Which of the Song, Liao, and Jin dynasties is orthodox has been debated in history. According to historical practice, the history of the former dynasty was repaired by the later dynasty, and the History of Song, the History of Liao, and the History of Jin were revised by the Yuan Dynasty. The overseers of these three histories, Tuotuo and Arutu, were all Mongols, and although the main chief official Zhang Qiyan and others were Han Chinese, they had either been favored by the Yuan Dynasty long ago, or had lived in the Jin ruling areas since their ancestors, and they were mostly willing to take Jin as orthodox and look down on the Southern Song Dynasty. A small number of historians who want to use the Song as orthodox cannot change this situation.
The Eighteenth Volume of the History of Jin, the Last Volume of the "Book of Sorrows" has a cloud of "Emperor Yuan's merits and virtues are flourishing, heaven and man belong to the heart, the sunrise is breathing, and the situation is inevitable." He also believed that Jin Wanzong's "Emperor Death Society" was in line with the "Rites", so he specially commended it. The words in this "praise" are the same as those in the "Book of The Three Kingdoms Zhi Wei - The Chronicle of the Three Shao Emperors" at the end of the "Tianlu Yong, the calendar is in the Jin", and the "Shi Chen Yue" after the "Book of Sui - Emperor Gong": "The praise has a genus, and the sheng bell becomes loud", singing the same tune, obviously declaring that the orthodoxy of the Yuan Dynasty was inherited from Jin, not as some people believed that the orthodoxy of the Yuan was inherited from the Song during the dispute between the Three Histories.
The "History of Song" is another way of saying when the Yuan dynasty destroyed the Song Dynasty, the "History of the Song Dynasty - Yingguo Gong Jizan" is "I Emperor Yuan's Ping Song Ye" and the second is "I Yuan Yi Tianxia", the revisionist means that the Southern Song Dynasty is only a local government that should be pacified, and the unorthodox place is. The Yuan dynasty destroyed the Song Dynasty to unify the world, not to destroy the country and succeed to the reunification.
Compare the "Jinjin History Table" and the "Jin Song History Table". "Jinjin History Table" Cloud "The country can be destroyed, history cannot be destroyed, good is my teacher, evil is also my teacher." "This is the saying that the country was destroyed and the successor was succeeded, and the former dynasty was a teacher. And the "History of the Song Dynasty" Yun: "Looking at the reason for the Zhao clan's long substitution, it is enough to see the achievements of the Emperor Yuan' mixing." The "unification" here, that is, "unification", is still regarded as a unified local government.
The "Preface to the Appointment Table" of the "History of Jin" says: "The Song dynasty used jin chu or the courtesy of the courtiers to 'table', and finally called it 'book' with the nephew ceremony" repeatedly." Here it is directly seen that the Song dynasty is regarded as a vassal state of Jin.
Forty-five years before the extinction of the Song Dynasty, it is certainly willing to say that its orthodox status was established as early as the time of the extinction of the Jin, and it will never agree to the claim that it did not achieve orthodox status until after the destruction of the Song Dynasty.
We can see that although the orthodox dispute between the Song, Liao, and Jin dynasties finally reconciled the contradictions on the surface, the shame brought to the Han people by the partial security of the Southern Song Dynasty was obvious. So, the people of the north under the rule of the Jin Dynasty were happy to accept the rule of the Jin Dynasty and were unwilling to the Northern Expedition of the Southern Song Dynasty? Look at the historical facts.
Since the Song and Jin "Shaoxing Peace Talks" in 1141, Zhao Zhuo and Qin Ju and other capitulationists ceded most of the northern part to the Jin Kingdom, and without shame, they claimed to the Jin State, and every year they paid tribute to the Jin State, and in order to please the Jin Dynasty, they also brutally killed the patriotic hero Yue Fei, thinking that they could sit in this "small imperial court" for "long-term peace and stability". The King of Hailing ordered a picture screen to be inscribed on it, saying: If the Ten Thousand Mile Car Book is mixed, will Jiangnan have a different frontier seal? Nominate million West Lake side, immediately the first peak of Wu Mountain.
