Yang Hucheng was born as a knife maker, starting from killing the rich and helping the poor, and pulled up a team that could fight a good battle. He led this team to fight everywhere in the chaotic era of Shaanxi in the early Ming Dynasty, and successively participated in the patriotic movement and the Dharma protection movement in Shaanxi. He also participated in the later Northern Expedition and the Central Plains War.
Yang Hucheng
It was through these battles, large and small, that his ranks grew and matured. Later, in order to survive, he defected to chiang's Nanjing government and was incorporated into the Nationalist 17th Route Army.
On the eve of the Xi'an Incident, the 17th Route Army led by Yang Hucheng had two corps, namely the 38th Army and the 7th Army, and the commanders were Sun Weiru and Feng Qinya. The 38th Army had jurisdiction over the 17th Division of the Reorganized Division, with Sun Weiru as the commander of the division; the 7th Army had jurisdiction over the 42nd Division of the Reorganized Division, and the division commander was Feng Qinzha. There are also the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Brigades of the Garrison Brigade, plus the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Regiments of The Special Agents of the Xi'an Sui Prefecture, the Cavalry Regiment of the Headquarters of the Seventeenth Route Army, the Special Service Battalion, the Instruction Battalion, and the Guards. A total of 28 regiments, more than 60,000 people.
Wu Shimin, Yang Hucheng, Feng Qinya, Sun Weiru
At this time, the strength of Yang Hucheng's team had reached its peak, but for the old Jiang at that time, how could he tolerate the existence of a powerful local force. Just at this time, the main force of the Red Army reached northern Shaanxi. Jiang adopted his usual strategy of killing two birds with one stone and ordered Yang Hucheng to go to northern Shaanxi to suppress the Communists, so as to achieve the goal of depleting the strength of Yang Hucheng and the Red Army, and reap the profits himself.
How could Yang Hucheng not know Chiang's vicious intentions, he had fought with the Red Army in southern Shaanxi and was beaten by the Red Army and suffered heavy losses. He knew the fighting power of the Red Army. In order to preserve his strength, coupled with his own reluctance to attack the Red Army, he adopted a passive combat strategy.
Yang Hucheng's attitude toward Japan was very positive, advocating a coalition of communists to resist Japan; while Chiang Kai-shek's attitude toward Japan was negative, and he was bent on eliminating other dissident forces in the country. In order to establish a national united anti-Japanese front, Yang Hucheng persuaded Zhang Xueliang to launch the Xi'an Incident. This coup d'état also became the beginning of yang hucheng's 17th route army towards division.
Feng Qinya
At the time of the Xi'an Incident, Feng Qinzha, commander of the rightist 7th Army and commander of the 42nd Division of the 17th Route Army, refused Yang Hucheng's order to "garrison Tongguan and block the Central Army" and promised the Nationalist Government that "one will not be a communist, the second will not support Xiao Zhang (Xueliang), and the third will not fight with the Central Army." He also telegraphed liu zhi of the Central Army against Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng. Since then, Feng Qinya and Yang Hucheng have parted ways and defected to Lao Jiang.
In the Xi'an Incident, Zhang Xueliang's Northeast Army was mainly responsible for Capturing Jiang in Lintong, and Yang Hucheng's Seventeenth Route Army was mainly responsible for Xi'an. Beforehand, Yang Hucheng personally deployed Zhao Shoushan in the name of the exercise to familiarize the troops with the course of action, so that in the event, the troops of the Seventeenth Route Army occupied and disarmed all the central units and organs in Xi'an, and all the central officers in Xi'an were detained.
Wang Jinya
At that time, Wang Jinya, the commander of the 49th Brigade of the 17th Division of the 17th Route Army, advocated killing Jiang, and when he learned that Zhang Xueliang had escorted the old Jiang back to Nanjing, he took his team into meridian yu in Qinling. Later, forced by the situation, he also turned to Jiang. Subsequently, the two regiments of the 17th Route Army's 1st Garrison Brigade, Wang Junbu, shen Xiting's 2nd Garrison Brigade, and Tang Deyao, also turned to the Nanjing government.
