The third stage of Qi Jiguang's military training is to train the soldiers' hands.
That is, to train soldiers in fist and foot kung fu, increase soldiers' physical fitness and ability to resist blows.
Qi Jiguang was born in martial arts and naturally practiced martial arts.
But Qi Jiguang's martial arts training does not blindly practice routine kung fu, he has his own thinking.
He believes that in routine kung fu, many actions are made up to cater to ornamentation, and they are of no use in actual combat.
Often, in a set of complex long fist routines, only one or two actions have the function of technical attack and self-defense.
In fact, many of Qi Jiguang's boxing styles and martial arts in that era were quite good, at least much better than today.
Today, martial arts have been developed, and many things have been mutated and mutated to nothing, and they are jokingly called "dance" and "broadcast gymnastics".
Isn't it?
We look at the various martial arts competitions held in China, if it is a solo performance, it is to follow the set routine, have a board and an eye to kick the foot and bright fist, and then mix some rolling and tumbling movements in the middle. If you want to achieve good results, you are often like the monkeys who have been trained by monkey people, turning hard and fighting, constantly flipping, the more you turn the better, the higher the results.
If it is a two-person performance, especially a performance with weapons, they will strictly memorize a two-block three-jump and other rehearsed actions.
We often see many comical scenes in which the attacking side is going to hit the head with a stick, and the stick is still dragged on the ground; the defending side has already put the stick on the top of its head early. And the attacking side obviously sees that the other side has set up a stick on the top, and will never attack other undefended parts, or it will strictly follow the pre-rehearsal, when the first stick is split, the two sticks intersect, and a crisp sound is made. The louder this sound, the easier it is to get a high score. Hit the head stick, the next should be the sweeping stick, this stick can not be swept too high, too high will sweep to the tibia of the defender, must be how low to sweep how low, whistle the ground sweep, the defender like a jump rope, easily jump up ...
Such martial arts are actually martial arts performances in Peking Opera.
For this kind of routine martial art, Qi Jiguang told the soldiers that it was all "virtual" and "flowery", and could only be played between "Zhiyin people".
Qi Jiguang rejects "virtual" kung fu and "flower" style kung fu.
After carefully studying many martial arts routines, he basically took one or two of the moves with practical tactics for each routine to practice, and consciously improved his strength, speed, physical fitness, technique, and ability to resist blows in the practice.
Therefore, when training soldiers, he said in a serious tone: "What Naijin has learned and learned is a fictitious set, and the true method of his imminent formation really makes the true art of the real camp, and there is no word for it; it is still temporary." And like all kinds of instruments and technical camps, the killing of people, is it not good to see? ”
In order to make the soldiers' kung fu practice more practical, Qi Jiguang paid more attention to the techniques, footwork, body methods, and advance and retreat methods of training soldiers.
These are very similar to the training of martial arts in modern armies and the practice of modern martial arts with professional fighters.
No, for the technique of striking, Qi Jiguang only taught the soldiers three steps to attack the enemy: First, whether he resisted the opponent's move to fight back, or attacked the enemy first, before returning fire or attacking, there must be a fake action to mobilize the enemy's body to receive the effect of sounding east and west; the second is that the virtual movement of the false action is quickly transformed into a direct attack, so that there is virtual reality, there is yin and yang, from virtual to real, from yin to yang; third, when directly attacking, it is necessary to directly take the other party's key points, "causing people and not causing people", even if "later people send", it is also " Ancestors to the people", the hand is not merciful, one move to win.
On the basis of practicing boxing and footwork, Qi Jiguang then deduced the principle of use of boxing to weapons, from swords and swords, swords and sticks, from sticks and guns, to soldiers to achieve one art, all kinds of arts, eighteen kinds of weapons, each in hand, can become a tool to kill the enemy.
The fourth stage of training is to train the soldier's foot strength.
Qi Jiguang's most urgent purpose in training this new army was to suppress and kill the invading Wokou.
Well, the battlefield is all over the southeast coast.
These areas are high mountains and dense forests, canyons and rivers, mainly infantry combat.
Then, to achieve high-speed and efficient transfer in battle, it is necessary to have extraordinary foot strength.
To this end, Qi Jiguang led the soldiers to practice running every day, and wore heavy armor and carried heavy objects to practice, insisting every day, requiring them to run a mile in one breath without breathing.
Later results proved that the new army of Qi Jiguang's army was able to cross the north and south and shock the world, which had a huge relationship with the foot strength of the soldiers.
The fourth stage of training, practicing the formation.
Many classical novels have records about the formation method, such as the Bagua Array written in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", saying that Zhuge Liang divided into eight arrays of life, injury, hugh, Du, Jing, death, shock, and opening eight doors according to the arrangement of the eight gates, arranged in stone, absorbing the Bagua arrangement, compatible with astronomical geography, and powerful, "every hour of the day, the change is unprovoked, comparable to 100,000 elite soldiers."
