Wood ear fungus is grown on the trunk of a damp and decaying tree, often growing on the rotting wood of a variety of broad-leaved trees, solitary or group-grown. Artificial cultivation is mainly bass on basswood and bag materials. Artificial planting is mostly based on bass on bass trees and bags, and there are more growth in wet areas.
The following Liu Fang shares the control methods of common diseases of wood ear fungus, as well as the pest control of wood ear storage period. Friends can refer to their actual situation according to their own actual situation.
【Wood ear rotten ear (also known as flow ear)】
A common symptom is that after the ear pieces mature, the ear pieces become soft, and the ear pieces and even the ear roots are self-dissolving and decaying.
Liufang recommends prevention and control methods:
(1) Strengthen cultivation management for the causes of rotten ears, and pay attention to ventilation, light, etc.
(2) Timely harvesting, ear pieces are close to maturity or have matured immediately. It can be sprayed with a solution of chlortetracycline or oxytetracycline to prevent the flow of the ears.
Wood ear fungus rotten ear
【Black fungus green mold disease】
Black fungus green mold is a bag of fungus seed bottle, around the inoculation hole of the wood and the fruiting body infected by green mold, the initial white and slender hyphae on the culture material segment wood or fruiting body, after a few days, it can form conidia, once the conidia are formed in large quantities or mature, the colony becomes green and powdery.
Liufang recommends prevention and control measures:
(1) Keep the ear field, ear room and its surrounding environment clean and hygienic. The ear chamber and ear field must be well ventilated and easily drained. Spray lime water once a day after the ear, which has a good anti-mildew effect.
(2) If the green mold occurs on the surface of the culture material and has not yet penetrated deep into the material, the affected area can be scrubbed with lime water, which can control the growth of green mold.
Black fungus green mold
【Anti-mold of ear fungus block】
Fungus fungus mass mold pollution is an important reason for the reduction of fungus mass production and affecting product quality, and penicillium and trichoderma are the most common bacteria on fungus mass.
Liufang is known to have the following anti-mildew measures:
(1) Select strains with strong mold resistance, as well as fresh raw materials to cross the summer. Adding antifungal agents to the culture medium is currently considered more effective by using an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate, or mixing with lime water, which can also prevent the acidity of the culture medium.
(2) Press the bottle with the strains that have been full and dig the bottle. Briquetting utensils and films are sterilized with potassium permanganate solution. Within 1 week after briquetting, the hyphae have not fully recovered, and if mold appears, the affected area can be applied with saturated lime aqueous solution. During the protection of the environment to clean out the mushrooms, after the harvest of the first batch of fungus, spray lime water or coal phenol soap solution on the ground every 3 to 5 days, which can be cross-used, which can be beneficial to control the growth of miscellaneous bacteria.
(3) Indoor germs, outdoor ear out, is considered to be an effective anti-mildew measure for the cultivation of fungus fungus. To strengthen water management, it is necessary to disperse the loss of water and air flow according to the fungus.
【Thrips】
The main symptom of thrips is that the larvae begin to harm the fungus, and after invading the ear piece, suck the juice, causing the ear piece to shrink severely, it will cause a large area of ear flow. The main method of prevention and control is mostly to control with drugs, and can be sprayed with dichlorvos and malathion.
【Pseudo-walking insect】
Pseudo-walking insects are infested with adults eating the outer layer of ear chips, and the larvae harm the ear roots of the ear pieces, or burrow into the inoculation hole to eat ear buds, and the damaged ear roots no longer have ears. Dry ears in storage can still be endangered after the dry ears are receptive.
Liufang's personal control experience is to remove dead branches and leaves from the cultivation site, and when insect pests occur in large quantities, the ear pieces are removed first, and then sprayed with medicinal solution. At the same time, it can also be prevented with pyrethroid emulsion and malathion, and can also be controlled by immersing the wettable diphtheria drug solution into the basswood.
1, first of all, our first job is to eliminate the source of insects
Pests that harm fungus include termites, grain moths and so on. It often overwinters in warehouse crevices, debris, packaging, etc. Therefore, before storing fungus, we farmers should remove indoor debris and outdoor weeds, and disinfect empty warehouses with dichlorvos emulsion. Remember to hang the liquid soaked in the room with a gauze strip, seal it for 2 to 3 days, and then ventilate for 1 day, you can put the ear into the warehouse. Finally, lime powder, malathion, etc. are sprinkled around the warehouse, which can effectively prevent outdoor pests from entering the room.
2. Pay attention to prevent the fungus from getting damp
Fungus is extremely susceptible to insect infestation after moisture. Therefore, before entering the warehouse, it must be dried and treated, so that the moisture content of the fungus does not exceed 20 percent, and it is spread and dried into a plastic bag or aluminum can, sealed and placed in a wooden box or carton lined with moisture-proof paper, and the desiccant such as dry wood chips, quicklime, etc. can be put into the box, and the desiccant can be checked once every half a month, if the desiccant has been hygroscopic, it should be taken out and dried or dried and then put into the box, if the fungus returns to moisture, it should be re-dried in time.
3. Effectively kill insects on fungus in time
If pests are found during storage, measures should be taken to kill them in a timely manner. We can use fungus to be exposed to strong light for 1 day or use a dryer to kill pests in 40 minutes at about 50 degrees. Or a sealed warehouse lasting more than 20 days can kill all the pests. It is also possible to extract oxygen from the warehouse to flow into nitrogen, or to infuse carbon dioxide gas into the room to minimize the indoor oxygen content, and to suffocate and die after two days of pest suffocation, which can prevent diseases by up to 100%.
4. It is recommended to carry out fumigation with a closed warehouse
When pests occur in large numbers during the storage period of fungus, fumigants should be used to fumigate the warehouse. This method has obvious effect in the short term, and the fumigant commonly used is aluminum phosphide. Dispersed in the warehouse, sealed above 12 degrees for three days, after the end of the fumigation ventilation and dispersion for more than ten days.
【Summary】:
Through the above, friends also have a general understanding of the common diseases of fungus and the control measures of insect pests during storage, we should adhere to the 'prevention first, integrated control' plant protection policy, comprehensive use of agriculture and chemical and other control measures, effective suppression of diseases and insect pests.
Thank you for reading and remember to click "Follow" Farmer Gu Liufang above to get more about agricultural planting tips.