The troika of female writers is divided into domestic and overseas versions.
The overseas version of the three drivers is:
One is Yan Geling, as everyone knows, skipping it;
Yan Geling
The second is Zhang Ling, the original author of the movie "Tangshan Earthquake", in addition to being a doctor overseas, but writing novels of the Republic of China period one by one, because she stands overseas, so she will write that after the founding of the People's Republic of China, a rural girl will be angry and teach herself a foreign language.
The other is Rainbow Shadow. Hongying is a Chongqing writer, but he writes about Shanghai themes overseas, but there is not a single Shanghainese word in the novel, which looks very false. It is not the same as Wang Anyi's Shanghai-themed novels.
In fact, in Wang Anyi's Shanghai-themed novels, the Shanghai flavor has been very weak, because Wang Anyi's mother is a female writer Ru Zhijuan, who is known to everyone, and Wang Anyi has lived in the courtyard of the Writers Association since childhood, and has no close understanding of the life of Shanghai Well, and even the Shanghainese dialect is not authentic. However, Hongying's Shanghai-themed novels did not even have a single soft sentence of Wu Nong, so naturally they could not look at Wang Anyi's back.
The domestic version of the troika is Tie Ning, Wang Anyi, and Zhang Kangkang.
Among them, Zhang Kangkang was born in 1950, Wang Anyi was born in 1954, and Tie Ning was born in 1957.
The age gap is seven years old, but strangely enough, they all belong to a generation, strictly speaking, they all belong to the "zhiqing generation".
Iron condensation
The key reason for this is that Tie Ning stepped on the tail of "Zhiqing", which can be said to be the last generation of Zhiqing. Therefore, all three of them have the intersection of "knowledge and youth themes".
Among the three people, Tie Ning could not have let go, but she was determined to sharpen herself, take a difficult literary road, graduate from high school, and take the initiative to ask to go to the countryside, so as to catch up with the tail of the Zhiqing era, and when she went to the countryside, Zhiqing returned to the city and was ready to move. Among the three female writers, Tie Ning is indeed very iron and belongs to the idealistic generation. If it weren't for the one thing she described in "The Great Bath girl", then Tie Ning would be the sunniest of the three female writers.
Zhang resistance
Zhiqing, who danced and inked, actually did not suffer much. Zhang Kangkang, a graduate of the 69th class, was sent to Heilongjiang, has been writing continuously, published his first work "Lamp" in 1972, published a novel "Dividing Line" in 1975, basically has been in the process of love, childbearing and divorce, want to suffer and have no chance to suffer, if it is lonely, it is the suffering of feelings.
In the troika, Zhang Kangkang started the highest, because Zhang Kangkang had already written about college life in 1979, and at this time, Tie Ning considered using her sister as a middle school student as a prototype to create "Red Shirt Without Buttons". The novel was adapted into the movie "The Girl in Red", and the film version lost the cold, reflective and critical meaning of the novel, and became a completely middle school theme movie.
Among the three people, Wang Anyi is the lowest starting point, she first started with children's novels, and her beautiful, concise and flexible language is much higher than Cao Wenxuan, who later stuck to the field of children's literature.
Wang Anyi
But Wang Anyi made a timely transformation, and Xiao Baozhuang, based on a life of intellectual youth, successfully declared her turn to adult literature.
From a comprehensive point of view, Wang Anyi's starting point is children's literature, Tie Ning's starting point is middle school student literature, and Zhang Kangkang's starting point is college student literature.
Zhang Kangkang's first award-winning novel, "Xia", can be said to be a literary declaration that sets the tone for reform and opening up, accurately matching the overall tone of the literature after that, and it cannot be said that Zhang Kangkang has considerable sensitivity and accurately grasps the theme of the times.
Among the three female writers, Zhang Kangkang can be said to be the most concerned with politics. If we have read her "Xia", we will admire the sensitivity and sensitivity of Zhang Kangkang, after all, she published a long novel full of slogans and conceptualizations before writing this short story of more than a thousand words, "Dividing Line".
