Wang Changling, also known as Shaobo, was born in Taiyuan, Shanxi in 698 AD, and returned to his hometown from the post of Lieutenant Long Biao in 757 AD, passing through Bozhou, when he encountered the rough Bozhou assassin Shi Lu Qiuxiao, who was inexplicably punched and kicked to death. According to the Biography of Tang Caizi, (Wang Changling) "returned to his hometown with a sword and fire, and was killed for the sake of assassinating Shi Lu Qiuxiao." "
This well-known Tang Dynasty border poet died unjustly and unjustly, at the age of 60.
Wang Changling not only wrote excellent poems and farewell poems, but also had a little fame for his life poems, especially for his good work of "Seven Absolutes", he was open-minded and bold, liked to make friends, and had contacts with literati, officials, hermits, monks, and so on.
Whether it is a confidant or an ordinary friend, whether it is a celebrity or an unknown person, he is sincere. In his lifetime, he left many poems and good stories that sincerely interacted with friends, and 52 of his farewell poems survived in the world, which were called the "Seven Sacred Hands" and "Poet Tianzi" of the Zhenda Dynasty.
First, the plain and bumpy road to the world
Born in a poor peasant family, Wang Changling entered the army late and took a path of youth that was different from ordinary people. He is not what we call the "school bully" type today, and he did not like to read much when he was young, but he was talented and had unique ideals and ambitions, and planned to pursue a career after taking advantage of his young and full experience.
Therefore, before the age of 23, he lived a life of half farming and half reading in his hometown of Taiyuan. At the age of 23, he left home to learn Taoism in Songshan and felt the Taoist seclusion life for 3 years. At the age of 26, he resolutely threw his pen from Rong to the northwest to become a border soldier, patrolled the border during the day, and wrote (bian sai) poems at night, experiencing several years of bian sai life.
It was not until 727 AD, when Wang Changling was almost 30 years old, that he rushed to the capital Chang'an to take the exam, and was lucky enough to be able to enter the high school and enter the first place in one fell swoop.
The first job the imperial court gave wang Changling was to be a secretary to the provincial school secretary, that is, a librarian at the National Library. In 731, the 34-year-old Wang Changling took the Erudite Hongzi Examination, which is equivalent to today's national civil service examination, and in the examination, he was appointed as a scholarly Hongci, and later promoted to the post of lieutenant of Fenshui County, Henan, that is, the director of the Public Security Bureau of Fenshui County. Three years later, he was re-appointed to Jiangning County, equivalent to the county order of Jiangning County in Nanjing.
After 4 years in office in Jiangning, wang Changling, 41, was exiled to Lingnan for committing a crime. Fortunately, the following year, he encountered the "amnesty under the heavens" and was able to return to the north, and later continued to serve as Jiang Ningcheng.
This time he served for another 4 years, but because of his words, he was demoted to the remote Yelang area as a longbiao lieutenant (longbiao, one said today's Guizhou Jinping, the other said to be Qianyang, Hunan).
Wang Changling served as a lieutenant of Longbiao for 8 years, and at the age of 59, he applied for retirement to "return to his hometown", and after being approved, he set out from Longbiao and traveled all the way, and was unfortunately killed when passing through Haozhou in October of the following year. Henan Jiedu made Zhang Hao later file a grievance for him and avenge him.
This Bozhou assassin Lu Qiuxiao, originally a "garbage man", has always been arrogant and despises the literati, even his superior, Henan Jiedu made Zhang Hao because of his cloth origin, Min Qiuxiao also looked down on it and did not want to obey orders.
In 757, Zhang Hao was ordered to quell the "Anshi Rebellion" and ordered Bozhou To assassinate Shi Lu Qiuxiao to lead an army to quickly relieve the "danger of SongZhou", but Lu Qiuxiao still deliberately delayed time and did not move. Zhang Hao was executed for his missed military plane. Before his death, Lu Qiuxiao begged for "having relatives, begging for a loan to spare his life", and was sealed by Zhang Hao with a sentence: "Wang Changling's relatives, who do you want to raise?" "
The conceited Min Qiu Xiao died, died well, and was very happy. It's just a pity that Wang Changling was wrongfully killed, which is really sad!
2. Singing and interacting with friends
Wang Changling met and had many famous poets who had friendly contacts, such as Meng Haoran, Li Bai, Wang Wei, Cen Shan, Gao Shi, Wang Zhizhuo, etc. The exchanges between Wang Changling, Meng Haoran, and Li Bai have also formed an eons-old anecdote of "losing Meng and making friends with Li."
When Wang Changling was 42 years old, on his way back from Lingnan to the north, he traveled in Baling, which is today's Yueyang, Hunan, and met the great poet Li Bai (then 38 years old), and the two felt sorry for each other. Wang Changling immediately wrote a poem "Baling Sends Li XII" to Li Bai: Swaying Baling Zhou Zhufen, Qingjiang rumors are well known. The mountain chief does not see the autumn city color, and the sun is full of water clouds.
