What should I do if the ginseng fruit leaves fall and the deformity is serious?

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At present, the ginseng fruits cultivated in China are mostly varieties native to South America. According to the planting and cultivation in China, its plant shape, fruit color, fruit shape, yield and quality have belonged to different types. Growers choose based on the criteria for a thick plant, strong disease resistance and high fruit yield.

Due to the vast territory of Our country, the climate varies greatly from place to place, so the natural planting time of the grower should be determined according to the local natural environment temperature to determine the best time for planting. First of all, according to the temperature requirements of ginseng fruit, such as suitable for growing temperature of 10-20 ° C, flowering fruit temperature of 15-30 ° C, if beyond the above temperature range, will make ginseng fruit adversely affected. Although ginseng fruit can be cultivated all year round, in the natural planting time of the Yangtze River and Huai River Basin, it is often more common or suitable for spring cultivation, generally after the late frost or Qingming season, but there are also early plantings. Autumn planting should be carried out in early autumn.

This image is from pixabay and is based on the cc0 protocol

In addition to the fruit fall caused by various diseases and insect pests, the general fruit fall phenomenon is less, and the flower fall phenomenon is more common. Today we will talk about the physiological diseases of ginseng fruit and the prevention and control methods.

1. Control of ginseng fruit falling flowers

The falling of ginseng fruit is an important reason that affects the yield of ginseng fruit, especially the early yield. Experiments have proved that ginseng fruit flowers are mainly related to the growth hormone content in plants. If the environmental conditions and nutritional conditions are suitable, the development and pollination and fertilization of ginseng fruit flowers are normal, and the development of fruits is also normal, and generally no flowering phenomenon is produced. If the environmental conditions and nutritional conditions are not suitable, especially boron, calcium, potassium, zinc, molybdenum and other nutrients are insufficient, pollination and fertilization is not normal, the growth and development of flowers and fruits will be affected, and it is easy to produce flowering phenomenon. It is recommended to irrigate the roots with 1000 times liquid Jiamei bonus in the early flowering stage, and spray 1000 times liquid Jiamei brain platinum 2-3 times on the foliar surface.

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There are many reasons for the fall of ginseng fruit, mainly poor growth conditions, improper cultivation management measures, mechanical damage and so on. Among them, the growth conditions are poor, such as high temperature (night temperature above 25 °C or daily temperature above 30 °C) or too low (night temperature below 15 °C), insufficient moisture, long-term rain, insufficient light and other effects are the most significant.

Early spring anti-seasonal cultivation encounters low temperatures, rain and insufficient light, which are the main reasons for the fall of ginseng fruit. In the cultivation, comprehensive agricultural technical measures should be adopted to make ginseng fruit grow and develop well, so that the rate of flower preservation and fruit preservation will be significantly improved. In order to prevent the fall of flowers and fruits, during the flowering period, according to the growth conditions and characteristics of the greenhouse, strengthen the management of environmental conditions such as temperature, light and moisture, and at the same time, use growth regulators to protect flowers and fruits.

Commonly used growth regulators, there are 2, 4-d and anti-fallin. 2,4-d can only be used to dot flowers, use a brush dipped in potion to dot the stalks or holders of half-opened or about flowers. When using, do not contaminate young shoots and young leaves to avoid drug damage. The general use concentration is 10-20 mg / L. Anti-fallant pigment is less harmful to young shoots and young leaves, and can be treated by spraying flowers, that is, spraying flowers with a small sprayer to the upper half of the flower spikes or just open.

Second, the prevention and control of ginseng fruit deformity fruit

There are many manifestations of deformity, mainly including fruit deformation, irregular nodular protrusions on the fruit surface and other undesirable manifestations.

1. The main reasons for the deformity of ginseng fruit are:

(1) Seedlings with poor flower bud differentiation during the flower bud differentiation period, if they are in the low temperature of 8c-10 °C for a long time, deformed fruits will be formed. This type of deformed fruit mostly appears on the first to second panicles of the lower part of the plant.

(2) Improper use of fruit setting hormone The concentration of fruit setting hormone is too high, and the fertilizer water is not supplied in time, which will cause deformed development of the fruit.

(3) After the plant grows too strongly, it often inhibits normal flowering and fruiting, and induces deformed fruit.

2. The measures to prevent the deformity of ginseng fruit are as follows:

(1) Strengthen the seedling management of ginseng fruit, prevent the humidity in the seedbed from being too low or too high, prevent the temperature difference between day and night from being too large, and at the same time strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, and timely pursue Jiamei dividends, Jiamei Hailibao, and Jiamei profits to ensure the comprehensive and balanced supply of various nutrients, and prevent ginseng fruit plants from growing and forming aging seedlings.

(2) Rational use of fruit hormones, the concentration should not be too high, and the timing of treatment should be appropriate.

(3) Strengthen the management of root soil, and apply 1000 times liquid Jiamei dividend 2-3 times to prevent plant growth and premature aging.