Sun Weiru
In this great split of the 17th Route Army, there were a total of 14 regiments and more than 20,000 people who rebelled against Chiang Kai-shek. The remaining less than 40,000 men were organized into the Army's 38th Army, with Sun Weiru as the commander, and had two reorganized divisions under his command, namely the 17th Division and the 177th Division, with the division commanders Zhao Shoushan and Li Xingzhong respectively; there were also two garrison brigades, two directly subordinate regiments, namely the Teaching Regiment and the Cavalry Regiment, and the 17th Route Army was abolished.
From the beginning of the Xi'an Incident to the time when Yang Hucheng was forced to leave Xi'an and go abroad, the 17th Route Army, under the division and bribery of lao Chiang, changed from a local powerful faction to a miscellaneous unit of the Central Army, and embarked on a road that was gradually weakened, dismembered, and eliminated by Chiang.
Although the 17th Route Army moved towards division for various reasons, the concept and enthusiasm of this unit to resist Japan remained unchanged, and its combat effectiveness was strong. In the subsequent anti-Japanese battles, he repeatedly inflicted heavy losses on the Japanese army and became a powerful opponent of the Japanese army.
After Feng Qinzha led his troops to defect to Lao Jiang, it was expanded into the 27th Route Army, under the jurisdiction of the 42nd Division and the 169th Division, with the division commanders Liu Yanbiao and Wu Shimin respectively, and Feng Qinya as the commander-in-chief. After the Lugou Bridge Incident, Feng Qinzha led his troops to the front line and participated in the Battle of Baoding and the Battle of Niangziguan.
In September 1937, the 27th Route Army was renamed the 98th Army and incorporated into the 14th Army. In October 1939, The former commander of the 169th Division, Shiman toshi, took over as the commander of the 98th Army. Feng Qinzha was promoted to deputy commander of the First Theater of Operations, and his power was suspended. Subsequently, the 98th Army was directly under the 2nd Theater East Road Army (the commander-in-chief of the East Road Army was Zhu De), stationed at Zhongtiao Mountain.
Samurai Min
The Kuomintang's anti-Japanese attitude was always negative, but its enthusiasm for excluding dissidents was very high. Yan Xishan ordered his troops to eliminate the new army (led by the Communist Party) in Shanxi, and also sent people to win over the 98th Army's samurai Min, but the samurai Min Yizheng sternly refused. Wu Shimin expressed his determination to cooperate with the Eighth Route Army, put the interests of the country and the nation first, jointly resist Japan, and never give up until the Japanese army was driven out of China.
At that time, Sun Weiru's Fourth Army had been transferred away from Zhongtiao Mountain, and there were more than 200,000 Nationalist troops defending Zhongtiao Mountain. However, the anti-Japanese attitude within the Kuomintang was very negative, coupled with the brutal attack of the Japanese army, the Kuomintang Zhu Huaibing and other troops successively left the arduous Shanxi base area.
The 98th Army's samurai Min resolutely cooperated with the Ccp to resist Japan, and he often warned his officers and men: Resist Japan above all else, and persist in resisting the war to the end!
Under the leadership of Wu Shimin, the 98th Army cooperated closely with the Eighth Route Army, repelled many rampant attacks by the Japanese army against the Japanese base areas, persisted in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in Shanxi, and made tremendous contributions to stabilizing the situation in the National War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and supporting frontal battlefield operations.
In the Battle of Zhongtiao Mountain, more than 20,000 Kuomintang troops surrendered, more than 40,000 were captured, more than 10,000 were sacrificed, and the remaining 100,000 or so were ordered to retreat across the Yellow River.
Samurai Min's 98th Army became a very feared unit of the Japanese army, and could not fight and fight, so it had to send people to persuade them to surrender many times, but They were all rejected by Samurai Min.
The Japanese army, still not dead-hearted, sent a samurai to be a traitor to persuade him to surrender, and samurai Min angrily said, "I am a soldier, I should die on the battlefield of the anti-Japanese resistance!" "The traitor was then detained.