He made a lot of preparations for the elimination of the Southern Song Dynasty and the unification of Jiangnan. Due to the "heavy and urgent conquests", people in various places revolted one after another, including the Zhao uprising in Kaishan, Shandong, Zhang Wang and Xu Yuan in Donghai, the Dukui uprising in Shanzhou, the uprising of Wang Jiulang of Daming Province, the uprising of Chen Jun in Taihang Mountain, and so on.
Here it is only said that the Geng Jing Uprising in Jinan Province was led by Geng Jing, Li Tiegun and six other people, who attacked Kleiwu County and the Tai'an Army. Small groups of rebels from all over Shandong, such as Jia Rui and Xin Zhiyi, came to attach themselves. Grow to hundreds of thousands of people. In 1161, King Hailing was killed by his men during his invasion of the south.
Xin abandoned the disease to Geng Jing to take the initiative to contact the Nanzong government, so that the two sides could coordinate their battles and deal a fatal blow to the Jurchen rulers, after which he was sent as representatives of the rebel army with Jia Rui and others to negotiate with the Shang and Song governments, but unexpectedly, after Xin Renyi and others went south, zhang Anguo, a general in the rebel army, was bribed by the Jin people, killed Geng Jing in conspiracy, dismissed most of the rebel army, and kidnapped another part to surrender to the Jin people. The Jin government immediately sent Jang An-kook to be the governor of Jeju (present-day Juye County, Shandong). Xin abandoned the disease and returned to the north, and arrived in Haizhou to get the news of the incident, and it was there that fifty rebel soldiers were assembled, and they rode straight to Jeju, captured the traitor Zhang Anguo and tied him up among the 50,000 people, and on the spot called on tens of thousands of soldiers to rise up and do it anyway, and immediately led them to gallop south, thirsty and hungry, until they crossed the HuaiShui to rest.
The government of the Southern Song Dynasty had always been afraid of resisting the rebel army, and after Xin abandoned the disease and "embraced the ten thousand men with the banner of the strong age" and went south, he was first disarmed, and later sent to the Jiangyin Army to sign the judgment; more than 10,000 of his troops were only regarded as going south
The displaced people were scattered among the counties of Huainan.
After Emperor Xiaozong of Song succeeded to the throne, he used Zhang Jun, who was the main warrior faction, to preside over military politics, and launched a military offensive against Jin in 1163, but unfortunately he was defeated by the Jin people in Fuli, so Zhang Jun and others were excluded from the government, and the main and faction figures and discussions took advantage in the Song government. Regardless of his low official position, Xin wrote a specific analysis of the future of the peace between Song and Jin, entitled "Ten Treatises on Meiqin", which was given to Emperor Xiaozong in 1165 by Qin Chen. In the preface to the treatise, he first pointed out that the struggle against Kim should urgently strive for the initiative, and should not make the right to fight peace always out of the enemy." Although Zhang Jun's defeat caused great losses to the Song side, compared with the humiliating policy pursued during Qin Jun's reign, although the attack was defeated, he finally showed some anger; and Qin Jun's efforts to charm the enemy and to join the morale and people's hearts to suppress the song were very cruel, so it was absolutely impossible to change or even abandon the recovery plan for the sake of the defeat of this campaign.
The first three chapters of the Ten Treatises argue the situation of Jin's foreign powers, analyze the increasing hatred of the Han people in the Jin regime against the Jurchen rulers, the growing resentment and hatred of the Jurchen rulers, and the truth that the people in the supreme ruling group of Jin are falling in love with each other, jealousy, and killing, and thus conclude that Jin is not only not terrible, but also has a "clutch" to take advantage of. The last seven chapters of the "Ten Treatises" put forward opinions on how the Southern Song Dynasty should enrich its strength, turn passive into active, and seize the opportunity to march into recovery, and made specific plans. He thought that first of all, we should dispel the fallacy that existed among Tu Dafu and held that "there is a fixed situation in the north and the south, and the fragility of Wu Chu is not enough to compete with the Central Plains." Only by breaking this fallacy can we have confidence and talk about autonomy. He suggested: Move the capital to Jinling and stop paying the old coins to the Jin Dynasty. In this way, the inside can be the spirit of the three armies, the outside can break the heart of the enemy, creating the momentum of the attack, the people of the Central Plains will also have some courage and courage to rise up and respond internally, and the military arrangement of the Jin people in Shandong is relatively weak, so when the troops go out of Shandong, Shandong can be down, and if they attack Shandong, Heshuo will be shocked by the wind, and it is very possible to attack Youyan.
