On the afternoon of December 17, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting of Chinese and foreign journalists on "Flying in the Sky and Writing Loyalty to Dreams"; Wang Ke, researcher of the Space Application Engineering and Technology Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Integrated Technology Center; Tang Hongbo, astronaut of the Astronaut Brigade of the people's Liberation Army of the Chinese and astronaut of the Shenzhou 12 flight crew; Dong Neng, director of the General Technology Bureau of the China Manned Space Engineering Office and assistant to the chief designer of China's manned space engineering; and Sun Jun, chief engineer of the space station mission of the Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center Five outstanding representatives of communist party members, including Berlin Hou, deputy chief designer of the space station system of China's manned space engineering and researcher of the Space Technology Research Institute of the Aerospace Science and Technology Group, exchanged views with everyone on the topic of "flying in the sky and writing loyalty to dreams." Through their stories, they can deeply feel the spiritual inheritance of China's astronauts who are particularly able to endure hardships, fight, tackle key problems, and dedicate themselves. What they represent is a large number of Chinese astronauts who are anonymous, selflessly dedicated, and dreaming of flying in the sky, and their dream is to travel in space in the sea of stars.
Wang Ke, researcher at the Space Application Engineering and Technology Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: the pursuit of "writing youth for the country and the sky", the goal of "the sea of stars"
▲Wang Ke, researcher of the Space Application Engineering and Technology Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Integrated Technology Center. Image source/Guoxin.com
Wang Ke entered the space application system work of manned space engineering in 2006, and has participated in the overall design and payload research and development of shenzhou 7, Shenzhou 8 manned spacecraft, Tiangong-1 target vehicle, Tiangong-2 space laboratory and space application system in the space station stage for 15 years.
During this period, Wang Ke gradually grew from an ordinary designer to a deputy chief designer of the system, witnessing and participating in the development and construction of China's manned space applications and sciences. At this stage, the core task of him and his team is to use the space station platform to build multidisciplinary space science facilities with international advanced level, build a national space laboratory, and create a good experimental condition for scientists to build a dream for nine days.
Why do we have to go to space to do experiments? Wang Ke explained that, first, the space station can provide a long-term, stable microgravity and radiation environment, which is conducive to exploring the origin of the universe, revealing the nature of matter and the law of motion of basic scientific experiments, as well as a series of experiments for space life science, material science and so on. In addition, the goal of human spaceflight is to one day explore farther deep space, and farther away is the sea of stars.
Wang Ke also shared a story at the meeting: in the early morning of September 30, 2020, after the three experimental cabinets of the Tianhe core cabin completed the whole cabin test in Tianjin, they needed to be transported back to Beijing for final status confirmation and final commissioning. According to the final overall project arrangement, less than 9 days were given, or 8 days and 16 hours to be precise. In the face of this tense situation, Wang Ke's team set up a communist commando team at that time, arranged according to the hourly schedule, checked the work results by the minute, fought continuously for 9 days and nights, completed more than 100 assembly and debugging and hundreds of test experiments, and finally completed the relevant tasks according to the node and quality. At present, the three experimental cabinets in the Tianhe core cabin are running well in orbit, and certain scientific experimental results have also been achieved.
Shenzhou 12 flight crew astronaut Tang Hongbo: smart home in space
▲ Tang Hongbo, Chinese astronaut of the Astronaut Brigade of the People's Liberation Army and astronaut of the Shenzhou 12 flight crew. Image source/Guoxin.com
Tang Hongbo, an astronaut of the Shenzhou 12 crew, is from the astronaut brigade of the People's Liberation Army of Chinese. Graduated from the Fifth Flight Academy of the Air Force in 1999, he was a former fighter pilot and flew safely for more than 1,000 hours. In 2010, through the selection of a layer of astronauts, came to the astronaut brigade, after 11 years of hard study and perseverance, this year with the crew astronaut commander Nie Haisheng, astronaut Liu Boming together to carry out the Shenzhou XII manned mission. During the orbital period, the crew of 3 people spent about a week to establish the manned environment of the space station, completed a large number of aerospace medicine, space science (test) tests, and completed the installation of extravehicular equipment twice, and successfully returned to the earth after 3 months of orbital flight.
