Qian Cheng's Easy To Learn Origin Examination (2)
Wu Shejiao
05
In addition to his family studies, Qian Chengzhi's Yixue origin also received guidance from his predecessors. Qian Chengzhi once specifically pointed out two: Zodiac Zhou and He Kai. In "Easy Learning in the Field", Qian directly refers to the Zodiac Zhou as "Mr. Zhangpu Huang of my master".
Zodiac Zhou character Youxuan, number Shi Zhai, Fujian Zhangpu people. Heavenly Revelation NongjinShi, Chongzhen Zhongguan at least Zhan Shi, Fu Wang Hongguang Shi official to the Rebbe Shangshu. Raising an army against the Qing Dynasty, Wuyuan was captured by the Qing soldiers, unyielding, and was killed in 1646. Zodiac Zhou is knowledgeable and famous for its articles. Proficient in zhiyi, Yixue's works mainly include "Yi Benxiang", "Three Yi Dongjie" and "YiXiangzheng".
According to the "Annals of Qian Cheng", in 1644, when Jia Shen and Qian Chengzhi were 33 years old, they changed their names and went into exile in Wu City due to the disaster of the party. One day, "When Mr. Huang Shizhai passed through the Gate, he looked forward to seeing it, and he was recruited into the boat, and talked about the transgressions of the gentlemen of the Eastern Han Dynasty, because he said: 'After all, Qian Muzhai has been reading for a few more years, and his learning is different.'" Fu Jun (Qian Chengzhi) laughed and said, "It is better to read like this than not to read." 'Sir is righteously responsible, and advises the study to be far from harming the whole body. He was bestowed the book "Xiangzheng". A few months later, Wuxia was in chaos, and Qian Cheng's family was killed, so he sneaked into Fujian. During the three years of his stay in Minshan, Qian Chengzhi always remembered the teachings of the Zodiac Zhou, so he made up his mind to study the Zhou Yi, and relied on memorizing chapters and verses, silently seeking the meaning of the scriptures, often having some experience, and over time he formed a copy of the "Fire Transmission".
During the southern Ming Longwu court, when Zodiac Zhou was the first assistant, qian Chengzhi was introduced as a push official. Regarding the grace of the Zodiac Zhou's knowledge, Qian Chengzhi regarded it as a great honor, and once wrote in the text: "In the dynasty, the same people do not take an official as a life, but they all compete for the recommendation of the great sage." "And determined to repay the master's kindness." He wrote in "After the Appointment of the Official, Huang Shi Zhai Zeng Eryun And Two Divisions": "Xiao Ao is half formed into a small grass, so as to hold the ice tiller to repay the master's kindness." After zodiac zhou generously became righteous, he was overwhelmed with grief and composed "Weeping Zhangpu Division": "Zong Rong has abandoned the whole army, why is it difficult for the minister to return the horse?" Chang Xiao asked for a vain wish, but the remaining tears spilled on the dragon's face. ”
The Yixue thought of the Zodiac Zhou mainly inherits the mathematical view of elephants from the Jingfang of the Han Dynasty to the Shao Yong of the Song Dynasty, and tries to deduce its relationship with the chaos and social ethics of the dynasties based on the guaxiang and numbers in the Zhou Yi, which has a certain guiding effect on Qian's Yixue. Another feature of the zodiac Zhou Zhiyi is that it is often used to discuss the Book of Poetry and the Spring and Autumn Classics, which has played a certain enlightening role in Qian Cheng's subsequent use of "Poems" to follow "Yi", "Qu" to follow "Poems", "Zhuang" and "Qu", and to communicate with the sutras. For example, in the "Field Poetics", when interpreting the "National Wind - Hou Ren", there is the following saying: "The encounter between "Yi" and the king is better than the marriage." Oh, meet the thickness also. It is said that this generation has no merit and is the intention of the great negative king's kindness. If it doesn't work, it's a bad thing. Here is the use of the "Zhou Yi" of the "Tun" gua to say "poetry"; in the interpretation of the "Dresser Hua", "Wei Qi has a chapter, it is a celebration." The following sentence is as follows: "Zhou Yi is said to be celebrated, and all are through the country." He also served as a situ and served as a canonist. If it is not his virtue, how can he be called a duty. Here is the general example of the "Yi" to interpret the poem. These methods of learning, which are interconnected by the sutras, have been influenced to a large extent by the Zodiac Week. In the "Field Yixue", there are even many direct quotations from the "Yi Xiangzheng" on this aspect, such as the "Meng" Gua Ci: "The Xiangzheng is known as the ancient sage, Gai Tong Meng self-seeking. Wei Wugong was ninety years old, and he was a vigilant man, and he said: "There is no way to give up on me." "Poetry": Woohoo! The boy does not know whether Zang is not, the bandit carries it in his hand, and the words are revealed; the bandits face their fate, and the words mention their ears, which can be described as the request of the child. In "Easy learning in the field", Qian Chengzhi quoted "Yi Xiangzheng" more than fifty times.
06
Another person who had an important influence on Qian Cheng's idea of easy learning was He Kai. He Kaizi Xuanzi, a native of Jinjiang, Fujian Province, will be a five-year soldier tomorrow. Chongzhen shi moved to the engineering department to shi zhong, and the Tang dynasty was rebbe Shangshu. He was well-versed in scripture. Yi Xue's works include "Ancient Zhou Yi Jie", which is based on hongfu and must be based on evidence. Qian Chengzhi said in the "YiXue Fan Case": "When Mr. He Xuanzi stayed in the capital, he showed himself to the people who questioned him. He also wrote in the "Ordinary Examples of Poetics": "Mr. Jinjiang He wrote the "Poetry Classics" ,...... Mr. He conferred on Yu "Yi" and "Poetry", and his teachings did not forget it."