There was no hope of persuasion, and the Japanese army began to encircle and suppress the 98th Army in a frenzied and cruel manner. The Japanese army concentrated more than 30,000 main forces and surrounded the 98th Army in Dongyu and Xiyu in Qinshui County, Shanxi.
The battle-hardened samurai were not afraid of danger, and personally went to the front line to command the troops to resist desperately and fight in blood. Many times the team was organized to break through, but finally due to the tight blockade of the Japanese army, it failed to succeed.
During a breakout, Samurai Min was hit in the jaw by an enemy bullet, at which point he shouted to all the officers and men: "Fight to the end, if you don't succeed, you will become a ren!" He then died heroically at the age of 49.
After the martyrdom of Wu Shimin, the Kuomintang Military Commission immediately sent Liu Xicheng of the Huangpu Phase I to succeed him as the commander of the 98th Army. Since then, under the transformation of Lao Jiang, this unit has gradually evolved into a central military unit.
In 1944, the 98th Army was abolished, and its subordinate units were reorganized into the 169th Division, transferred to the southwest region, incorporated into the Expeditionary Force, and stationed in western Yunnan. Feng Qinzha's troops of the 17th Route Army entered history.
After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Feng Qinzha served as the deputy commander of the 12th Theater of Operations, who had no authority, and the deputy commander of the North China Suppression Campaign. In 1949, he rebelled with Fu Zuoyi, commander-in-chief of the North China Suppression Campaign.
The two regiments of the 1st Garrison Brigade, Wang Junbu, shen Xiting, and Tang Deyao of the 2nd Garrison Brigade, which broke away from the 17th Route Army, were reorganized by Lao Jiang into the independent 19th Brigade, but they were soon abolished and the troops were scattered and incorporated into other divisions.
Wang Jinya, commander of the 49th Brigade of the 17th Division of the 17th Route Army, who defected to Chiang Kai-shek, was reorganized by Chiang Kai-shek as the independent 20th Brigade.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Wang Jinya led the independent 20th Brigade to Zhongtiao Mountain. Yang Hucheng's contingent was very positive in its anti-Japanese attitude. They can fight well, and they are also a strong force that gives the Japanese army a headache.
During the garrison of Zhongtiao Mountain, the Independent 20th Brigade and the Japanese army fought more than 20 battles of various sizes, and Wang Jinya must be the first soldier and shirtless in each battle, and he once beheaded more than 100 Japanese troops.
Subsequently, the independent 20th Brigade was expanded into the newly organized 35th Division and the Independent 20th Brigade, and Wang Jinya served as the commander of the newly organized 35th Division and the commander of the Kaifeng Garrison, and was incorporated into Tang Enbo's 20th Army.
The new independent 20th Brigade was commanded by Chiang's general Zhong Song and led by the 9th Army, which subsequently took part in the Battle of Songhu. This unit has since been known as the Central Army's concubine unit.
Li Zongren
In the Battle of Xuzhou in the spring of 1938, Wang Jinzha led thousands of soldiers to aid Cao Prefecture on the outskirts of Taierzhuang to block the Japanese army that pursued and killed Li Zongren's troops, and finally enabled General Li Zongren to escape safely. It also saved Li Zongren's life.
In the summer of 1938, Wang Jinya led his troops to participate in the Battle of Eastern Henan, suffering heavy casualties; in the autumn of the same year, he participated in the Battle of Wuhan, engaged the Japanese army in Ruichang and other places in Jiangxi, and suffered heavy losses.
After the fall of Wuhan, Wang Jinya led his troops to withdraw to Xianning, Hubei Province, renamed the 128th Division, becoming one of the 200 regular divisions of the Nanjing government, Wang Jinya served as the commander of the lieutenant general's division, and the troops were incorporated into Tang Enbo's 31st Group Army. In the ensuing Battle of Wuhan, this unit fought a bloody battle with the Japanese army, and the 128th Division suffered heavy losses.
