In ancient and modern China and abroad, there are people with both moral integrity and ability, and there are also many people who have no moral integrity or who have talent and no morality. Well, can you write "The wind rises and blows a pool of spring water." Feng Yanmi of such a poem, there is no doubt about the literary brilliance, but it has always been criticized by the world, which is very puzzling.
Feng Yanmi's father was named Feng Lingfu, and Mr. Feng Lingfu was deeply influenced by Li Fu, the founding monarch of the Southern Tang Dynasty, and the official achieved the official Shangshu. Because of his father's sake and because of his own talents, Feng Yanmi entered Li Fu's vision early, was deeply appreciated by Li Fu, and was arranged to accompany the crown prince Li Jing.
During the accompanying reading, Feng Yanshu conquered Li Jing with his talents, and soon became the prince's old friend, becoming a true "princeling", which paved the way for his future.
After Li Jing succeeded to the throne, he did not forget his old friend. As a result, Feng Yanmi's career path was like opening a hanging, and in a very short period of time, he ascended to the position of prime minister.
To say that Feng Yanmi is a person, there must be talent and learning, and the ambition is not small. But the second generation of officials like him, who grew up in such a gentle and rich township as Yangzhou, where did he know the suffering of the world? Where do you understand the means of the bureaucracy?
If Feng Yanshu is very self-aware and can fully realize that his official ability is very mediocre, he can be a shoucheng prime minister and live this life safely and comfortably under the protection of Li Jing. However, he is also a person with a strong desire for power.
As early as when the Crown Prince's Mansion was reading to Li Jing, Feng Yanshu showed a strong desire for power, and he was jealous of anyone whose status was higher than his, and he tried every means to suppress it. After becoming prime minister, he became more and more fierce, and in order to consolidate his power, he not only wantonly excluded dissidents, but also relied on Li Jing's favor and wantonly insulted his courtiers.
According to records, a minister named Sun Sheng, because he could not bear the humiliation, once confronted Feng Yanmi in the face and said, "Jun often despises me, I know it." Hongbi is beautiful, ten lives are not as good as jun; witty singing wine, a hundred lives are not as good as jun; flattery and sinister, tired and robbed can not be jun. ”
The meaning of Sun Sheng's words is that, Lord Feng, I know that you usually look down on me, and I myself admit that I am less than one-tenth of you in terms of writing and writing, and I am less than one percent of you on drinking and having fun, but if I want to talk about flattery and cunning, I am afraid that I will not be able to compare with you in my life! This statement illustrates at least two points: First, it is recognized that Feng Yanshu is brilliant in literature; second, it is also recognized that Lord Feng is flattering and cunning.
To say that Feng Yanwei is flattering and cunning is not excessive, let's take a look at the "Long Life Girl" he dedicated to Li Jing, which can illustrate these two points. "Spring feast, green wine a cup of song again." Goodbye to Chen Sanzhi: one wish lang jun chitose, two wishes concubines chang jian, three wishes like Liang Shangyan, the years to see each other. ”
In this queuing, Feng Yanshu compared the grace of the monarch to the love of husband and wife, in order to thank Li Jing for his kindness to him, I have to say that this horse ass is an ancient person who has never been before and has never come after, no wonder Li Jing is so fond of him.
Another time, Li Jing summoned Feng Yanshu to the dynasty and talked with him about state affairs, and during the banquet, Feng Yanshu said something to Li Jing: "In the past, in the First World War of Anlu, only thousands of soldiers were lost, and the former emperor did not think about tea and dinner for many days. Today's emperor has dispatched tens of thousands of troops to play ball like a feast, this true hero Lord! ”
This means that when the first lord led the soldiers to fight, only a few thousand people died, he sighed even, and he could not even eat, this is completely the people's style, how can it be a big thing? On the other hand, at present, tens of thousands of troops are fighting outside, but His Majesty does not pay any attention to it, and still holds a feast, singing and dancing, and according to me, His Majesty is the real lord! With such a favor, it is only a matter of time before the country's strength declines.
This dialogue between him and Li Jing has always been criticized by the world, believing that he is bent on flattering and deceiving the king, and has no literati style. When Lu You wrote the Book of Southern Tang, he even used a very harsh four-word "flattery and sinister deception" to evaluate him.
Although Li Jing had little talent in politics, he liked to read and write poetry since he was a child, and as he grew older, he gradually shifted his interest to more flexible long and short sentences, often composing lyrics himself and giving them to Gong'e to sing at banquets.