Third, the prevention and control of ginseng fruit curl leaves

Curly leaves are a more common phenomenon in the production of ginseng fruit, especially after entering the fruiting period, the curly leaf phenomenon is more serious. When the leaf curl occurs, the light one is generally only slightly rolled up on both sides of the leaf, and the heavy one is often rolled into a cylinder. Curly leaves not only affect the normal photosynthesis of ginseng fruit, but also expose the fruit to sunlight and are prone to sunburn.

1. The cause of the occurrence of curly leaves

The main cause of the occurrence of ginseng fruit curls

(1) When the water-scarce soil is dry and the water supply is insufficient, it is most likely to cause leaf curl disease.

(2) Under high temperature conditions, the water loss of the plant is accelerated, and it is easy to curl leaves. If the water supply is insufficient at high temperatures, the curl leaves will be more severe.

(3) Strong light in summer will often cause the temperature of the leaves to rise too fast and too high, accelerate the loss of water, and thus curl the leaves. Therefore, ginseng fruits cultivated in the open field in summer are more prone to leaf curling.

(4) When the fruit and leaf proportions are out of balance, the plant leaves have too many fruits, and the leaf area is insufficient, the leaves are easy to be used for fruit growth in large quantities due to nutrients, so that their own malnutrition will occur and curl. Usually, in the case of premature ginseng fruit picking or insufficient leaves left during heart picking, leaf curling is more likely to occur.

(5) After the treatment of fruit setting hormone, the fertilizer water supply is insufficient, and the leaf nutrient input is lacking. After treatment with fruit setting hormone, the growth potential of the fruit increases and the amount of nutrients competing from the leaves increases. If the fertilizer water management is not strengthened and the fertilizer water supply of the leaves is guaranteed, it will cause premature aging of the leaves and curling.

(6) Fertilizer damage and drug damage Due to excessive fertilization spraying, the foliar surface is affected by fertilizer damage or drug damage, and the curling phenomenon occurs.

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2. Prevention and control measures to prevent leaf curling:

(1) Select ginseng fruit varieties that are resistant to curly leaves. In general, ginseng fruit varieties with small leaves and thick leaves are more resistant to curly leaves.

(2) Ginseng fruit cultivated in protected areas should be strengthened during high temperature to prevent excessive temperature. Generally, the maximum temperature should not exceed 30 ° C.

(3) Ginseng fruit cultivated in the open ground should be planted reasonably densely, and it should be sealed before the arrival of summer to avoid strong light hitting the ground.

(4) Implement mulch mulch cultivation. The plants under mulching cultivation have strong growth, high fertilizer and water utilization rate, and are not prone to leaf curling.

(5) The concentration and timing of foliar topdressing and spraying should be appropriate. The drug and fertilizer should be dispensed according to the required concentration. Do not spray foliar fertilizer and spray around noon in high temperatures during periods of high light.

(6) Strengthen fertilizer and water management to prevent defertilization and dehydration. During the squat period, the length of time of the squat seedlings should be determined according to the type of variety used, the growth of the plant and the weather conditions, etc., so as to avoid excessive squatting seedlings and causing leaf curls. In the fruiting period, it is necessary to strengthen fertilizer and water management, often keep the soil moist, and in the peak of the fruit period, 1 bag of Jiamei dividend + Jiamei Hailibao 2-3 kg per mu is washed or driped, or 1 bag of Jiamei dividend + Jiamei profit is 4-5 kg, while foliar spraying 1000 times liquid Jiamei brain platinum promotes fruit expansion and sweetness.

Fourth, the prevention and treatment of ginseng fruit burning disease

1. The cause of sunburn disease is due to the dry weather, lack of water in the soil, and direct light, resulting in excessive temperature on the surface of the sunflower fruit, causing burns, and later becoming yellow-brown patches.

2. The prevention and control method increases the application of fully decomposed farm manure to enhance the soil's ability to retain fertilizer and water; take all agricultural measures to prevent the fruit from being exposed to direct sunlight, such as shading, reasonable dense planting, and picking hearts and leaves.

3. The expansion stage begins to apply 800 times liquid Jiamei dividend, and foliar spray 1000 times liquid Jiamei brain platinum, which can greatly reduce the occurrence of sunburn.

Fifth, the prevention and control of ginseng fruit root

Ginseng fruit is prone to rooting at the seedling stage or after colonization. When the roots are rooted, no new roots are developed at the root, and the skin of the young roots is rusty, brown, and then gradually decays. The upper part of the ground wilts and is easily uprooted, the cotyledons or leaves turn yellow, and the leaf margins begin to scorch.

The main causes of the root are the ground temperature below 12 °C and the long duration, coupled with excessive watering, or continuous rainy weather. After the slight root is found, it is necessary to loosen the soil in time, and after the soil is dried, it is necessary to apply anti-toxic alum + evil mold spirit + Pulik + Jiamei dividend 1000 times liquid to improve the ground temperature and prevent diseases. After the new roots have grown, they are transferred to normal management and low temperature exercise.

Resources:

"5 major diseases in ginseng fruit cultivation, learn these control methods" ants say cute pet

"Essentials of Ginseng Fruit Cultivation Techniques" 360 personal library