After the Battle of Wuhan, Tang Enbo further dismembered the 128th Division, and he transferred the 382nd Brigade, which was still in combat effectiveness of the 128th Division, to Henan under the leadership of Deputy Brigade Commander (and Brigade Commander) Li Junyan to enrich other units. Li Junyan later led the 382nd Brigade to defend Luoyang until luoyang fell.
The remaining officers and men of the 128th Division, together with light and serious wounds, totaled less than 200 people. Wang Jinzha led these wounded and disabled generals into the Xianning and Puxi areas of Hubei Province to recuperate and replenish themselves, and from then on they were nominally included in the 29th Group Army.
Old Chiang Kai-shek's attitude toward Wang Jinya's advocacy of killing Jiang during the Xi'an Incident could not be relieved, and in Jiang's eyes, Wang Jinya's troops were miscellaneous troops. Therefore, the salaries of the 128th Division were often withheld, making the life of Wang Jinya's troops not difficult at all.
Tombaugh
In order to seize Wang Jinya's military power, Tang Enbo sent Wang Jinya to Hunan for training and promoted Wang Jinza to deputy commander, but Wang saw through Jiang's ruse to cut down his military power and refused to go to Xiang. After killing the deputy commander of the 128th Division appointed by Chiang Kai-shek, he led his troops north across the Yangtze River into the territory of Qiuyang in Hubei Province.
During his stay in Qiuyang, Wang Jinzha successively fired and merged the Jin Yiwu Department of the Guodang Special Mobilization Army, the Zhou Xing Department of the Central Army, and the Yang Zhenhua Department of the local armed forces in Qiuyang County. It also got along with the New Fourth Army in Xiangbei, resisted the sweeping of the Japanese army, rectified local public security, eliminated the bandits who harmed the people, and gradually expanded the troops to more than 10,000 people in 3 regular brigades.
On the issue of resisting Japan, Wang Jinya never wavered. From the end of 1938 to 1942, he participated in the Battle of Suizao, the Winter Offensive of 1939, the Battle of Zaoyi and the Battle of Henan. In these battles, Wang Jinya's troops inflicted heavy losses on the Japanese army and posed a great threat to the Japanese army occupying Wuhan.
In February 1943, in order to annihilate Wang Jinya's 128th Division, the Japanese army dispatched 50,000 troops of its 51st Army, under the cover of 60 aircraft, to launch the Annihilation War in Jiangbei. Due to the defection of One of Wang Jinya's brigade commanders, Gu Dingxin, he took the garrison map of Wang's department into film and secretly sent it to the Japanese army. In the end, the 128th Division was almost completely destroyed, and Wang Jinya's troops were defeated and captured.
Due to the current situation and various reasons at that time, Wang Jinzai temporarily defected to the enemy against his will, and the unit was reorganized by the Wang puppet Nationalist government into the provisional 6th Division and the 43rd Division, and the division commanders were Jin Yiwu and Wang Jinzai respectively.
Soon after the establishment of the provisional 43rd Division, Wang Jinya led his troops to carry out guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines and persisted until the victory of the War of Resistance. The provisional 6th Division was incorporated by the Nanjing government in September 1945.
After the victory of the War of Resistance, Hu Zongnan lured Wang Jinya to Xi'an and threw him into the Big Wild Goose Pagoda Prison. When Hu Zongnan wanted to escort Wang Jinya to Nanjing, Wang Jinya took the opportunity to escape and went north to Yan'an and threw himself into the arms of the people's army.
At that time, Wang Jinya, Lao Jiang loved and hated him, Lao Wang liked and feared him, the New Fourth Army respected him and stayed away, and the Japanese could not do anything about him. Regarding Wang Jinya's sin of thousands of years, posterity has its own comments.
Zhao Shoushan
After the 38th Army, which was reorganized from the remainder of the 17th Route Army, began the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zhao Shoushan's 17th Division, the 529th Brigade of the 177th Division (Brigade Commander Xu Quanzhong), and the Teaching Regiment (Regiment Commander Li Zhenxi) went to the front and successively participated in the Battle of Baoding, the Battle of Niangziguan, and the Battle of Xinkou.