In tracking the hot spots of the times, Zhang Kangkang has a talent that surpasses Tie Ning and Wang Anyi.
In the mid-to-late 1980s, literature began to turn inward, that is, from the external depiction of the times to the inner world. Here we mention in passing, Mo Yan with a "transparent carrot", disrupted the Chinese literary scene in the mid-1980s, left and right, the wind swept the clouds, zhang kangkang, the early debut of the female writers of the orderly narrative style, to the impact of the impact, since then, also forcibly brought Zhang kangkang these female writers to the "hidden heart" writing path. Zhang Kangkang's early brightness is gone, and instead he shows the inner desires of women.
All three female writers have found their own winning writing boards.
Zhang Kangkang's emotional history was written by her into the novel "Invisible Companion". In this novel, she describes in detail her acquaintance with her first husband, when Zhang Kangkang met a boy engaged in editing because of the relationship between writing, came and went, had similar interests, and the two fell in love and combined, and had a son.
But soon, the marriage ended, and after that, zhang resisted for eleven years, until 1982, when he met Jiang Rong, who later became famous for "Wolf Totem".
Zhang Kangkang and Jiang Rong married in 1984. In Zhang Kangkang's articles, Jiang Rong has always been described as a good husband who loves his wife, she returned from abroad, her husband was not at home, and entrusted a friend to pick up Zhang Kangkang at the airport. Zhang Kangkang was in Jiang Rong's place, and he gained the feeling of being cared for by the little girl and was very satisfied.
But in the pen of Jiang Rong's ex-wife, Jiang Rong is a heinous person who abuses his wife and betrays his friends.
Jiang Rong, whose original name was Lü Jiamin, was four years older than Zhang Kangkang and was sent to Inner Mongolia that year. At the beginning of the movie "Wolf Totem", we can see a group of intellectuals coming to the inner Mongolian grassland, and this scene is not in the novel. The film is based on Jiang Rong's real experience and restores the scene where Zhiqing was demoted.
Here, Jiang Rong won the love of the female Zhiqing Zhang Hongjun and became Jiang Rong's first wife.
Later, Zhang Hongjun, under the pseudonym Ye Lian, wrote a long novel describing this experience, "Falling into the Wilderness".
After Jiang Rong's relationship with Zhang Hongjun broke down, he married his second wife, Li Nan. Until 1982, when Jiang Rong met Zhang Kangkang, who was shining in the literary world, he launched an emotional impact on Zhang Kangkang.
Jiang Rong's first wife, Zhang Hongjun, described in detail the harm to her by a novel character based on her husband, a woman, and a traumatic article written by a talented woman, which made the novel "Falling Into the Wasteland" unbearable.
"Falling Desert" was published in 2001, and "Wolf Totem" was published in 2004, we can see a vague trajectory is that the history of Jiang Rong's first wife's blood and tears indictment stimulated Jiang Rong, who also threw himself into the field of fiction, and began to write the sensational novel "Wolf Totem" in the future.
Zhang Kangkang said that she did not know that Jiang Rong was writing "Wolf Totem", but in fact, the editor of "Wolf Totem" was Zhang Kangkang's royal editor, and Zhang Kangkang could not not know what Jiang Rong wrote at home all day.
It is worth noting that the "Wolf Totem" does not mention the emotional life of the Zhiqing, but focuses on describing the contradiction between man and nature, obviously, Jiang Rong did not take the sharp arrow shot by the first wife, but Wang Gu left and right, focusing on the exploration of wolf nature.
Stills from the movie "Wolf Totem"
It can be seen that he adopted an attitude of defiance of the position of the first wife.
Of course, in the marriage, it is difficult for outsiders to see clearly, the resentment of Jiang Rong's first wife, Zhang Hongjun, who is right and who is wrong, bystanders naturally cannot figure out.
However, Zhang Hua, a female intellectual who also went to Inner Mongolia to join the team, also wrote a documentary novel "Sheep Oil Lamp" under the pseudonym Of Leisure during the same period, once again taking sides with Zhang Hongjun and exposing the various inferior roots of Zhang Hongjun's ex-husband.