These "Ten Treatises" and the "Nine Discussions" given to Yu Yunwen did not arouse their attention and reaction.
In the first few years of his return to nan, Xin was only floating among the lower-level bureaucrats, and when his talent and strategy had already been expressed and he was already recognized as a person with achievements, he also only served as a few local officials in Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan and other places. In the long twenty years from 1182 to 1203, he was completely abandoned by the Southern Song Government, except for less than three years as the envoy of the Punishment and Pacification of Fujian Road.
In 1203, in order to enhance his prestige, Han Nongxu, who monopolized the military power of the imperial government, wanted to use some well-known figures, launched a military offensive against Jin, and established a meritorious deed. In the early spring of 1204 he was summoned by the emperor and changed to the prefect of Zhenjiang, when he was summoned. The patriotic poet Lu You specially wrote a long poem to send him, comparing him with Guan Zhong and Xiao He, and advising him not to mind the rejection of the past, but to bravely go forward to take on his cause of restoring the Central Plains. When he arrived in Zhenjiang, the Zhenjiang scholar Liu Zai also compared him to Zhang Liang and Zhuge Liang in the welcome book, and said that "since he dared to paint the halberd, he would celebrate the restoration of the country." All these reflected the ardent and lofty expectations of the general scholars and doctors at that time for Xin Renjie.
On the one hand, Xin Zhiyi asserted that the Jin state would be chaotic and mortal, but on the other hand, he believed that the Southern Song Dynasty did not yet have the conditions to win the victory over Jin. He thought that it should not be like the military campaign of The Southern Dynasty Song Wen Emperor Yuan Jia Nian against Tuoba Wei: if you do not accurately estimate the contrast between the strengths of the two sides, you will hastily and blindly advance, but it will only win the northern Gu of the emperor. Therefore, he stressed to Song Ningzong and Han Nongxu that we should vigorously engage in preparatory work, and that the use of troops against Jin should be entrusted to the elders and important ministers, "for hasty and contingency measures." And this so-called elder and important minister, he must not hesitate to include himself. Therefore, after he took up his post in Zhenjiang, he immediately arranged preparations for military advances, first sending the remnants to go deep into the Jin Dynasty to reconnoiter the number of soldiers and horses, the location of the tun shu, the name of the commander-in-chief, the position of the commander, and so on, and then hurried to make ten thousand sets of military uniforms, and to recruit Tuding in various places in Yanbian to meet the enemy.
Han Nong and he introduced
Most of the people in the government are some stupid people, who are the same as Cai Jing, Tong Guan, Wang Yi and so on at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. Since the idea of fighting against Jin has won the approval and support of public opinion, they regard it as an extremely easy to establish merit and a merit that can be easily obtained, and they have even disregarded the intention of pretending to be others or doing things with others. Therefore, Xin abandoned the disease as the prefect of Zhenjiang for less than fifteen months, and all the facilities had not yet been properly arranged, and he was deposed by Han Nongxu. I had to go back to Lead Mountain to live a pastoral life.
Soon, Han Nongxin led a division to cut gold with Guo Zhuo, Huang Fubin and others, unfortunately, just as Xin Shuyi was worried, this battle was only exchanged for a disastrous ending, in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhao Zhuo and Qin Juniper and the like killed Yue Fei, their perverse actions also destroyed the battle spirit of the Han nation, weakened the combat ability of the entire Southern Song Dynasty, and gradually appeared, this loss is incalculable. In the autumn of 1207, the great enmity of the Southern Song Dynasty was not restored, the great shame was not snowed, and Xin abandoned the disease in his life, and he was not yet sixty-eight years old, so he died.
The endless hatred he left behind is also the legacy of the people in the occupied areas of the north.