In the Battle of Niangziguan, the 17th Division and the Teaching Regiment fought bloodily against the Japanese army for nine days and nights, inflicting heavy losses on the Japanese army. More than 1,800 officers and men of the teaching regiment were martyred; the 529th Brigade of the 177th Division suffered more than 3,000 casualties and more than 2,000 casualties in the Battle of Xinkou.
Battle of Niangziguan
In July 1938, the 38th Army was expanded into the 31st Army. In November, the 31st Army was reorganized into the 4th Army, with Sun Weiru as commander-in-chief. It administered the 38th Army and the 96th Army. Zhao Shoushan, commander of the 38th Army, had the 17th and 55th Divisions under his command. Li Xingzhong, commander of the 96th Army, had the 177th Division and the newly formed 14th Division under his command.
Sun Weiru's unit then marched into the anti-Japanese front of Zhongtiao Mountain in southern Jinnan, and in the nearly three years of holding on to Zhongtiao Mountain, it smashed 11 major sweeps by the Japanese army, 21,000 people died under the Zhongtiao Mountain and on the banks of the Yellow River, and the Japanese army never crossed the Yellow River and entered Shaanxi.
In the Battle of the Hundred Regiments launched by the Eighth Route Army, Sun Weiru sent troops as a countermeasure to send troops deep behind the enemy's back, and he attacked the Japanese army dozens of times, and the Japanese army shrank to the stronghold and did not dare to act rashly.
After Sun Weiru was transferred away from Zhongtiao Mountain, he was stationed in Henan and garrisoned the defense lines of Gong County, Fenshui, Xingyang, and Guangwu for more than 100 miles. The Japanese army on the north bank of the Yellow River forcibly crossed the Yellow River and occupied Zhengzhou, and Sun Weiru's Fourth Army fought with the Japanese army in the Xingyang and Guangwu areas, and cooperated with friendly forces to retake Zhengzhou.
In the Battle of Guangwu, the 17th Division of the Fourth Army was the main force in combat, with more than 2,280 officers and men killed and wounded in the division. One of the 102nd regiments lost one battalion, and some companies had only twenty or thirty men left. But the morale of the troops against japan remained the same.
In the Battle of Henan launched by the Japanese army, the Fourth Army fought bravely to block the Japanese army east of Gong County. Among them, the 503rd Regiment killed more than 2,500 Japanese troops during the seven days and nights of holding the Tiger Prison Pass. In addition, in the two major wars of Dengfeng and Hancheng, the Japanese army suffered heavy losses.
In the Battle of Western Henan, the 96th Army of the Fourth Army and the Japanese Bloody Officer Daokou were precisely because of their hard resistance and heroic killing of the enemy, so that the Japanese army did not go further west, thus ensuring the safety of Guanzhong.
For old Chiang Kai-shek, the Xi'an Incident was his great shame, and for the protagonist of this incident, the 17th Route Army, he hated it to the bone and was bent on getting rid of this team.
In order to eliminate Sun Weirubu, Lao Jiang again adopted the strategy of rising and descending in the open and secretly and seizing military power. First, Zhao Shoushan was falsely promoted to the position of commander-in-chief of the Third Army, and then Sun Weiru was transferred in the same way as the commander of the Sixth Theater. Sun Weiru's commander had no power and was suspended.
Immediately, Chiang Kai-shek merged the original 38th Army and the 96th Army into the new 38th Army, and appointed his concubine Zhang Yaoming as the commander. It had three divisions, the 17th Division, the 55th Division, and the 177th Division, and abolished the newly formed 14th Division, so that the troops were divided into 14 regiments and 9 regiments.
