When Genghis Khan attacked the Jin Kingdom, the Mongol cavalry attacked Juyongguan for the first time very easily, slaughtering 10,000 elite soldiers of the Jin Kingdom, but when they attacked again for the second time, why could they not attack it?
This is also the most dramatic place for Genghis Khan's Mongol cavalry to attack the Golden Kingdom, and the biggest difference between barbarism and civilization.
In fact, when Genghis Khan first attacked the Jin State in 1211, many generals of the Jin State looked down on him from the bone, causing the Jin soldiers to be arrogant and arrogant, and after facing defeat, they had to retreat.
Genghis Khan attacked the Jin Dynasty with a very clear goal, and the Mongol cavalry continued to move closer to the capital of the Jin Dynasty, Zhongdu (present-day Beijing), and if they wanted to enter the Capital, the Mongol cavalry had to pass through Juyong Pass.
When the Mongol corps first arrived at Juyongguan, the Jin Guoshou of Juyongguan would be Yan Fuxing. This person was a member of the Jinguo royal family, and his great-grandfather was Jin Shizu, who was the prime minister of the Jin kingdom at that time.
Influenced by the Confucian culture of the Central Plains since childhood, Yan Fuxing learned the ancient and modern, understood the art of war, stood out in the wars of the Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, and was constantly reused.
Emperor Yan Yongji of the Jin Dynasty sent Yan Fuxing to the town to guard Juyongguan personally, and also saw the importance that the imperial court attached to Juyongguan. Juyongguan is the last natural barrier in Zhongdu, the terrain is dangerous, and it is impossible to open it when a husband and wife pass. For the Jin court, as long as Juyongguan was guarded, Genghis Khan's Mongol cavalry could not reach the capital.
According to the instructions of the Jin Emperor, after Yan Fuxing arrived at Juyongguan, he only needed to hold out and not let the Mongols occupy Juyongguan, and did not require him to eliminate many Mongols.
However, after Yan Fuxing saw that the Mongol cavalry had attacked several times, he deduced that these barbarians did not understand the art of war at all. This is the thinking of civilized people, confident to proud.
The Mongol cavalry was not a cowardly defeat of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the general who attacked Juyongguan was Tetsubetsu, who was not only brave and fierce, but also scheming, and although he did not learn military books such as "Sun Tzu's Art of War", he used soldiers like gods.
After seeing the tall and strong walls of Juyongguan, he decided to come up with a plan to lure the enemy.
Zhebei first ordered the Mongol cavalry to take the cloud ladder and other siege tools to launch a fierce attack on Juyongguan, and then threw away his armor and fled.
After Yan Fuxing saw that the Mongol cavalry was defeated, he ordered 10,000 elite soldiers to go out in pursuit. One of his advisers advised: "This is most likely a trick of the Mongols to lure the enemy." ”
Yan Fuxing completely ignored it, thinking that the barbarian Mongols had not even read a book, where did they understand any tricks to lure the enemy? So, he frantically pursued and killed the Mongol cavalry.
This chase entered tetsubetsu's elaborate encirclement. Ten thousand elite soldiers were surrounded by Mongol cavalry and carried out a massacre like a fierce wind sweeping away the leaves. In defensive warfare, the golden soldiers are the advantage, while in the field, the Mongols are the ancestors.
In this way, Yan Fuxing's 10,000 soldiers and horses were almost slaughtered, and he had to abandon Juyongguan and run back to Zhongdu.
Then, when the Mongols attacked Juyongguan for the second time, why couldn't they attack it and returned without success? It has nothing to do with tactics, but with the timidity of the generals who guard the border of the Golden Soldiers.
At that time, Genghis Khan attacked the Jin Kingdom with the purpose of plundering, and he could not divide his troops to occupy the many cities and pools of the Jin Kingdom, so after gaining a lot of wealth, he fled. In order to prevent the Mongols from attacking again, the Jin State also strengthened Juyongguan and re-sent a general to guard it.
In the autumn of 1212, when Genghis Khan sent troops to attack the Jin Kingdom for the second time, he still sent Tetsubetsu to attack Juyongguan.
However, no matter whether Tetsubetsu attacked by force or resorted to the strategy of enticing the enemy, he could not break through juyongguan. This made Tetsubetsu very angry, but also very helpless.
This general of the Jin Dynasty was already timid, and after learning the lesson of Yan Fuxing's defeat, he refused to leave the pass to meet the enemy, but if the Mongols only needed to attack Juyong Pass, they would condescend and fight with bows and arrows, crossbow cannons, and stones.
In the end, Zhebei had to wander around outside Juyongguan and loot, slaughtering many innocent people, and then went all the way east into the Liaodong region.
It seems that sometimes timidity can also be won in war.