"Falling Desert" and "Sheep Oil Lamp" these two novels focus on showing the emotional life of Zhiqing, because it is too tragic, it can be seen as "post-Zhiqing novel", they have no longer the grandeur and fierceness in Liang Xiaosheng's Zhiqing novel, revealing a deep distrust and doubt of human nature, which can really be called words and blood and tears, and the sentences are painful to the heart.
Both novels were published in 2001, and in 2004, "Wolf Totem" came out, and the angry outpouring of two former young and amateur female writers was immediately hidden in a frenzy of cheering for "wolf sex", and no one cared.
Stills from "Wolf Totem"
Who has cried for humanity, for humanity? Who among those writers who write for "human nature" has faced innocent beings who have been trampled by "wolf nature"?
Of course, there was a female writer who issued her angry accusations.
This is Wang Anyi, who started the lowest in the troika.
In 2006, Wang Anyi wrote a novel, "The Story of an Uncle," about how a writer's uncle deceived a literary young woman and used his suffering to lure the uncle-worshipping woman Wenqing into her arms.
In this novel, Wang Anyi first stabbed her powerful shot at the prison writer who has been decorating his glory with suffering in the literary world.
General commentators believe that this uncle is a hidden shot Zhang Xianliang.
In fact, such deceiving the next generation of uncles is not limited to Zhang Xianliang.
The uncle in the novel is placed in Anhui, which is closer to Yan Geling's famous Anhui writer who harassed her when she was a teenager.
Wang Anyi spoke up for the woman, exposing the writer who showed off his suffering to exaggerate, fiction, and beautify his suffering to create a hero's halo, a little girl who did not understand the world.
Regardless of whether Wang Anyi really stabbed Zhang Xianliang, there is no doubt that after the publication of this novel, Zhang Xianliang reduced his writing of showing off his suffering, "Green Tree" was originally the opening work of his series of showing off suffering, but this series ended without a problem after the appearance of a "Half of a Man is a Woman".
Zhang Xianliang's two novels depict two women he met on the farm, the second of whom was his wife. In the novel, he portrays his wife as not satisfied with the function of "I", but instead he does not live in a different way. In fact, this novel is to pull a little bed affair in family life to the background of the times, thinking that bed is not good because of the embarrassment of social identity.
If Zhang Xianliang is going to write the third novel in this series, then he will encounter a new emotional history of him using his suffering to impress the young female Wenqing.
Zhang Xianliang stopped this writing at the right time, but in his "Habitual Death" he vaguely described the deep love of a female Wenqing who was infatuated with him.
The part that Zhang Xianliang did not write, we can see the sequel in Tie Ning's novel "The Great Bath Girl".
"The Great Bath Girl" depicts a young woman who loves literature, falls in love with a middle-aged writer with a painful experience in the Great Northwest, and falls incredibly in love with him.
As soon as the novel came out, the critic Bai Ye immediately told Zhang Xianliang that you were written in "The Great Bath Girl".
Zhang Xianliang was shocked, and hurriedly found "The Great Bath Girl", after reading it, he was relieved, after all, Tie Ning's men were merciful and did not write his role as the prototype too badly.
In fact, we can see that Tie Ning and Wang Anyi both threw their female spears at the same time to the scum of male writing who decorated their faces with suffering but cheated in real life.
It can be said that why Wang Anyi and Tie Ning were able to stand up in the literary world in the future is closely related to their adherence to the bottom line of their humanity criticism.
But relatively speaking, Zhang Kangkang claimed that "human nature is her writing purpose", but in fact, she became weaker and weaker in her generous statements of human nature, but in the field she did not know at all, she spoke out indiscriminately, originally she had a fairly high starting point, but in the end she violated her vocal purpose and became the negative and negative back of the times.
It can only be said that Zhang Kangkang fell behind in the parallel of the troika.
But there is no need to avoid the literary achievements that Zhang Kangkang once had, which is a rational attitude of seeking truth from facts.