The Sixth Plenary Session of the Enlarged Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China opened on September 29, 1938 at the Qiao'ergou Auditorium in Yan'an, and lasted until November 6, nearly 40 days. Present at the meeting were 12 members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, namely Chairman Mao, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, Wang Ming, Luo Fu, Xiang Ying, Bogu, Kang Sheng, Wang Jiaxiang, Peng Dehuai, Liu Shaoqi, and Chen Yun. There are 5 members of the Central Committee, namely Guan Xiangying, Zhang Hao, Yang Shangkun, Li Fuchun, and Luo Mai (i.e., Li Weihan). In addition, there are 39 responsible persons of various departments of the Party Central Committee and all regions of the country. The agenda of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee is; first, Zhang Wentian delivers an opening speech; second, Wang Jiaxiang conveys the instructions of the Communist International; and third, Chairman Mao makes a political report.
At the "March Meeting" of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, it was decided that Ren Bishi would go to the Soviet Union to succeed Wang Ming in his work in the Communist International, and then Ren Bishi, under the pseudonym "Chen Lin", set off from Yan'an to Moscow on March 5, 1938, accompanied by Chen Chunying and Cai Chang. Arrived in Lanzhou on the 15th. On the 16th, it was transferred to a Soviet military plane and continued westward to Arrive in Dihua (present-day Urumqi). In late March, he arrived in Moscow by Soviet military plane from Dihua.
On May 17, Ren Bishi and Wang Jiaxiang, a representative of the cpc delegation to the Comintern, attended a meeting of the Presidium of the Executive Committee of the Comintern. On behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, he also submitted to the Comintern a written report entitled "The Situation of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in China and the Work and Tasks of the Communist Party of China."
At the beginning of July, Wang Jiaxiang was preparing to leave for China, and on the eve of Wang Jiaxiang's departure to return to China, General Secretary of the Executive Committee of the Communist International, Dimit, talked with Ren Bishi and Wang Jiaxiang. It is clearly pointed out: "Comrade Chairman Mao should be recognized as a leader produced in the actual struggle of the Chinese revolution, and tell Wang Ming not to fight!" ”
That month, Wang Jiaxiang flew back to China by plane from Moscow. Ren Bishi officially succeeded Wang Jiaxiang as the representative of the Communist Party of China to the Comintern.
Wang Jiaxiang returned to Yan'an and brought back the documents of the Presidium of the Executive Committee of the Communist International and the opinions of Dimitrov, general secretary of the Executive Committee of the Communist International. Affirming the line of the Communist Party of China and Chairman Mao's leading position in the whole Party is a crucial event in the history of the Communist Party of China. This will play an important role in overcoming the right-leaning capitulationist propositions put forward by Wang Ming in the anti-Japanese national united front under the banner of the Communist International. In order to implement the instructions of the Communist International and further define the Party's line in the War of Resistance, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to convene the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Party.
At the opening ceremony meeting, Zhang Wentian delivered an opening speech and unanimously approved the presidium of the plenary session composed of 12 members of the Politburo of the Central Committee in Yan'an. Chairman Mao announced the agenda of the plenum at the meeting. Wang Jiaxiang is a member of the Presidium and serves as the Secretary-General of the Plenary.
In his opening speech, Zhang Wentian pointed out that the main task of the plenum is to sum up the experience and lessons of the national war of resistance in the past year and three months, correctly estimate the current situation, overcome the current difficulties, and bring the war of resistance to victory; it is necessary to define a clear policy so that our party can further play its vanguard and exemplary role and make our party a broad mass party, so as to ensure the victory of the war of resistance.
Wang Jiaxiang once again delivered the "Report on International Instructions" at the meeting.
Chairman Mao delivered a political report entitled "The War of Resistance Against Japan and the New Stage of the Development of the Anti-Japanese National United Front," which consisted of eight parts; the First and Fifth Plenary Sessions to the Sixth Plenary Session; second, the summary of the 15-month period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression; third, the new stage of the development of the Anti-Japanese National War and the Anti-Japanese National United Front; fourth, the current urgent tasks of the whole nation; fifth, protracted war and long-term cooperation; sixth, China's war of aggression and the world's anti-fascist movement; seventh, the status of the Communist Party of China in the national war; and eighth, the convening of the Seventh Congress of the Party. In his report, Chairman Mao analyzed the situation of the War of Resistance at that time. Summing up the basic experience of the War of Resistance Over the past 15 months, it was pointed out that the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was about to enter the stage of strategic stalemate. It stipulates the tasks of the Party and the people of the whole country in the War of Resistance Against Japan and expounds the Party's basic policy during the War of Resistance Against Japan. Talking about the tasks of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee.