After Wang Changling was later demoted to the post of Long Biao lieutenant, Li Bai gave encouragement for him to write "Wen Wang Changling Left Migration Dragon Biao Yao Has This Mail", expressing a deep affection between friends: Yang Hua fell to the end of the rules, and Wen Daolong marked the Five Streams. I send my heart and the bright moon, and follow the king until the night LangXi.
After the two parted ways, the following year, Wang Changling went to Xiangyang to visit his friend Meng Haoran, who was also a famous poet. When Meng Haoran saw his former friend visiting, he was extremely happy, and despite his own gangrene, he slaughtered chickens and sheep for hospitality, and also arranged a seafood meal.
When Wang Changling parted, Meng Haoran wrote a poem for him to bid farewell: Dongting went far and near, and the maple leaves were early in autumn. Da Shou Yang Gong Love, Changsha Jia Yi Sorrow.
Unexpectedly, Meng Haoran actually ate seafood with his friend Wang Changling, and the carbuncle recurred, and soon died of death. The bad news of Meng Haoran's death came, and Wang Changling was still on his way back to Chang'an, full of grief, full of self-blame and remorse:
When we get together, you and I really shouldn't drink bitterly, eat and drink, what seafood do you eat, sorry, sorry, my friend, my Mengfuzi...
This is the anecdote of Wang Changling's "lost Meng's hand over Li".
Later, when Wang Changling rushed from the capital Chang'an to Jiangning to take up a post, he became acquainted with the border poet Cen Shan, and the two had similar interests and became "year-old friends". At that time, Wang Changling was the idol of Cen Shan, Cen Shan was still a young man, the little Wang Changling was twenty years old, admired Wang Changling, and specially wrote a farewell poem "Send Wang Da Changling to Jiangning" with nostalgia:
Silent about the wine, sad to send the king. Ming Shi was not used, and Bai Shou attacked the text. …… Submerged and deep, the yellow crane lifts the unmarried. Cherish the Jun Qingyun Instrument and strive to add meals.
Wang Changling also replied to Cen Shan's five-word poem "Stay by Cen San's Brothers":
Jiangcheng Jianye Building, the mountain is full of vicissitudes. Deputy Shouzi County, southeast of the lone boat. Rixi Shimen Pass, Moon Tu Jinling Zhou. Follow the Spirit Scouts, and don't you be proud of the prince.
Wang Changling's interaction with Gao Shi and Wang Zhizhuo's three major border poets also achieved a classic interesting talk: the flag pavilion painting wall.
When Wang Changling, Gao Shi and Wang Zhizhuo met in Chang'an, they found a wine pavilion for a drink, and happened to encounter four charming pear garden women playing famous songs. The three poets came to be interested, wanted to be more advanced, and said: Among the lyrics of these singers, whoever sings more verses is the well-deserved poet of the First Side of the Tang Dynasty.
So, every time the singer sang a verse from the three of them, who drew it on the wall. When Wang Changling crossed it twice and Gao Shi drew it twice, Wang Zhizhuo did not hear his own verses being sung, and his face was a little hanging, so he said to Wang Changling and Gao Shi that which few of the films were singing only songs that were not popular with the "lower Riba people", and the next one, the most beautiful singer, would definitely sing "Yangchun White Snow" and other elegant sentences, and there would be mine. Wang Changling and Gao Shihaha laughed and said, looking forward to it.
Sure enough, when it was the turn of the most beautiful singer to sing, she sang Wang Zhizhuo's most famous "Liangzhou Words": the Yellow River is far above the white clouds, a lonely city of Wanlingshan. Qiang Di why should he complain about Yang Liu, the spring wind does not pass the jade door. This is the origin of the "flag pavilion painting wall".
Wang Changling also had a deep friendship with the "poetry Buddha" Wang Wei, and their story of "Qinglong Temple and Poetry" is also very touching.
In 743, the 45-year-old Wang Changling was invited to visit the Qinglong Temple with Wang Wei, Pei Di and others, visiting the senior monk Tanbi Shangren and chanting poems to each other. In particular, Wang Changling's "Qinglong Temple and Poems" is the best written, and his "Five Rhymes with Wang Weiji qinglong Temple on the Wall" not only bears witness to the sincere exchanges between friends, but also expresses the Buddhist realm of longing for Yuantong to live in the world:
Originally a clean place, the bamboo tree led to the shadows. The eaves contain the mountains and greenery, and the heart of the world is born. There is no image in the circle, and the holy realm cannot be invaded. It is really my brother's law, why bother my brother deeply. Tianxiang will naturally know the bells.
There are also many ordinary people who have not been known to communicate with Wang Changling, such as Xin Wan, Huang Fuyue, Di Zongxiang and so on. "A Piece of Ice Heart" originates from the story of Wang Changling's interaction with his friend Xin Wan.
