. The virus is different:
Hemorrhagic fever is caused by bunia virus Kohantanvirus (HV);
Plague is caused by Yersinia pestis.
3. The degree of danger is different
Plague is highly contagious and, if left untreated, has a case fatality rate of 30% to 60%.
Epidemic haemorrhagic fever, we just said that the mortality rate in the last two years is 0.4%.
In short, everyone should do a good job of personal protection, do not worry too much, do not spread rumors, and work together to get through the difficulties!
Come on Xi'an! Lamb soaking and refueling! Meat sandwich steamed bun fuel!