Chairman Mao pointed out that the enlarged Sixth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee was opened at an important juncture when the War of Resistance Against Japan was about to enter a new stage of development and undertook major historical tasks. He said: "It is absolutely true that the War of Resistance Against Japan fought heroically for more than a year, and the great unity and great progress of the whole country have dealt a serious blow to Japanese imperialism. The war went on. This is mainly due to China's continued progress, while at the same time cooperating with Japan's increased difficulties. The international helped us to strengthen, and the final victory will certainly belong to me, not to the enemy, and this can also be predicted. Who can't see the great achievements of the past and the future victory prospects. Whoever is going to fall into the pit of non-viewism and cannot extricate himself. However, it is not enough to see this aspect alone; there is another aspect of the War of Resistance Against Japan, and there is its negative aspect, and this is the many difficulties before us. The current situation tells us. All the struggles in China for more than a year. Unity, progress, victory, have not yet been able to stop the advance of the enemy, and have not yet counterattacked the strength of the enemy. Wuhan is now under the threat of the enemy, and the enemy will also attack Guangzhou, Changsha and the northwest. Therefore, the people of the whole country are looking forward to the opinions of the Communist Party, and the new environment raises many questions. ”
Chairman Mao said in a loud voice: "Comrades, we must express our opinions and solve problems. Yes, our Party has already expressed its opinions, and many fundamental problems have long been solved. But the new environment requires us to issue new opinions and solve new problems. "Speaking of the experience of the 15 months of the War of Resistance. Chairman Mao said: "There are three main aspects. First, it proves that the War of Resistance Against Japan is long-term, not short-term, and therefore the strategic policy of the War of Resistance is protracted rather than a quick decisive battle. Second, it proves that China's War of Resistance can achieve final victory, and the pessimists have no basis. third. It proves that the only correct way to support the protracted war and to achieve final victory lies in the unity of the whole nation, the pursuit of progress and the dependence on the people, so as to overcome difficulties and win victory. And nothing else. Speaking of "the immediate urgent task of the whole nation". Chairman Mao said. "The general task should be: persist in the War of Resistance and persist in a protracted war. Consolidate and expand the united front in order to overcome difficulties, stop the enemy's offensive, prepare forces, carry out our counter-offensive, and achieve the goal of finally expelling the enemy. ”
In his report, Chairman Mao particularly emphasized the status and responsibility of the Communist Party of China in the national revolutionary war, stressed the party's leading position in the War of Resistance Against Japan, and called on the whole Party to clearly understand and conscientiously undertake the important historical mission of leading the War of Resistance Against Japan. The plenary session unanimously adopted the "Political Resolution on the Enlarged Sixth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee" and the resolution on convening the Seventh National Congress, made a decision on the Party's organizational structure, work rules, and discipline, adopted a telegram to the Communist Party of China, to all the commanders and fighters of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, to the Northeast Volunteer Army, and to the compatriots in Northeast China, and adopted the "Letter of the Enlarged Sixth Plenary Session of the CPC to the Compatriots of the Whole Country and the Comrades of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China."
Zhu De gave a report on the Eighth Route Army in North China in one and a half days at the meeting. He gave a detailed account of the Eighth Route Army's experience and lessons learned in the War of Resistance Over the past year and more, as well as the issues of the Anti-Japanese National United Front and the protracted war. The report concludes: The eighth route army's future tasks are: "Continue to uphold the united front, persist in the War of Resistance, persist in the base areas, win over friendly forces, and consolidate itself." "The task at hand is to develop central China, and the Eighth Route Army must also assume part of the role."