Astronauts often say that "the body is weightless, the mind is never weightless." Tang Hongbo said that he will not forget his original intention, keep in mind the mission, and make more achievements in the new era.
For manned missions, Tang Hongbo believes that livability is getting better and better. The first is the aspect of eating. It used to take about an hour to prepare a meal, but now in about half an hour we can eat hot meals, eat hot dishes, drink hot soup, "to a certain extent, if we have time, we can also achieve the freedom to drink yogurt." ”
In addition, because there was some uncertainty in space, astronauts needed to be on duty at night, and now they can sleep peacefully, and all three people can sleep peacefully. "Because we have a speaker in the sleeping area, not listening to music, it is connected to the system, once there is a situation, the alarm information can notify every sleeping area of the astronauts, and everyone can sleep more peacefully."
The third is the smart home. You can now control the microwave oven and hot air heater in the kitchen from your mobile phone.
For the selection of astronauts, Tang Hongbo said that many projects are very challenging, many people are a project that has not passed, they have been eliminated, the whole process is very thrilling, full of anxiety. "For example, there is a training program that is a 72-hour sleep deprivation test in a small environment, 3 people in a very small room, this room has no windows, to continue to work in this room for 72 hours, you can't snooze in the middle, a nap outside the monitor will use an electric bell to startle."
Dong Neng, director of the General Technical Bureau of the China Manned Space Engineering Office: Never take any doubts to the sky
▲Dong Neng, director of the General Technical Bureau of the China Manned Space Engineering Office and assistant to the chief designer of China's manned space engineering. Image source/Guoxin.com
Dong Neng, who entered the China Manned Space Engineering Office in 2006, has been devoting himself to China's manned spaceflight industry, mainly engaged in the overall design and overall technical management of manned space engineering, and assisting the chief engineer of the engineering to carry out the overall technical work of the space station project. As an ordinary member of the overall team of the project, he participated in the development and construction of the space station throughout the process, and he and his team completed the in-depth demonstration of the space station project from 2010 to 2013, optimized and formed the preliminary overall technical plan of China's space station project, and initially answered the question of what kind of space station to build in China. From 2013 to 2016, the overall technical plan of the space station project was further optimized and improved, the technical indicators and requirements system of the space station project in China were drafted and formed, and the key technical research of the space station was organized. From 2016 to 2019, the demonstration put forward the key technology verification of the space station and the planning of 12 missions for on-orbit construction, answering the question of how to build China's space station. Since 2019, the overall plan demonstration of space station operation support has been completed, the task of space station orbit construction has been further optimized and refined, the layout of space station operation and application has been planned, and the question of how to use China's space station has been solved.
Up to now, the phased results of the space station orbit verification have been achieved, and we are moving step by step towards the goal of successfully completing the assembly and construction of the space station in orbit and realizing the long-term safe operation of the space station in orbit.
Dong Neng introduced at the meeting that the reason why manned spaceflight can continue to succeed is because it adheres to high standards and strict requirements. In the field of manned spaceflight, there is a "quality zeroing", which includes two aspects, which is "management zeroing" for management and "technology zeroing" for technology. There are five standards for zeroing, called "accurate positioning, clear mechanism, fault recurrence, effective measures, and one example and three examples". "As a research and development team, the quality standards have always been adhered to, and we will never take any doubts to the sky." Therefore, our products can guarantee its quality. Dong Neng said.
Sun Jun, chief engineer of the space station mission of the Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center: The reliability of the system should reach 0.9999
▲ Sun Jun, chief engineer of the space station mission of Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center. Image source/Guoxin.com
Sun Jun, chief engineer of the space station mission from beijing aerospace flight control center, has been involved in the flight control of various missions from Shenzhou 1 to the space station stage in the front line for 26 years, and has witnessed the great leap and brilliant achievements of the "three steps" of the project. Manned spaceflight engineering is a difficult giant system project, Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center plays the role of flight control "nerve center", is the flight control mission organization command center, control and calculation center, data processing center, analysis and decision-making center, but also the space station operation control center, must ensure that hundreds of thousands of telemetry parameters and remote control commands are not bad at all, orbit control to be accurate to milliseconds, millimeters, in order to ensure that astronauts are safe at all times, the space station stable operation.