One of the characteristics of He Kaiyixue is to use the various editions of Zhou Yi that he has mastered to distinguish and expound, and to try to restore the ancient character sounds, ancient fonts, and ancient style examples of Zhou Yi. The "Field Yixue" contains more than 150 articles in the "Ancient Zhou Yi Jie", most of which are used to explain the names of the gua and the words. This played an important role in Qian Chengzhi's accurate understanding of the meaning of the Chinese characters in Zhou Yi. For example, when arguing about the two names of "Big Animal" and "Little Animal" and the big "Elephant", the "Engagement" is quoted: ""The "Great Animal" has a mind that encompasses the universe and encompasses all eternity, so "Elephant" knows more about animal virtue. "The Little Animal" has the academic power to be careful in what he says and to be careful in his deeds, so "Elephant" is known as Yi Wende." There are twelve lamentations in the Zhou Yi, and Qian Chengzhi quotes the "Engagement" to discern: "The Yi has 'time', 'use', and 'righteousness'. 'Time', it suffers; 'use', its cause also. Sixty-four gua 'time' is enough. If things are shallow and have deep meanings, they are called 'the righteousness of the times', and they want people to think about it; they are not beautiful things and sometimes they are used, they are 'sometimes used in times', they want others to be different; when major events change, they are called 'times are great', and they want people to be careful.". An important aspect of Qian Chengzhi's easy-to-learn thought is the understanding of "time", which he mentions more than once: "The way of easyness is only because of its time." This understanding of "time" guides his attitude toward the provenance of life, as well as his understanding of social change, the summary of historical lessons learned, and the comments on historical events. For example, from this point of view, he criticized Wang Anshi and Wei Yiweng's claims that Bo Yi and Shu Qi were not dead in Shouyang Mountain, and Qu Yuandang was not sinking into the Luojiang River. He believes that neither Wang nor Wei understands the meaning of "time".
07
Qian Cheng's father learned Yi in his early years to teach Fang Xueyi, the founder of Fang's easy learning in Tongcheng, Guilin, so Qian Cheng's infiltration of Fang's easy learning was the longest, and the easy-to-learn ideas and methods of acting were also most influenced by Fang's easy-to-learn. Fang Yizhi's father, Fang Kongzhuo, said: "Wang Xuzhou, Cao Baizhuo, and Qian Erzhuo were all ancestors (Fang Xuexian), and The Void Boat was late poor and poor Heluo, and Bai Zhu and Erzhuo analyzed the names. "Yixue in the Field" quotes a large number of Yixue remarks of Fang scholars or scholars related to them, including Fang Xuezhi, Fang Dazhen, Wu Yingbin (Fang Yizhi's grandfather), Fang Kongzhuo, Wang Xuan (Fang Yizhi's teacher), etc., of which Fang Kongzhuo's conquest has reached more than fifty times. Fang Kongzhuo's easy-to-learn achievements were also influenced by the Zodiac Week. According to Fang Yizhi' account, his father, Fang Zhong, was arrested and imprisoned for offending Yang Sichang when he was patrolling Huguang. "Mr. Shi Shizhai also prayed to the staff and was in the same white cloud vault. In August, the two gentlemen were acquainted, and Gai did not talk about "Yi" day and night. Later, he returned to his hometown to play in the Huanzhong Caotang, compromised the theories of various families, changed his manuscript three times, and wrote "Zhou Yi Shi Theory". Fang Yizhi and his son finally completed the compilation of the Zhou YiShi Theory on the basis of the Zhou Yi Shi Theory.
Qian Chengzhi and Fang Yizhi are fellow countrymen, similar in age, and they are lifelong friends in terms of learning and practicing. In the early years, in the Ze Garden built by Fang Kongzhuo, Fang Yizhi and Qian Chengzhi and a group of friends founded the "Zeshe". On the one hand, they directly expressed their political ambitions and discussed the current events of the world; on the other hand, they exchanged knowledge together and learned from Wang Xuan together. The experience of this period laid a profound academic foundation for the formation of Qian Chengzhi's easy-to-learn ideas. Qian Chengzhi also maintained frequent contact with Fang Yizhi during his exile in Wuzhong, his exile in Fujian and Guangdong, and his return to the old countryside. The two talk about current affairs and learning as always, and Yixue is definitely one of the topics of discussion. In Qian Chengzhi's poem "Fifty Teachers in the Place of Sending Medicine", Yun said: "I read the Xi literature, but I don't get it from the book." The big "Easy" is in people, who can measure the sun and the moon. Easy to understand the salty sense of purpose, and exhaust the power of the arrangement. It reflects the exchange of experiences between the two about Easy Learning.
In the process of compiling the Zhou Yishi Treatise, Qian Chengzhi was also invited to participate deeply. According to the "Chronology of Qian Gong Drinking Guangfu Jun" compiled by his son Qian Shulu, in the twelfth year of Qing Shunzhi, when Qian Chengzhi was forty-four years old, he "had no way to run to mourn, went out of the customs to become a ceremony, buried in the tomb of Bi Lu, and invited the fujun to note the I Ching.". In the thirteenth year of Shunzhi, the Annals recorded: "In the spring, there is no tomb in the Ming Mountains, and his honored public has the "Treatise on the Zhou Yi Shi", which has nothing to be corrected." Because he had read through his collection of books, he chose to record his words into a book. Many of these books are quoted in the Treatise on Time, and the grandfather's note "See Yi" and the "Fire Transmission" written by Fu Junmin are also further advanced." In the process of assisting Fang Yizhi in compiling the book, Qian Chengzhi had a deeper understanding of the achievements of the Fang clan's Yixue dynasty. A considerable part of Qian Zhili's "See Yi" is also quoted in the "Zhou Yi Shi Theory Compilation".