In the course of the meeting, due to the large-scale attack of the Japanese army and the crisis in Wuhan, the CPC Central Committee decided that Zhu De would go to Wuhan to understand the situation and encourage Chiang Kai-shek to continue to persist in the War of Resistance. then. Japanese aircraft often raided Wuhan. Zhu De ventured to Hankou on October 22 in a fighter plane, accompanied by Zhou Enlai to meet Chiang Kai-shek. Zhu De reported to Chiang Kai-shek on the achievements of the Eighth Route Army over the past year or so, the establishment of anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines, and the reasons for these victories; he stressed: As long as the masses are mobilized and armed, even if they retreat to Chongqing, it does not matter that the Japanese Kou will certainly be defeated! It also put forward the requirements for the Expansion of the Eighth Route Army into 3 and the issuance of additional funds and ammunition.
The next day, Zhu De hurriedly flew back to Yan'an, continued to attend the Sixth Plenary Session, and briefed the plenary session on what he learned in Wuhan. He thinks. There are relatively few people in the army who are pessimistic and disappointed about the situation, and there are more people in the political circles, especially Wang Jingwei, vice president of the Kuomintang, who has repeatedly released the air of "peace", but the relations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party have not yet broken down. Two days after Zhu De returned to Yan'an. Hankou fell.
At the meeting, Xiang Ying made a "Report on the Work of the New Fourth Army."
The Sixth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee mainly resolved the following problems: First, the plenary session correctly summed up the experience since the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, analyzed the situation of the War of Resistance, and pointed out the future of victory in the War of Resistance and the basic tasks of the whole nation. Second, the plenary session clearly pointed out that striving to realize the party's leadership is a major historical responsibility of our party in leading the War of Resistance Against Japan. The plenum criticized the right-leaning capitulationist slogans of "everything passes through the united front" and "everything obeys the united front.". The plenary session pointed out the extreme importance of the Party's leadership of the people's anti-Japanese armed struggle and determined that the Party's main work was in the war zone and behind enemy lines. Criticized the kind of hope of pinning hopes of victory over the Japanese Kou on the Kuomintang army. As well as the right-leaning capitulationist ideology keen on carrying out legal movements in the Kuomintang-ruled areas, he criticized the view of contempt for guerrilla warfare. The plenum emphasized the integration of Marxism-Leninism with the reality of the Chinese revolution and criticized dogmatism. V. The Plenum formulated a Marxist organizational line.
The first is to formulate the party's cadre line, that is, Chairman Mao put forward that "the cadre policy of the Communist Party should be based on whether or not it can resolutely implement the party line, obey the party's discipline, have close ties with the masses, and have independent work ability." Actively and willingly, not seeking selfish interests as the standard" of the "meritocratic" line. This is a summation of our Party's experience in the struggle on the cadre line during the ten years of civil war and the war of resistance. At this meeting, he criticized Zhang Guotaotai's "nepotism" cadre line and criticized his liberal and sectarian tendencies on the cadre issue. The second is to emphasize the importance of strengthening the party's unity and strengthening the party's discipline. Sixth, the plenum made corresponding changes in the Party organization. In order to adapt to the war environment and the work of the party, the plenum decided to abolish the Yangtze River Bureau and establish the Central Plains Bureau and the Southern Bureau. The Central Plains Bureau was concurrently secretary by Liu Shaoqi. The work of the Party in Henan, Hubei, Anhui, and Jiangsu north of the Yangtze River is under the guidance of the Central Plains Bureau. The Southern Bureau, with Zhou Enlai as secretary and Dong Biwu as deputy secretary, was responsible for leading the party's work in the areas south of the Yangtze River. This put an end to Wang Ming's erroneous leadership.
After the meeting, the correct line of the PARTY Central Committee was gradually implemented in central China. In the middle of the meeting, Wang Ming made a long speech entitled "The Current Situation of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and How to Persist in The Protracted War to Achieve Final Victory." Although he verbally agreed with Chairman Mao's report, he did not accept the plenum's erroneous criticism of him. The Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is a very important meeting in the history of the Communist Party of China. The "Political Resolution of the Enlarged Sixth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee" adopted by the plenary session. The line of the Politburo headed by Chairman Mao was approved. This meeting comprehensively expounded the basic policy of the Communist Party during the period of the War of Resistance Against Japan, basically overcame the mistake of Wang Ming's right-leaning capitulationism, further unified the thinking of the whole Party, strengthened the unity of the whole Party, and laid the foundation for realizing the Party's leadership over the War of Resistance Against Japan politically, ideologically, and organizationally. It has promoted the rapid development of various work.