Another example is the Tianmen Array in the "Northern Song Dynasty Yang Family General's Interpretation", written in the Shinto Way, saying that there are arrays in the array, the large array sets the small array, the sub-array sets the mother array, the array is continuous, the array is successive, the array is next, the array is staggered, the crisscross is crisscrossed, there is Tiangang, there is genius, there is Tianbao, there is Tiande, there is Tiancai, there is Tiankui, there is Tianjie, there is Tiandou, there is a hundred single and eight arrays, the Liao soldiers only have seventy-two arrays, but they are also miserable in the array, murderous, and the devil is crying and the ghost is sad.
Another example is the Taiyi Mixed Celestial Array in "Water Margin", which is depicted more mysteriously, divided into green dragons, white tigers, and suzaku, according to the southeast and northwest, divided into buckets, cattle, women, virtual, danger, room, wall, kang, qi, fang, heart, tail, ji, kui, lou, stomach, pleiades, bi, qi, ginseng, wells, ghosts, willows, stars, Zhang, wings, and thunderbolts, often wind and thunder and thunder, thunderbolts in the air, killing the sky, walking stones and flying sand, and the heavenly soldiers are terrified, and the gods will fall.
……
These formations with strong mythological overtones are not credible at all.
However, qi Ji created the new Mandarin Duck Formation according to the terrain of the south and the characteristics of the Wokou, which was clearly recorded in his military work "Ji Xiao New Book", and the history can be traced.
This set of new Mandarin duck formations not only shined on the battlefield of the Anti-Wu Dynasty; at the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Zhejiang soldiers used it on the battlefield of Salhu and the Hun River, which also shocked the courage of the Houjin cavalry.
The grassroots units of the formation are teams, and each queue is as follows: the captain is at the front, the second row is two rattan players, the third row is two wolfmen, the fourth row is four lancers, the fifth row is two palladium players, and finally the firemen.
The captain of the first platoon holds a flag gun and a waist knife.
The rattan cards used by the two rattan players in the second row are woven with rattan, round, three feet and five inches in diameter, and equipped with a waist knife.
The wolf wagons used by the two wolfmen in the third row were made of large bamboo and tree branches, and were more than one foot and three feet long--this weapon, which was also the first creation of Qi Jiguang, was aimed at the short and sharp characteristics of the knife, with the principle of "inch long and inch short", first forked the knife of the Wokou, followed by the long gunners of the fourth row, and the Wokou was executed on the spot.
Therefore, the spearmen of the fourth row of spearmen are longer than the wolf's sack, and they are eight feet long.
The palladium of the two palladium hands in the fifth row is also specially made, modified by a three-strand fork, and the middle strand is particularly long, more than eight feet, and equipped with a waist knife.
The firemen behind the temple hold their guns and sticks.
Qi Jiguang told the soldiers that each person's ability is limited, and if you fight with the enemy one-on-one on the battlefield, even if you can fight again, you will probably kill two or three enemies, and you will be too tired to do it. Therefore, killing the enemy cannot rely on individuals alone, but must rely on the formation method and rely on the strength of the collective to jointly confront the enemy.
When this set of formations is trained, the captain is in front; in real combat, it is two rattan players who meet the enemy first and use the rattan cards to defuse the enemy's attack. At this time, the wolf-wing pays attention to protecting the rattan player, the spearman protects the wolf-cage hand, and the mirror palladium hand protects the spearman. The four weapons are combined, and the warriors are facing each other in pairs, so it is called the Mandarin Duck Array. Soldiers are required to coordinate and advance and retreat together, and the defense really plays a defensive role, and the killing really plays a killing role.
What's even better is that the combat formation of this Mandarin Duck Formation can also be expanded into a battle formation of three talents when the battle field is wide, and the power is increased by geometric multiples.
(The above is the twelfth of Qin Shiyong's book "Qi Jiguang, the God of War of daming")
One
The name of Qi Jiguang, the god of war of the Ming Dynasty, has a profound meaning, and you may not understand it to see his birth and growth
Two
Qi Jiguang, the god of war, has exuded the temperament of a famous general since he was a child, and his father has strict requirements everywhere in order to cultivate his talents
Third
The growth of Qi Jiguang, the god of war, benefited from the fact that he had a strict father and a good teacher
Fourth
Qi Jiguang patrolled the side, met the monk talking about the art of immortality, and for a moment next to him, he made a big fuss, and everyone changed color
Fifth
Qi Jiguang inherited his father's position and lived in sipin, but he took the imperial examination in an ordinary capacity, and everyone was puzzled
Sixth
"Qi Jiguang beheading" is a legend, and "Qi Jiguang punishes uncle" is a historical fact, to see the process of "punishing uncle"
Seven
Qi Jiguang first went to the battlefield of the Anti-Wu Dynasty and was arranged in the forefront area, which can be described as a good steel used on the blade
Eight
Qi Jiguang first tried his hand on the battlefield of the Anti-Wu Dynasty, but he was disappointed, so he came up with a new idea
Nine
A Chinese who engaged in colonial rule in Japan had the heroism of Ban Chao, but he was labeled as a Wokou
Ten
Cen Gang lost, Qi Jiguang went to Yiwu to recruit troops, he did not tell others, his recruitment belongs to the appearance of people
Eleven
Famous generals are worthy of being famous generals, and Qi Jiguang's military training is unique and has become a model for future generations of military training