Zhang Yaoming
After Zhang Yaoming became the commander of the 38th Army, he first attacked the 17th Division to eliminate dissident forces in the 38th Army. Forced by the situation, some officers and men of the 17th Division decided to revolt, and led a battalion of the 50th Regiment, the 51st Regiment and the 49th Regiment of the 17th Division to revolt in the town of Guxian in Luoning, Henan. After that, he met with the headquarters of Commander Han Jun of the Second Division of the People's Liberation Army in Western Henan. After the uprising of the 17th Division, Zhang Yaoming's next target was the 55th Division.
In order to further weaken Sun Weiru's troops, Lao Jiang once again reorganized the Fourth Army, reorganized the 38th Army into the reorganized 38th Division, the 55th Division and the 177th Division into the reorganized 55th Brigade and the 177th Reorganized Brigade, transferred Kong Congzhou, the former commander of the 55th Division, to the deputy commander of the reorganized 38th Division, the commander of the reorganized 55th Brigade was Sun Zikun, and ordered the reorganized 55th Brigade to march from Gongxian to Xinxiang to suppress bandits.
Forced by the situation, Kong Congzhou led the reorganized 55th Brigade to resolutely revolt in Gong County, Henan. Due to the haste and lack of preparation for the uprising, the troops were scattered, and Sun Zikun and Sun Naihua, a member of the Chinese Communist Party, were captured and killed. Kong Congzhou, Yang Jian, and others broke through and then reached Handan in the Jin-Hebei Luyu Border Region and defected to Liu Deng's army.
Then Li Zhenxi's lü yuanbi, commander of the 2nd company of the 1st Battalion of the 530th Regiment of the Reorganized 177th Brigade, and Xue Shengrong, commander of the 3rd Company, also led an uprising in Huixian County, Henan; at this time, a machine gun platoon of the 529th Regiment also revolted. Eventually, the rebels reached the Liberated Area safely.
Under the direct leadership of Deng Xiaoping and Liu Bocheng, the CPC Central Committee successively participated in the Shangdang Self-Defense Campaign, the Pinghan Campaign, the Baijin Line Campaign, the Huixian Campaign, the Tangxi Campaign, and the Northern Henan Campaign; after forcibly crossing the Yellow River, it participated in the Battle of Western Henan, making outstanding contributions to the liberation of all of China.
When Sun Weiru was transferred to the commander of the Sixth Theater, he brought Zhang Jingbai a regiment from the 17th Division of the Fourth Army to serve as a guard regiment of the Commander's Headquarters of the 6th Theater. After the abolition of the Sixth Theater, the regiment was assigned to the Wuhan Xingyuan Director Cheng Qian's moderation.
Cheng Dive
Later, the regiment sneaked to Changsha with the journey and expanded into the 232nd Division, with Kang Pu, who was a cadre of the former 17th Route Army, as the division commander and Zhang Jingbai as the deputy division commander.
The division then revolted with Cheng and fought against the remnants of Bai Chongxi, liberating Xiangtan. It was later reorganized into the Chinese People's Liberation Army and participated in the campaign to liberate the Great Southwest.
At this point, sun Weiru's troops of the former 17th Route Army were only left with the blood of Li Zhen's western part of the reorganized 177th Brigade, which was still in the Guodang army. The unit was transferred to Jinnan and Guanzhong with the reorganized 38th Division, and suffered repeated blows.
In the Battle of Fumei in Guanzhong, the 38th Army suffered heavy losses, the commander Yao Guojun was dismissed from his post, and Li Zhenxi took over as the commander.
Li Zhenxi
After that, the ministry retreated into the southwest with Hu Zongnan, and in the Southwest Campaign, Li Zhenxi refused to follow Pei Changhui's uprising, took his troops to the west of An County, Sichuan, and was eventually forced to surrender to the People's Liberation Army. The history of Sun Weirubu has come to an end.
Although this unit created by Yang Hucheng was split for various reasons, in the military career after the split, they all adhered to all of Yang Hucheng's instructions to focus on anti-Japanese resistance, and never admitted it on the battlefield of anti-Japanese resistance. It is a pity that General Yang Hucheng did not wait for the founding of New China. On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the family was killed in the prison of the Chongqing Sino-US Cooperation Institute.