Sun Jun introduced that this year has completed five major tasks in the key technology verification stage of the space station, and the curtain will be opened next year on the construction stage of the space station. The space station has to operate in orbit for more than 10 years, which is indeed facing many new challenges and new difficulties for the Beijing Flight Control Center. In the future, four to five round-trip space-to-earth transportation missions will be carried out every year, that is, the launch of manned spacecraft for group rotation and the launch of cargo spacecraft for material replenishment, so some major task links, including launch, rendezvous and docking, evacuation and return, and flying around, are very intensive. This poses a very big challenge to the organization of the mission.
In addition, the space station has been flying manned for a long time, and large-scale human-participated space science experiments must be carried out. At the same time, the work is also very heavy, the ground needs to carry out 24-hour uninterrupted monitoring and control, especially to monitor some major status, to monitor the safety of the entire flight, to ensure the smooth operation of the space station.
Sun Jun pointed out that the most important feature of manned space flight control is to ensure absolute safety, and the reliability of the system should reach 4 9s, that is, 0.9999. Then, when developing and designing the system, we must fully consider the safety and reliability of the system, and we must do all the measures in place and to the end.
Sun Jun said that the post-80s and post-90s have now provoked the beams of the aerospace industry, they have patriotic feelings, enthusiasm, passion, but also have a lot of innovative new ideas and ideas, they can still bear hardships and dare to fight. "When I just mentioned many young comrades when they are busy with their tasks, some of them are in the center, and they will not see each other once a month after they get busy, and some comrades will work continuously for many hours in their posts, sometimes taking out a little fragment of time to sleep, which is called 'pulse sleep'." Sun Jun said that he hopes to attract and inspire more young people to join the aerospace industry, just like General Secretary Xi Jinping expects, young people should set great aspirations, be wise, become great talents, take on great responsibilities, and strive to become new people of the times who are worthy of the heavy responsibility of national rejuvenation.
Berlin Hou, deputy chief designer of the space station system of China's manned space engineering: the core components of the space station are 100% domestic
▲ Berlin Hou, deputy chief designer of the space station system of China Manned Space Engineering and researcher of the Space Technology Research Institute of the Aerospace Science and Technology Group. Image source/Guoxin.com
Berlin Hou from the overall design department of the Space Technology Research Institute of China Aerospace Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd. is a "post-80s" astronaut, who studied in the School of Navigation of Northwestern Polytechnical University and the Department of Electronic Engineering of Tsinghua University as a graduate student, but after graduation, he came to the China Academy of Space Technology, joined the manned spacecraft design and development team, and became an astronaut.
During the more than ten years of thick work in Berlin, he has participated in the development of manned spacecraft including Tiangong-1, Tiangong-2 and space stations. He has grown from an ordinary designer to a deputy chief designer of the space station, and now his and his team's greatest wish is to build, operate, manage and apply the space station independently developed by our country, and contribute to the construction of a space power.
Berlin Hou believes that the key technology of the spacecraft is the paving stone of China's manned space road, and conquering the key technology is the responsibility and obligation of the astronauts. He gave two examples at the meeting: the first example, the localization of space station components, is to require the components of the space station to be independent and controllable, of which the core components require 100% domestic production, components are the basis of key technologies, if the components are imported, it is impossible to overcome key technologies. At present, not only has this goal been achieved, but the key is to also promote the localization process of the country's related fields and industries, which is another role of the space station's work. The second example, when the research and development team is tackling key technologies, there will generally be a way, that is, the development personnel will take the initiative to concentrate on the office, everyone finds a place, closed office, long for several months, short for several weeks. Centralizing can be tough because you only do one thing a day. Although it is very bitter, everyone's goal is the same, and they never say bitterness.
Berlin Hou said that in addition to the development team after 70 and 80, there are also old comrades who have worked for more than 30 years, they are conscientious, have been struggling in the front line, and have been adhering to the "strict and careful" spirit of work, they participated in the creation of the spirit of manned spaceflight, but at the same time, to their age has been interpreting this spirit. Now that young people have carried the banner of independent innovation and inherited the spirit of manned spaceflight, he believes that the road of manned spaceflight will surely go farther and farther and wider.
Upstream journalist Li Hongpeng