Along with him, there were also his favorite ministers Han Xizai and Feng Yanwei, who were all literary and proficient in musical rhythms, and they were all more than the emperor. In particular, Feng Yanwei, a sentence "the wind rises, blowing a pool of spring water", was widely known at that time, and even some people laughed and said: Wherever there is well water, there is the word "spring water".
It is said that one day, Li Jing took a group of courtiers on a trip, and just when a gust of wind rose, it stirred up the pool water of Xuanwu Lake. When Li Jing saw this scene, he half-jokingly and half-seriously asked Feng Yanmi: Blowing up a pool of spring water, what is the matter with Qing Qing?
When Feng Yanwei heard this, he was shocked, and immediately apologized and said: The word Wei Chen is far inferior to His Majesty's famous sentence. Li Jing asked curiously: My famous sentence? Which sentence is it? Feng Yanshu replied: Of course, it is the phrase "Xiao Lou blows through yusheng han".
Li Jing listened, laughed, and never mentioned this matter again. After Feng Yanwei returned home, he still had palpitations, and after untying his wide clothes, he found that the clothes that were close to him were already soaked.
Speaking of "Spring Water Words", finally, let's take a look at Feng Yanmi's "Gurudwara Kinmen Wind Rises":
The wind rises and blows a pool of spring water.
Idle Mandarin Duck Fang Trail, hand red apricot buds.
The fighting ducks are leaning alone, and the jasper scratches its head and falls obliquely.
All day long, I hope that the king will not arrive, and I will raise my head to smell the magpie.
The poem is written as a young woman who misses her husband on a spring day. Here, Feng Yanwei focuses on shaping not a lonely and mournful love affair, but an elegant and beautiful artistic conception.
"The wind rises and blows a pool of spring water." This sentence is superficially written about the scene, but in fact it is written about the feelings. A "wrinkled" word not only reproduces the sparkling scene of the pool water, but also expresses the waves in the young woman's heart. Spring returns to the earth, and everything in Vientiane is renewed, but the husband travels far away, leaving him alone in the empty boudoir. Mandarin duck tile cold frost Hua heavy, emerald cold who with whom? Thinking about this, the young woman's heart was even more empty.
"Idle Mandarin duck incense path, hand red apricot buds." In ancient poetry, the Mandarin duck is often regarded as a symbol of love, and in order to get rid of the loneliness in her heart, the young woman plucks a handful of flower buds and teases the Mandarin duck in the pond. However, pairs of Mandarin ducks reflected her loneliness and aroused her three thousand troubles, which were like red apricots on the branches, tickling her heart.
"The fighting ducks are leaning on their own, and the jasper scratches its head and falls." The young woman was in a bad mood and leaned alone on the railing and stood for a long, long time. The hairpin on her head was so casually inserted that it seemed to be about to fall, but the young woman was not in the mood to reinsert it. Yes, the soldier dies for the confidant, and the woman is for the one who pleases herself. The person who deserves my grooming is not around, even if I dress up beautifully, who can I show it to?
"All day long, I hope that the king will not arrive, and I will raise my head to smell the joy of the magpie." The young woman stood there in a daze, thinking of her sweetheart: I don't know where he is now? When will I be able to return to myself? When will this lonely day be the beginning? I wonder how many tears can be in my eyes, how can I prevent autumn from flowing to the end of winter, and spring from flowing to summer! The chirping of the magpies on the branches once again aroused the young woman's expectations, but who knows if this expectation will be a new loss?
"Raise your head and smell the magpie" is the finishing touch of the whole word, which is subtle and intriguing, and gives the whole word a layer of melancholy color. Mr. Ye Jiaying commented on this poem, she said: "The person who is sad is as if he has pursued something, as if he is lost, and it is a feeling of failure without spiritual dependence. ”
Feng Yanshu is recognized, what he is best at is the writing technique of scenery and affection, and because of things, although his words inherit the Huajian school, they do not have the thick and slippery feeling of the Huajian words, but appear beautiful and delicate, euphemistic and subtle. As a lyricist, he was quite successful, and Wang Guowei commented in "Words and Sayings in the World": "Although Feng Zhengzhong's words do not lose the style of the five generations, the hall is very large, opening up the atmosphere of the Northern Song Dynasty. Liu Xizai also pointed out in the "Outline of Art": "Feng Yanshu's words, Yan Tongshu got his handsome, and Ouyang Yongshu got his depth." ”
As the saying goes, "A man is like a man." "A person's words can more or less reflect his inner world and personality. But perhaps there are exceptions to everything, in the words left by Feng Yanwei to posterity, we can rarely see its "flattering and cunning" side. Perhaps, people have many faces, advocating the true heart of beauty written in the text, I hope so!