When Wang Changling was in his second post as Jiang Ningcheng, he was already more than forty years old, degraded to this place, in a depressed mood, and when sending his friend Xin Wan, he made "Furong Lou Sending Xin Wan" to show his heart: The cold rain and the river entered Wu at night, and Ping Ming sent a guest to Chu Shan Lonely. Luoyang relatives and friends asked each other, a piece of ice heart in the jade pot.
When Wang Changling demoted Long Biao to lieutenant passing through Nanling, his friend Huangfu Yue received him. When he was leaving, Wang Changling wrote for it: He and Jun tong fell ill and drifted again, and last night Xuancheng said goodbye to the deceased. Ming Lord's grace is not old, and the Yangtze River is also a total of five streams.
His friend Di Zongxiang wanted to travel far, and Wang Changling put wine for it, and also wrote "SendIng Di Zongxiang": Autumn is twilight on the water, and Luoyang trees are singing and smoking. Sending the king back to the sorrow is endless, and the air is cool and breezy.
Wang Changling is such a bold poet with great affection and righteousness, even if his friends are not well-known, they are just as enthusiastic and sincere. He also wrote many farewell poems to ordinary friends, and he will not list them one by one.
3. The famous Border Poet of the Tang Dynasty
Wang Changling, together with Gao Shi, Cen Shan, and Wang Zhizhuo, was known as the "Four Great Border Poets" of the Tang Dynasty.
Wang Changling's biansai poems were mainly written in the years after the age of 26. At that time, he was a Shubian warrior, in the area of Helong and Yumenguan, he experienced the magnificent desert and Gobi scenery of the northwest border plug, touched by the iron-blooded spirit of the Shubian generals who slept in the wind and slept on the border, and wrote a series of famous poems on the border, such as "Out of the Plug": Qin Shi Mingyue Han Shi Guan, the Long March people have not returned. But to make the Dragon City fly will be, not to teach Humadu Yin Mountain.
This ancient song sings the voice of the soldiers guarding the border, and is recognized as the pressed scroll of the Tang Dynasty's Seven Absolute Border Plug Poems.
There is also "From the Army", Wang Changling wrote a total of seven songs, especially "From the Army" (part 4) makes people taste the ambition and pride of the army: Qinghai Changyun Dark Snow Mountain, isolated city looking at the Yumen Pass. Huangsha wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, and does not break the Loulan and will not return it.
Wang Changling can be said to be the founder of Biansai poetry, inspired by the Biansai poems written by Yang Jiong, Chen Ziang and other early Tang poets, he pushed forward the creation of Biansai poems a step, and later Great poets such as Gao Shi, Cen Shan, and Wang Zhizhuo continued to develop, forming an extremely important genre in the Poetry Circle of the Tang Dynasty.
However, Wang Changling's style of biansai poetry is different from That of Gao Shi, Cen Shan, and Wang Zhizhuo. Both Gao Cen are known for their long stories, Gao Shi's poems are passionate and high, and Cen Shan's poems are more majestic and magnificent.
Wang Zhizhuo's biansai poems are only 3, which are extremely majestic and romantic. Wang Changling, on the other hand, took a different path, and used short poems to excel, focusing on expressing his lofty ambitions and implicit and deep feelings of supporting the army in the form of "seven words and sentences".
Fourth, quite distinctive grievance poems and life poems
In addition to Wang Changling's farewell poems and biansai poems that have been passed down through the ages, his grievance poems and life poems are actually well written and well-known.
Representative works such as "Boudoir Resentment": the young woman in the boudoir does not know sorrow, and the spring day condenses makeup on the Green Building. Suddenly seeing the strange head of Yang Willow, the repentant husband and wife looked for a marquis.
This "Grievance" is actually the sentiment of Wang Changling when he was only a minor official after winning the first place in the Doctoral Discipline when he was in his thirties, nostalgic for the beauty of galloping in his twenties, the regret of being swallowed up by pride, and the most rare radiance of the years when he was a soldier in Biansai.
There is also "Xigong Spring Grudge", which is also a true portrayal of himself, revealing the meaning of Not Meeting Huaicai: Xigong night is quiet and fragrant, and wants to roll the bead curtain spring hate long. Obliquely hugging the clouds and the deep moon, the hazy tree color hides the sun.
When Wang Changling was demoted to Longbiao in his later years, he once wrote a famous "Lotus Picking Song", which freshly and brightly outlined the scene when the lotus girl was happily working in the lotus pond, and had a different taste of life: the lotus leaf luo skirt was cut in color, and the hibiscus opened to both sides of the face. I can't see it in the pool, and I feel that someone is coming when I hear the song.
Author: Li Dakui, this article is published with the author's permission. Welcome to my headline number: Read less about the Red Chamber and tell you a different story of famous books.